Consolidated CDA (C-CDA)
4.0.0 - STU4 United States of America flag

Consolidated CDA (C-CDA), published by Health Level Seven. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 4.0.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7/CDA-ccda/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Logical Model: Result Observation

Official URL: http://hl7.org/cda/us/ccda/StructureDefinition/ResultObservation Version: 4.0.0
Draft as of 2025-10-02 Computable Name: ResultObservation
Other Identifiers: urn:ietf:rfc:3986#Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)#urn:hl7ii:2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.22.4.2:2023-05-01

This template represents the results of a laboratory, radiology, or other study performed on a patient.

The result observation includes a statusCode to allow recording the status of an observation. Pending results (e.g., a test has been run but results have not been reported yet) should be represented as active ActStatus.

If code contains a valid non-null LOINC then the xsi:type value SHOULD match the LOINC Scale Part based on the table below:

LOINC Scale Part Value xsi:type
Qn - Quantitative INT, IVL_INT, MO, IVL_MO, REAL, IVL_REAL, PQ, IVL_PQ, RTO, TS, IVL_TS
Ord - Ordinal CD
Nom - Nominal CD
Nar - Narrative ED, ST
OrdQn - Quantitative or Ordinal CD, INT, IVL_INT, MO, IVL_MO, REAL, IVL_REAL, PQ, IVL_PQ, RTO, TS, IVL_TS
Multi - Multi ED
Doc - Document ED

The Result Observation template is a versatile template designed to represent any type of finding resulting from various types of tests. Value set bindings for Observation.code have been created to support implementers, covering three categories: 1) Common Laboratory Tests, 2) Radiology Tests, and 3) Clinical Tests. If a suitable code is not available within these value sets, first use another LOINC code. If no LOINC code is appropriate, a local code may be used.

Usages:

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

Changes since version 3.0.0:

  • New Content

    • Formal Views of Template Content

    Description of Template, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

    This structure is derived from Observation

    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
    .. Observation C 1..1 Observation XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:v3
    Base for all types and resources
    Instance of this type are validated by templateId
    Logical Container: ClinicalDocument (CDA Class)
    Constraints: should-text-ref-value, should-interpretationCode, should-author, should-referenceRange
    ... Slices for templateId 1..* II Slice: Unordered, Open by value:root, value:extension
    .... templateId:result-obs 1..1 II
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Required Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.22.4.2
    ..... @extension 1..1 st Required Pattern: 2023-05-01
    ... @classCode 1..1 cs Fixed Value: OBS
    ... @moodCode 1..1 cs Fixed Value: EVN
    ... sdtcCategory 0..* CD Binding: US Core Clinical Result Observation Category (preferred)
    ... code C 1..1 CD 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Tests
    Binding: ObservationType (example)
    Additional BindingsPurposeDocumentation
    Common LOINC Lab Codes . Preferred
    Common Lab Tests
    Radiology Procedures (LOINC) . Preferred
    Radiology
    Clinical Tests . Preferred
    Clinical Test

    Constraints: shall-code-or-nullflavor, 4537-19212
    .... (Choice of one) 1..1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    ... text 0..1 ED SHOULD reference the portion of section narrative text corresponding to this entry
    .... reference C 0..1 TEL Constraints: value-starts-octothorpe
    ... statusCode 1..1 CS 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Status
    .... @nullFlavor 0..0
    .... @code 1..1 cs Binding: Result Status . (required)
    ... effectiveTime 1..1 IVL_TS Represents the clinically relevant time of the measurement (e.g., the time a blood pressure reading is obtained, the time the blood sample was obtained for a chemistry test).
    ... Slices for value 1..1 ANY, BL, ED, ST, CD, CV, CE, CO, SC, II, TEL, AD, EN, INT, REAL, PQ, MO, TS, IVL_PQ, IVL_TS, PIVL_TS, EIVL_TS, SXPR_TS, RTO_PQ_PQ 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Values/Results - Value can be any type, but certain types have additional rules.
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... value:physical-quantity 0..1 PQ
    ..... @unit 1..1 cs 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Unit of Measure
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (preferred)
    ..... translation 0..1 PQR Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    .... value:coded C 0..1 CD Constraints: 4537-32610
    ..... translation 0..1 CD Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    ... interpretationCode 0..* CE 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Interpretation
    ... methodCode 0..1 CE
    ... targetSiteCode 0..1 CD
    ... author 0..* AuthorParticipation
    ... referenceRange 0..* InfrastructureRoot 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Reference Range
    .... observationRange 1..1 ObservationRange
    ..... value 1..1 BL, ED, ST, CD, CV, CE, CO, SC, II, TEL, AD, EN, INT, REAL, PQ, MO, TS, IVL_PQ, IVL_TS, PIVL_TS, EIVL_TS, SXPR_TS When the value is a quantity, then the unit SHOULD be selected from ValueSet UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive.

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings (Differential)

    Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
    Observation.sdtcCategory Base preferred US Core Clinical Result Observation Category 📦8.0.0 US Core v8.0
    Observation.code Base example ObservationType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.statusCode.​code Base required Result Status . 📦20240606 VSAC v0.23
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​unit Base preferred UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5

    Constraints

    Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
    4537-19212 warning Observation.code This code **SHOULD** be a code from the LOINC that identifies the result observation. If an appropriate LOINC code does not exist, then the local code for this result **SHALL** be sent (CONF:4537-19212). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    4537-32610 warning Observation.value:coded If Observation/value is a CD (**xsi:type="CD"**) the value **SHOULD** be SNOMED-CT or LOINC (CONF:4537-32610). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.96' or codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    shall-code-or-nullflavor error Observation.code SHALL contain either a @code attribute or a @nullFlavor attribute, but not both. (code | nullFlavor).count() = 1
    should-author warning Observation SHOULD contain author author.exists()
    should-interpretationCode warning Observation SHOULD contain interpretationCode interpretationCode.exists()
    should-referenceRange warning Observation SHOULD contain referenceRange referenceRange.exists()
    should-text-ref-value warning Observation SHOULD contain text/reference/@value text.reference.value.exists()
    value-starts-octothorpe error Observation.text.reference If reference/@value is present, it SHALL begin with a '#' and SHALL point to its corresponding narrative value.exists() implies value.startsWith('#')
    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
    .. Observation C 1..1 Observation XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:v3
    Base for all types and resources
    Instance of this type are validated by templateId
    Logical Container: ClinicalDocument (CDA Class)
    Constraints: should-text-ref-value, should-interpretationCode, should-author, should-referenceRange
    ... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ... realmCode 0..* CS
    ... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    .... @displayable 0..1 bl
    .... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    .... @extension 1..1 st
    ... Slices for templateId 1..* II Slice: Unordered, Open by value:root, value:extension
    .... templateId:result-obs 1..1 II
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ..... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Required Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.22.4.2
    ..... @extension 1..1 st Required Pattern: 2023-05-01
    ... @classCode 1..1 cs Binding: CDAActClassObservation (required)
    Fixed Value: OBS
    ... @moodCode 1..1 cs Binding: XActMoodDocumentObservation (2.0.0) (required)
    Fixed Value: EVN
    ... @negationInd 0..1 bl
    ... id 1..* II
    ... sdtcCategory 0..* CD XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: category (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    Binding: US Core Clinical Result Observation Category (preferred)
    ... code C 1..1 CD 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Tests
    Binding: ObservationType (example)
    Additional BindingsPurposeDocumentation
    Common LOINC Lab Codes . Preferred
    Common Lab Tests
    Radiology Procedures (LOINC) . Preferred
    Radiology
    Clinical Tests . Preferred
    Clinical Test

    Constraints: shall-code-or-nullflavor, 4537-19212
    .... (Choice of one) 1..1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    .... @codeSystem 0..1 oid, uuid, ruid
    .... @codeSystemName 0..1 st
    .... @codeSystemVersion 0..1 st
    .... @displayName 0..1 st
    .... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... originalText 0..1 ED
    .... qualifier 0..* CR
    .... translation 0..* CD
    ... derivationExpr 0..1 ST
    ... text 0..1 ED SHOULD reference the portion of section narrative text corresponding to this entry
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... @compression 0..1 cs Binding: CDACompressionAlgorithm (required)
    .... @integrityCheck 0..1 bin
    .... @integrityCheckAlgorithm 0..1 cs Binding: IntegrityCheckAlgorithm (2.0.0) (required)
    .... @language 0..1 cs
    .... @mediaType 0..1 cs Binding: MediaType (example)
    .... @representation 0..1 cs Binding: CDABinaryDataEncoding (required)
    .... xmlText 0..1 st Allows for mixed text content. If @representation='B64', this SHALL be a base64binary string.
    .... reference C 0..1 TEL Constraints: value-starts-octothorpe
    .... thumbnail 0..1 ED
    ... statusCode 1..1 CS 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Status
    Binding: ActStatus (required)
    .... @code 1..1 cs Binding: Result Status . (required)
    .... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ... effectiveTime 1..1 IVL_TS Represents the clinically relevant time of the measurement (e.g., the time a blood pressure reading is obtained, the time the blood sample was obtained for a chemistry test).
    ... priorityCode 0..1 CE Binding: ActPriority (example)
    ... repeatNumber 0..1 IVL_INT
    ... languageCode 0..1 CS Binding: AllLanguages (required)
    ... Slices for value 1..1 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Values/Results - Value can be any type, but certain types have additional rules.
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... value ANY
    .... value BL
    .... value ED
    .... value ST
    .... value CD
    .... value CV
    .... value CE
    .... value CO
    .... value SC
    .... value II
    .... value TEL
    .... value AD
    .... value EN
    .... value INT
    .... value REAL
    .... value PQ
    .... value MO
    .... value TS
    .... value IVL_PQ
    .... value IVL_TS
    .... value PIVL_TS
    .... value EIVL_TS
    .... value SXPR_TS
    .... value RTO_PQ_PQ
    .... value:physical-quantity 0..1 PQ
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @unit 1..1 cs 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Unit of Measure
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (preferred)
    ..... @value 0..1 real
    ..... translation 0..1 PQR Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    .... value:coded C 0..1 CD Constraints: 4537-32610
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    ..... @codeSystem 0..1 oid, uuid, ruid
    ..... @codeSystemName 0..1 st
    ..... @codeSystemVersion 0..1 st
    ..... @displayName 0..1 st
    ..... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ..... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ..... originalText 0..1 ED
    ..... qualifier 0..* CR
    ..... translation 0..1 CD Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    ... interpretationCode 0..* CE 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Interpretation
    Binding: CDAObservationInterpretation (required)
    ... methodCode 0..1 CE Binding: ObservationMethod (example)
    ... targetSiteCode 0..1 CD
    ... subject 0..1 Subject
    ... specimen 0..* Specimen
    ... performer 0..* Performer2
    ... author 0..* AuthorParticipation
    ... informant 0..* Informant
    ... participant 0..* Participant2
    ... entryRelationship 0..* EntryRelationship
    ... reference 0..* Reference
    ... precondition 0..* Precondition
    ... sdtcPrecondition2 0..* Precondition2 XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: precondition2 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ... referenceRange 0..* InfrastructureRoot 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Reference Range
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... realmCode 0..* CS
    .... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ..... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ..... @extension 1..1 st
    .... templateId 0..* II
    .... @typeCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActRelationshipType (required)
    Fixed Value: REFV
    .... observationRange 1..1 ObservationRange
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... realmCode 0..* CS
    ..... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ...... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ...... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ...... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ...... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ...... @extension 1..1 st
    ..... templateId 0..* II
    ..... @classCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActClassObservation (required)
    ..... @moodCode 0..1 cs Binding: ActMoodPredicate (required)
    Fixed Value: EVN.CRT
    ..... code 0..1 CD Binding: v3 Code System ActCode (example)
    ..... text 0..1 ED
    ..... value 1..1 When the value is a quantity, then the unit SHOULD be selected from ValueSet UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive.
    ...... value BL
    ...... value ED
    ...... value ST
    ...... value CD
    ...... value CV
    ...... value CE
    ...... value CO
    ...... value SC
    ...... value II
    ...... value TEL
    ...... value AD
    ...... value EN
    ...... value INT
    ...... value REAL
    ...... value PQ
    ...... value MO
    ...... value TS
    ...... value IVL_PQ
    ...... value IVL_TS
    ...... value PIVL_TS
    ...... value EIVL_TS
    ...... value SXPR_TS
    ..... interpretationCode 0..1 CE Binding: CDAObservationInterpretation (required)
    ..... sdtcPrecondition1 0..* InfrastructureRoot XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: precondition1 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ...... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ...... realmCode 0..* CS
    ...... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ....... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ....... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ....... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ....... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ....... @extension 1..1 st
    ...... templateId 0..* II
    ...... @typeCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActRelationshipType (required)
    Fixed Value: PRCN
    ...... conjunctionCode 1..1 CS XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    Binding: RelationshipConjunction (2.0.0) (required)
    ...... criterion1 1..1 Criterion XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    ... sdtcInFulfillmentOf1 0..* InFulfillmentOf1 XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: inFulfillmentOf1 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings

    Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
    Observation.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.templateId:result-obs.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.classCode Base required CDAActClassObservation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.moodCode Base required x_ActMoodDocumentObservation 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2
    Observation.sdtcCategory Base preferred US Core Clinical Result Observation Category 📦8.0.0 US Core v8.0
    Observation.code Base example ObservationType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.code.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.compression Base required CDACompressionAlgorithm 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.integrityCheckAlgorithm Base required IntegrityCheckAlgorithm 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2
    Observation.text.mediaType Base example MediaType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.text.representation Base required CDABinaryDataEncoding 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.statusCode Base required ActStatus 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.statusCode.​code Base required Result Status . 📦20240606 VSAC v0.23
    Observation.priorityCode Base example ActPriority 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.languageCode Base required All Languages 📦5.0.0 FHIR Std.
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​unit Base preferred UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.value:coded.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.interpretationCode Base required CDAObservationInterpretation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.methodCode Base example ObservationMethod 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​typeCode Base required CDAActRelationshipType 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.typeId.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.classCode Base required CDAActClassObservation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.moodCode Base required ActMoodPredicate 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.code Base example v3 Code System ActCode 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.interpretationCode Base required CDAObservationInterpretation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​typeCode Base required CDAActRelationshipType 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​conjunctionCode Base required RelationshipConjunction 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2

    Constraints

    Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
    4537-19212 warning Observation.code This code **SHOULD** be a code from the LOINC that identifies the result observation. If an appropriate LOINC code does not exist, then the local code for this result **SHALL** be sent (CONF:4537-19212). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    4537-32610 warning Observation.value:coded If Observation/value is a CD (**xsi:type="CD"**) the value **SHOULD** be SNOMED-CT or LOINC (CONF:4537-32610). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.96' or codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    II-1 error Observation.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.observationRange.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.typeId An II instance must have either a root or an nullFlavor. root.exists() or nullFlavor.exists()
    shall-code-or-nullflavor error Observation.code SHALL contain either a @code attribute or a @nullFlavor attribute, but not both. (code | nullFlavor).count() = 1
    should-author warning Observation SHOULD contain author author.exists()
    should-interpretationCode warning Observation SHOULD contain interpretationCode interpretationCode.exists()
    should-referenceRange warning Observation SHOULD contain referenceRange referenceRange.exists()
    should-text-ref-value warning Observation SHOULD contain text/reference/@value text.reference.value.exists()
    value-starts-octothorpe error Observation.text.reference If reference/@value is present, it SHALL begin with a '#' and SHALL point to its corresponding narrative value.exists() implies value.startsWith('#')
    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
    .. Observation C 1..1 Observation XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:v3
    Base for all types and resources
    Instance of this type are validated by templateId
    Logical Container: ClinicalDocument (CDA Class)
    Constraints: should-text-ref-value, should-interpretationCode, should-author, should-referenceRange
    ... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ... realmCode 0..* CS
    ... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    .... @displayable 0..1 bl
    .... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    .... @extension 1..1 st
    ... Slices for templateId 1..* II Slice: Unordered, Open by value:root, value:extension
    .... templateId:result-obs 1..1 II
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ..... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Required Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.22.4.2
    ..... @extension 1..1 st Required Pattern: 2023-05-01
    ... @classCode 1..1 cs Binding: CDAActClassObservation (required)
    Fixed Value: OBS
    ... @moodCode 1..1 cs Binding: XActMoodDocumentObservation (2.0.0) (required)
    Fixed Value: EVN
    ... @negationInd 0..1 bl
    ... id 1..* II
    ... sdtcCategory 0..* CD XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: category (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    Binding: US Core Clinical Result Observation Category (preferred)
    ... code C 1..1 CD 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Tests
    Binding: ObservationType (example)
    Additional BindingsPurposeDocumentation
    Common LOINC Lab Codes . Preferred
    Common Lab Tests
    Radiology Procedures (LOINC) . Preferred
    Radiology
    Clinical Tests . Preferred
    Clinical Test

    Constraints: shall-code-or-nullflavor, 4537-19212
    .... (Choice of one) 1..1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    .... @codeSystem 0..1 oid, uuid, ruid
    .... @codeSystemName 0..1 st
    .... @codeSystemVersion 0..1 st
    .... @displayName 0..1 st
    .... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... originalText 0..1 ED
    .... qualifier 0..* CR
    .... translation 0..* CD
    ... derivationExpr 0..1 ST
    ... text 0..1 ED SHOULD reference the portion of section narrative text corresponding to this entry
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... @compression 0..1 cs Binding: CDACompressionAlgorithm (required)
    .... @integrityCheck 0..1 bin
    .... @integrityCheckAlgorithm 0..1 cs Binding: IntegrityCheckAlgorithm (2.0.0) (required)
    .... @language 0..1 cs
    .... @mediaType 0..1 cs Binding: MediaType (example)
    .... @representation 0..1 cs Binding: CDABinaryDataEncoding (required)
    .... xmlText 0..1 st Allows for mixed text content. If @representation='B64', this SHALL be a base64binary string.
    .... reference C 0..1 TEL Constraints: value-starts-octothorpe
    .... thumbnail 0..1 ED
    ... statusCode 1..1 CS 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Status
    Binding: ActStatus (required)
    .... @code 1..1 cs Binding: Result Status . (required)
    .... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ... effectiveTime 1..1 IVL_TS Represents the clinically relevant time of the measurement (e.g., the time a blood pressure reading is obtained, the time the blood sample was obtained for a chemistry test).
    ... priorityCode 0..1 CE Binding: ActPriority (example)
    ... repeatNumber 0..1 IVL_INT
    ... languageCode 0..1 CS Binding: AllLanguages (required)
    ... Slices for value 1..1 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Values/Results - Value can be any type, but certain types have additional rules.
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... value ANY
    .... value BL
    .... value ED
    .... value ST
    .... value CD
    .... value CV
    .... value CE
    .... value CO
    .... value SC
    .... value II
    .... value TEL
    .... value AD
    .... value EN
    .... value INT
    .... value REAL
    .... value PQ
    .... value MO
    .... value TS
    .... value IVL_PQ
    .... value IVL_TS
    .... value PIVL_TS
    .... value EIVL_TS
    .... value SXPR_TS
    .... value RTO_PQ_PQ
    .... value:physical-quantity 0..1 PQ
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @unit 1..1 cs 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Unit of Measure
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (preferred)
    ..... @value 0..1 real
    ..... translation 0..1 PQR Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    .... value:coded C 0..1 CD Constraints: 4537-32610
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    ..... @codeSystem 0..1 oid, uuid, ruid
    ..... @codeSystemName 0..1 st
    ..... @codeSystemVersion 0..1 st
    ..... @displayName 0..1 st
    ..... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ..... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ..... originalText 0..1 ED
    ..... qualifier 0..* CR
    ..... translation 0..1 CD Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    ... interpretationCode 0..* CE 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Interpretation
    Binding: CDAObservationInterpretation (required)
    ... methodCode 0..1 CE Binding: ObservationMethod (example)
    ... targetSiteCode 0..1 CD
    ... subject 0..1 Subject
    ... specimen 0..* Specimen
    ... performer 0..* Performer2
    ... author 0..* AuthorParticipation
    ... informant 0..* Informant
    ... participant 0..* Participant2
    ... entryRelationship 0..* EntryRelationship
    ... reference 0..* Reference
    ... precondition 0..* Precondition
    ... sdtcPrecondition2 0..* Precondition2 XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: precondition2 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ... referenceRange 0..* InfrastructureRoot 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Reference Range
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... realmCode 0..* CS
    .... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ..... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ..... @extension 1..1 st
    .... templateId 0..* II
    .... @typeCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActRelationshipType (required)
    Fixed Value: REFV
    .... observationRange 1..1 ObservationRange
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... realmCode 0..* CS
    ..... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ...... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ...... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ...... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ...... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ...... @extension 1..1 st
    ..... templateId 0..* II
    ..... @classCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActClassObservation (required)
    ..... @moodCode 0..1 cs Binding: ActMoodPredicate (required)
    Fixed Value: EVN.CRT
    ..... code 0..1 CD Binding: v3 Code System ActCode (example)
    ..... text 0..1 ED
    ..... value 1..1 When the value is a quantity, then the unit SHOULD be selected from ValueSet UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive.
    ...... value BL
    ...... value ED
    ...... value ST
    ...... value CD
    ...... value CV
    ...... value CE
    ...... value CO
    ...... value SC
    ...... value II
    ...... value TEL
    ...... value AD
    ...... value EN
    ...... value INT
    ...... value REAL
    ...... value PQ
    ...... value MO
    ...... value TS
    ...... value IVL_PQ
    ...... value IVL_TS
    ...... value PIVL_TS
    ...... value EIVL_TS
    ...... value SXPR_TS
    ..... interpretationCode 0..1 CE Binding: CDAObservationInterpretation (required)
    ..... sdtcPrecondition1 0..* InfrastructureRoot XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: precondition1 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ...... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ...... realmCode 0..* CS
    ...... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ....... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ....... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ....... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ....... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ....... @extension 1..1 st
    ...... templateId 0..* II
    ...... @typeCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActRelationshipType (required)
    Fixed Value: PRCN
    ...... conjunctionCode 1..1 CS XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    Binding: RelationshipConjunction (2.0.0) (required)
    ...... criterion1 1..1 Criterion XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    ... sdtcInFulfillmentOf1 0..* InFulfillmentOf1 XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: inFulfillmentOf1 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings

    Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
    Observation.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.templateId:result-obs.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.classCode Base required CDAActClassObservation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.moodCode Base required x_ActMoodDocumentObservation 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2
    Observation.sdtcCategory Base preferred US Core Clinical Result Observation Category 📦8.0.0 US Core v8.0
    Observation.code Base example ObservationType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.code.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.compression Base required CDACompressionAlgorithm 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.integrityCheckAlgorithm Base required IntegrityCheckAlgorithm 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2
    Observation.text.mediaType Base example MediaType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.text.representation Base required CDABinaryDataEncoding 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.statusCode Base required ActStatus 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.statusCode.​code Base required Result Status . 📦20240606 VSAC v0.23
    Observation.priorityCode Base example ActPriority 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.languageCode Base required All Languages 📦5.0.0 FHIR Std.
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​unit Base preferred UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.value:coded.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.interpretationCode Base required CDAObservationInterpretation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.methodCode Base example ObservationMethod 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​typeCode Base required CDAActRelationshipType 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.typeId.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.classCode Base required CDAActClassObservation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.moodCode Base required ActMoodPredicate 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.code Base example v3 Code System ActCode 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.interpretationCode Base required CDAObservationInterpretation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​typeCode Base required CDAActRelationshipType 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​conjunctionCode Base required RelationshipConjunction 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2

    Constraints

    Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
    4537-19212 warning Observation.code This code **SHOULD** be a code from the LOINC that identifies the result observation. If an appropriate LOINC code does not exist, then the local code for this result **SHALL** be sent (CONF:4537-19212). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    4537-32610 warning Observation.value:coded If Observation/value is a CD (**xsi:type="CD"**) the value **SHOULD** be SNOMED-CT or LOINC (CONF:4537-32610). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.96' or codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    II-1 error Observation.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.observationRange.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.typeId An II instance must have either a root or an nullFlavor. root.exists() or nullFlavor.exists()
    shall-code-or-nullflavor error Observation.code SHALL contain either a @code attribute or a @nullFlavor attribute, but not both. (code | nullFlavor).count() = 1
    should-author warning Observation SHOULD contain author author.exists()
    should-interpretationCode warning Observation SHOULD contain interpretationCode interpretationCode.exists()
    should-referenceRange warning Observation SHOULD contain referenceRange referenceRange.exists()
    should-text-ref-value warning Observation SHOULD contain text/reference/@value text.reference.value.exists()
    value-starts-octothorpe error Observation.text.reference If reference/@value is present, it SHALL begin with a '#' and SHALL point to its corresponding narrative value.exists() implies value.startsWith('#')

    This structure is derived from Observation

    Summary

    Mandatory: 9 elements(2 nested mandatory elements)
    Fixed: 2 elements
    Prohibited: 1 element

    Structures

    This structure refers to these other structures:

    Slices

    This structure defines the following Slices:

    • The element 2 is sliced based on the values of Observation.templateId
    • The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.value

    Differential View

    This structure is derived from Observation

    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
    .. Observation C 1..1 Observation XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:v3
    Base for all types and resources
    Instance of this type are validated by templateId
    Logical Container: ClinicalDocument (CDA Class)
    Constraints: should-text-ref-value, should-interpretationCode, should-author, should-referenceRange
    ... Slices for templateId 1..* II Slice: Unordered, Open by value:root, value:extension
    .... templateId:result-obs 1..1 II
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Required Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.22.4.2
    ..... @extension 1..1 st Required Pattern: 2023-05-01
    ... @classCode 1..1 cs Fixed Value: OBS
    ... @moodCode 1..1 cs Fixed Value: EVN
    ... sdtcCategory 0..* CD Binding: US Core Clinical Result Observation Category (preferred)
    ... code C 1..1 CD 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Tests
    Binding: ObservationType (example)
    Additional BindingsPurposeDocumentation
    Common LOINC Lab Codes . Preferred
    Common Lab Tests
    Radiology Procedures (LOINC) . Preferred
    Radiology
    Clinical Tests . Preferred
    Clinical Test

    Constraints: shall-code-or-nullflavor, 4537-19212
    .... (Choice of one) 1..1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    ... text 0..1 ED SHOULD reference the portion of section narrative text corresponding to this entry
    .... reference C 0..1 TEL Constraints: value-starts-octothorpe
    ... statusCode 1..1 CS 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Status
    .... @nullFlavor 0..0
    .... @code 1..1 cs Binding: Result Status . (required)
    ... effectiveTime 1..1 IVL_TS Represents the clinically relevant time of the measurement (e.g., the time a blood pressure reading is obtained, the time the blood sample was obtained for a chemistry test).
    ... Slices for value 1..1 ANY, BL, ED, ST, CD, CV, CE, CO, SC, II, TEL, AD, EN, INT, REAL, PQ, MO, TS, IVL_PQ, IVL_TS, PIVL_TS, EIVL_TS, SXPR_TS, RTO_PQ_PQ 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Values/Results - Value can be any type, but certain types have additional rules.
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... value:physical-quantity 0..1 PQ
    ..... @unit 1..1 cs 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Unit of Measure
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (preferred)
    ..... translation 0..1 PQR Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    .... value:coded C 0..1 CD Constraints: 4537-32610
    ..... translation 0..1 CD Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    ... interpretationCode 0..* CE 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Interpretation
    ... methodCode 0..1 CE
    ... targetSiteCode 0..1 CD
    ... author 0..* AuthorParticipation
    ... referenceRange 0..* InfrastructureRoot 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Reference Range
    .... observationRange 1..1 ObservationRange
    ..... value 1..1 BL, ED, ST, CD, CV, CE, CO, SC, II, TEL, AD, EN, INT, REAL, PQ, MO, TS, IVL_PQ, IVL_TS, PIVL_TS, EIVL_TS, SXPR_TS When the value is a quantity, then the unit SHOULD be selected from ValueSet UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive.

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings (Differential)

    Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
    Observation.sdtcCategory Base preferred US Core Clinical Result Observation Category 📦8.0.0 US Core v8.0
    Observation.code Base example ObservationType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.statusCode.​code Base required Result Status . 📦20240606 VSAC v0.23
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​unit Base preferred UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5

    Constraints

    Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
    4537-19212 warning Observation.code This code **SHOULD** be a code from the LOINC that identifies the result observation. If an appropriate LOINC code does not exist, then the local code for this result **SHALL** be sent (CONF:4537-19212). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    4537-32610 warning Observation.value:coded If Observation/value is a CD (**xsi:type="CD"**) the value **SHOULD** be SNOMED-CT or LOINC (CONF:4537-32610). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.96' or codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    shall-code-or-nullflavor error Observation.code SHALL contain either a @code attribute or a @nullFlavor attribute, but not both. (code | nullFlavor).count() = 1
    should-author warning Observation SHOULD contain author author.exists()
    should-interpretationCode warning Observation SHOULD contain interpretationCode interpretationCode.exists()
    should-referenceRange warning Observation SHOULD contain referenceRange referenceRange.exists()
    should-text-ref-value warning Observation SHOULD contain text/reference/@value text.reference.value.exists()
    value-starts-octothorpe error Observation.text.reference If reference/@value is present, it SHALL begin with a '#' and SHALL point to its corresponding narrative value.exists() implies value.startsWith('#')

    Key Elements View

    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
    .. Observation C 1..1 Observation XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:v3
    Base for all types and resources
    Instance of this type are validated by templateId
    Logical Container: ClinicalDocument (CDA Class)
    Constraints: should-text-ref-value, should-interpretationCode, should-author, should-referenceRange
    ... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ... realmCode 0..* CS
    ... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    .... @displayable 0..1 bl
    .... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    .... @extension 1..1 st
    ... Slices for templateId 1..* II Slice: Unordered, Open by value:root, value:extension
    .... templateId:result-obs 1..1 II
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ..... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Required Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.22.4.2
    ..... @extension 1..1 st Required Pattern: 2023-05-01
    ... @classCode 1..1 cs Binding: CDAActClassObservation (required)
    Fixed Value: OBS
    ... @moodCode 1..1 cs Binding: XActMoodDocumentObservation (2.0.0) (required)
    Fixed Value: EVN
    ... @negationInd 0..1 bl
    ... id 1..* II
    ... sdtcCategory 0..* CD XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: category (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    Binding: US Core Clinical Result Observation Category (preferred)
    ... code C 1..1 CD 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Tests
    Binding: ObservationType (example)
    Additional BindingsPurposeDocumentation
    Common LOINC Lab Codes . Preferred
    Common Lab Tests
    Radiology Procedures (LOINC) . Preferred
    Radiology
    Clinical Tests . Preferred
    Clinical Test

    Constraints: shall-code-or-nullflavor, 4537-19212
    .... (Choice of one) 1..1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    .... @codeSystem 0..1 oid, uuid, ruid
    .... @codeSystemName 0..1 st
    .... @codeSystemVersion 0..1 st
    .... @displayName 0..1 st
    .... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... originalText 0..1 ED
    .... qualifier 0..* CR
    .... translation 0..* CD
    ... derivationExpr 0..1 ST
    ... text 0..1 ED SHOULD reference the portion of section narrative text corresponding to this entry
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... @compression 0..1 cs Binding: CDACompressionAlgorithm (required)
    .... @integrityCheck 0..1 bin
    .... @integrityCheckAlgorithm 0..1 cs Binding: IntegrityCheckAlgorithm (2.0.0) (required)
    .... @language 0..1 cs
    .... @mediaType 0..1 cs Binding: MediaType (example)
    .... @representation 0..1 cs Binding: CDABinaryDataEncoding (required)
    .... xmlText 0..1 st Allows for mixed text content. If @representation='B64', this SHALL be a base64binary string.
    .... reference C 0..1 TEL Constraints: value-starts-octothorpe
    .... thumbnail 0..1 ED
    ... statusCode 1..1 CS 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Status
    Binding: ActStatus (required)
    .... @code 1..1 cs Binding: Result Status . (required)
    .... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ... effectiveTime 1..1 IVL_TS Represents the clinically relevant time of the measurement (e.g., the time a blood pressure reading is obtained, the time the blood sample was obtained for a chemistry test).
    ... priorityCode 0..1 CE Binding: ActPriority (example)
    ... repeatNumber 0..1 IVL_INT
    ... languageCode 0..1 CS Binding: AllLanguages (required)
    ... Slices for value 1..1 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Values/Results - Value can be any type, but certain types have additional rules.
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... value ANY
    .... value BL
    .... value ED
    .... value ST
    .... value CD
    .... value CV
    .... value CE
    .... value CO
    .... value SC
    .... value II
    .... value TEL
    .... value AD
    .... value EN
    .... value INT
    .... value REAL
    .... value PQ
    .... value MO
    .... value TS
    .... value IVL_PQ
    .... value IVL_TS
    .... value PIVL_TS
    .... value EIVL_TS
    .... value SXPR_TS
    .... value RTO_PQ_PQ
    .... value:physical-quantity 0..1 PQ
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @unit 1..1 cs 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Unit of Measure
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (preferred)
    ..... @value 0..1 real
    ..... translation 0..1 PQR Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    .... value:coded C 0..1 CD Constraints: 4537-32610
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    ..... @codeSystem 0..1 oid, uuid, ruid
    ..... @codeSystemName 0..1 st
    ..... @codeSystemVersion 0..1 st
    ..... @displayName 0..1 st
    ..... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ..... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ..... originalText 0..1 ED
    ..... qualifier 0..* CR
    ..... translation 0..1 CD Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    ... interpretationCode 0..* CE 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Interpretation
    Binding: CDAObservationInterpretation (required)
    ... methodCode 0..1 CE Binding: ObservationMethod (example)
    ... targetSiteCode 0..1 CD
    ... subject 0..1 Subject
    ... specimen 0..* Specimen
    ... performer 0..* Performer2
    ... author 0..* AuthorParticipation
    ... informant 0..* Informant
    ... participant 0..* Participant2
    ... entryRelationship 0..* EntryRelationship
    ... reference 0..* Reference
    ... precondition 0..* Precondition
    ... sdtcPrecondition2 0..* Precondition2 XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: precondition2 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ... referenceRange 0..* InfrastructureRoot 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Reference Range
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... realmCode 0..* CS
    .... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ..... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ..... @extension 1..1 st
    .... templateId 0..* II
    .... @typeCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActRelationshipType (required)
    Fixed Value: REFV
    .... observationRange 1..1 ObservationRange
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... realmCode 0..* CS
    ..... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ...... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ...... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ...... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ...... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ...... @extension 1..1 st
    ..... templateId 0..* II
    ..... @classCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActClassObservation (required)
    ..... @moodCode 0..1 cs Binding: ActMoodPredicate (required)
    Fixed Value: EVN.CRT
    ..... code 0..1 CD Binding: v3 Code System ActCode (example)
    ..... text 0..1 ED
    ..... value 1..1 When the value is a quantity, then the unit SHOULD be selected from ValueSet UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive.
    ...... value BL
    ...... value ED
    ...... value ST
    ...... value CD
    ...... value CV
    ...... value CE
    ...... value CO
    ...... value SC
    ...... value II
    ...... value TEL
    ...... value AD
    ...... value EN
    ...... value INT
    ...... value REAL
    ...... value PQ
    ...... value MO
    ...... value TS
    ...... value IVL_PQ
    ...... value IVL_TS
    ...... value PIVL_TS
    ...... value EIVL_TS
    ...... value SXPR_TS
    ..... interpretationCode 0..1 CE Binding: CDAObservationInterpretation (required)
    ..... sdtcPrecondition1 0..* InfrastructureRoot XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: precondition1 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ...... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ...... realmCode 0..* CS
    ...... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ....... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ....... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ....... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ....... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ....... @extension 1..1 st
    ...... templateId 0..* II
    ...... @typeCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActRelationshipType (required)
    Fixed Value: PRCN
    ...... conjunctionCode 1..1 CS XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    Binding: RelationshipConjunction (2.0.0) (required)
    ...... criterion1 1..1 Criterion XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    ... sdtcInFulfillmentOf1 0..* InFulfillmentOf1 XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: inFulfillmentOf1 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings

    Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
    Observation.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.templateId:result-obs.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.classCode Base required CDAActClassObservation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.moodCode Base required x_ActMoodDocumentObservation 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2
    Observation.sdtcCategory Base preferred US Core Clinical Result Observation Category 📦8.0.0 US Core v8.0
    Observation.code Base example ObservationType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.code.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.compression Base required CDACompressionAlgorithm 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.integrityCheckAlgorithm Base required IntegrityCheckAlgorithm 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2
    Observation.text.mediaType Base example MediaType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.text.representation Base required CDABinaryDataEncoding 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.statusCode Base required ActStatus 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.statusCode.​code Base required Result Status . 📦20240606 VSAC v0.23
    Observation.priorityCode Base example ActPriority 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.languageCode Base required All Languages 📦5.0.0 FHIR Std.
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​unit Base preferred UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.value:coded.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.interpretationCode Base required CDAObservationInterpretation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.methodCode Base example ObservationMethod 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​typeCode Base required CDAActRelationshipType 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.typeId.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.classCode Base required CDAActClassObservation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.moodCode Base required ActMoodPredicate 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.code Base example v3 Code System ActCode 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.interpretationCode Base required CDAObservationInterpretation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​typeCode Base required CDAActRelationshipType 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​conjunctionCode Base required RelationshipConjunction 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2

    Constraints

    Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
    4537-19212 warning Observation.code This code **SHOULD** be a code from the LOINC that identifies the result observation. If an appropriate LOINC code does not exist, then the local code for this result **SHALL** be sent (CONF:4537-19212). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    4537-32610 warning Observation.value:coded If Observation/value is a CD (**xsi:type="CD"**) the value **SHOULD** be SNOMED-CT or LOINC (CONF:4537-32610). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.96' or codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    II-1 error Observation.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.observationRange.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.typeId An II instance must have either a root or an nullFlavor. root.exists() or nullFlavor.exists()
    shall-code-or-nullflavor error Observation.code SHALL contain either a @code attribute or a @nullFlavor attribute, but not both. (code | nullFlavor).count() = 1
    should-author warning Observation SHOULD contain author author.exists()
    should-interpretationCode warning Observation SHOULD contain interpretationCode interpretationCode.exists()
    should-referenceRange warning Observation SHOULD contain referenceRange referenceRange.exists()
    should-text-ref-value warning Observation SHOULD contain text/reference/@value text.reference.value.exists()
    value-starts-octothorpe error Observation.text.reference If reference/@value is present, it SHALL begin with a '#' and SHALL point to its corresponding narrative value.exists() implies value.startsWith('#')

    Snapshot View

    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
    .. Observation C 1..1 Observation XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:v3
    Base for all types and resources
    Instance of this type are validated by templateId
    Logical Container: ClinicalDocument (CDA Class)
    Constraints: should-text-ref-value, should-interpretationCode, should-author, should-referenceRange
    ... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ... realmCode 0..* CS
    ... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    .... @displayable 0..1 bl
    .... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    .... @extension 1..1 st
    ... Slices for templateId 1..* II Slice: Unordered, Open by value:root, value:extension
    .... templateId:result-obs 1..1 II
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ..... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Required Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.22.4.2
    ..... @extension 1..1 st Required Pattern: 2023-05-01
    ... @classCode 1..1 cs Binding: CDAActClassObservation (required)
    Fixed Value: OBS
    ... @moodCode 1..1 cs Binding: XActMoodDocumentObservation (2.0.0) (required)
    Fixed Value: EVN
    ... @negationInd 0..1 bl
    ... id 1..* II
    ... sdtcCategory 0..* CD XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: category (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    Binding: US Core Clinical Result Observation Category (preferred)
    ... code C 1..1 CD 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Tests
    Binding: ObservationType (example)
    Additional BindingsPurposeDocumentation
    Common LOINC Lab Codes . Preferred
    Common Lab Tests
    Radiology Procedures (LOINC) . Preferred
    Radiology
    Clinical Tests . Preferred
    Clinical Test

    Constraints: shall-code-or-nullflavor, 4537-19212
    .... (Choice of one) 1..1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    .... @codeSystem 0..1 oid, uuid, ruid
    .... @codeSystemName 0..1 st
    .... @codeSystemVersion 0..1 st
    .... @displayName 0..1 st
    .... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... originalText 0..1 ED
    .... qualifier 0..* CR
    .... translation 0..* CD
    ... derivationExpr 0..1 ST
    ... text 0..1 ED SHOULD reference the portion of section narrative text corresponding to this entry
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... @compression 0..1 cs Binding: CDACompressionAlgorithm (required)
    .... @integrityCheck 0..1 bin
    .... @integrityCheckAlgorithm 0..1 cs Binding: IntegrityCheckAlgorithm (2.0.0) (required)
    .... @language 0..1 cs
    .... @mediaType 0..1 cs Binding: MediaType (example)
    .... @representation 0..1 cs Binding: CDABinaryDataEncoding (required)
    .... xmlText 0..1 st Allows for mixed text content. If @representation='B64', this SHALL be a base64binary string.
    .... reference C 0..1 TEL Constraints: value-starts-octothorpe
    .... thumbnail 0..1 ED
    ... statusCode 1..1 CS 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Status
    Binding: ActStatus (required)
    .... @code 1..1 cs Binding: Result Status . (required)
    .... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    .... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ... effectiveTime 1..1 IVL_TS Represents the clinically relevant time of the measurement (e.g., the time a blood pressure reading is obtained, the time the blood sample was obtained for a chemistry test).
    ... priorityCode 0..1 CE Binding: ActPriority (example)
    ... repeatNumber 0..1 IVL_INT
    ... languageCode 0..1 CS Binding: AllLanguages (required)
    ... Slices for value 1..1 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Values/Results - Value can be any type, but certain types have additional rules.
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... value ANY
    .... value BL
    .... value ED
    .... value ST
    .... value CD
    .... value CV
    .... value CE
    .... value CO
    .... value SC
    .... value II
    .... value TEL
    .... value AD
    .... value EN
    .... value INT
    .... value REAL
    .... value PQ
    .... value MO
    .... value TS
    .... value IVL_PQ
    .... value IVL_TS
    .... value PIVL_TS
    .... value EIVL_TS
    .... value SXPR_TS
    .... value RTO_PQ_PQ
    .... value:physical-quantity 0..1 PQ
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @unit 1..1 cs 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Unit of Measure
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (preferred)
    ..... @value 0..1 real
    ..... translation 0..1 PQR Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    .... value:coded C 0..1 CD Constraints: 4537-32610
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @code 0..1 cs
    ..... @codeSystem 0..1 oid, uuid, ruid
    ..... @codeSystemName 0..1 st
    ..... @codeSystemVersion 0..1 st
    ..... @displayName 0..1 st
    ..... @sdtcValueSet 0..1 oid XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSet (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ..... @sdtcValueSetVersion 0..1 st XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: valueSetVersion (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ..... originalText 0..1 ED
    ..... qualifier 0..* CR
    ..... translation 0..1 CD Can be used to represent the original results as output by the lab
    ... interpretationCode 0..* CE 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Interpretation
    Binding: CDAObservationInterpretation (required)
    ... methodCode 0..1 CE Binding: ObservationMethod (example)
    ... targetSiteCode 0..1 CD
    ... subject 0..1 Subject
    ... specimen 0..* Specimen
    ... performer 0..* Performer2
    ... author 0..* AuthorParticipation
    ... informant 0..* Informant
    ... participant 0..* Participant2
    ... entryRelationship 0..* EntryRelationship
    ... reference 0..* Reference
    ... precondition 0..* Precondition
    ... sdtcPrecondition2 0..* Precondition2 XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: precondition2 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ... referenceRange 0..* InfrastructureRoot 𝗨𝗦𝗖𝗗𝗜: Result Reference Range
    .... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    .... realmCode 0..* CS
    .... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ..... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ..... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ..... @extension 1..1 st
    .... templateId 0..* II
    .... @typeCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActRelationshipType (required)
    Fixed Value: REFV
    .... observationRange 1..1 ObservationRange
    ..... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ..... realmCode 0..* CS
    ..... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ...... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ...... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ...... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ...... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ...... @extension 1..1 st
    ..... templateId 0..* II
    ..... @classCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActClassObservation (required)
    ..... @moodCode 0..1 cs Binding: ActMoodPredicate (required)
    Fixed Value: EVN.CRT
    ..... code 0..1 CD Binding: v3 Code System ActCode (example)
    ..... text 0..1 ED
    ..... value 1..1 When the value is a quantity, then the unit SHOULD be selected from ValueSet UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive.
    ...... value BL
    ...... value ED
    ...... value ST
    ...... value CD
    ...... value CV
    ...... value CE
    ...... value CO
    ...... value SC
    ...... value II
    ...... value TEL
    ...... value AD
    ...... value EN
    ...... value INT
    ...... value REAL
    ...... value PQ
    ...... value MO
    ...... value TS
    ...... value IVL_PQ
    ...... value IVL_TS
    ...... value PIVL_TS
    ...... value EIVL_TS
    ...... value SXPR_TS
    ..... interpretationCode 0..1 CE Binding: CDAObservationInterpretation (required)
    ..... sdtcPrecondition1 0..* InfrastructureRoot XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: precondition1 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)
    ...... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ...... realmCode 0..* CS
    ...... typeId C 0..1 II Constraints: II-1
    ....... @nullFlavor 0..1 cs Binding: CDANullFlavor (required)
    ....... @assigningAuthorityName 0..1 st
    ....... @displayable 0..1 bl
    ....... @root 1..1 oid, uuid, ruid Fixed Value: 2.16.840.1.113883.1.3
    ....... @extension 1..1 st
    ...... templateId 0..* II
    ...... @typeCode 0..1 cs Binding: CDAActRelationshipType (required)
    Fixed Value: PRCN
    ...... conjunctionCode 1..1 CS XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    Binding: RelationshipConjunction (2.0.0) (required)
    ...... criterion1 1..1 Criterion XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    ... sdtcInFulfillmentOf1 0..* InFulfillmentOf1 XML Namespace: urn:hl7-org:sdtc
    XML: inFulfillmentOf1 (urn:hl7-org:sdtc)

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings

    Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
    Observation.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.templateId:result-obs.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.classCode Base required CDAActClassObservation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.moodCode Base required x_ActMoodDocumentObservation 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2
    Observation.sdtcCategory Base preferred US Core Clinical Result Observation Category 📦8.0.0 US Core v8.0
    Observation.code Base example ObservationType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.code.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.compression Base required CDACompressionAlgorithm 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.text.integrityCheckAlgorithm Base required IntegrityCheckAlgorithm 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2
    Observation.text.mediaType Base example MediaType 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.text.representation Base required CDABinaryDataEncoding 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.statusCode Base required ActStatus 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.statusCode.​code Base required Result Status . 📦20240606 VSAC v0.23
    Observation.priorityCode Base example ActPriority 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.languageCode Base required All Languages 📦5.0.0 FHIR Std.
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.value:physical-quantity.​unit Base preferred UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.value:coded.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.interpretationCode Base required CDAObservationInterpretation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.methodCode Base example ObservationMethod 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​typeCode Base required CDAActRelationshipType 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.typeId.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.classCode Base required CDAActClassObservation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.moodCode Base required ActMoodPredicate 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.code Base example v3 Code System ActCode 📦3.0.0 THO v6.5
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.interpretationCode Base required CDAObservationInterpretation 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​typeId.nullFlavor Base required CDANullFlavor 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​typeCode Base required CDAActRelationshipType 📦2.0.1-sd Clinical Document Architecture v2.0
    Observation.referenceRange.​observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.​conjunctionCode Base required RelationshipConjunction 📍2.0.0 THO v5.2

    Constraints

    Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
    4537-19212 warning Observation.code This code **SHOULD** be a code from the LOINC that identifies the result observation. If an appropriate LOINC code does not exist, then the local code for this result **SHALL** be sent (CONF:4537-19212). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    4537-32610 warning Observation.value:coded If Observation/value is a CD (**xsi:type="CD"**) the value **SHOULD** be SNOMED-CT or LOINC (CONF:4537-32610). codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.96' or codeSystem = '2.16.840.1.113883.6.1'
    II-1 error Observation.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.observationRange.typeId, Observation.referenceRange.observationRange.sdtcPrecondition1.typeId An II instance must have either a root or an nullFlavor. root.exists() or nullFlavor.exists()
    shall-code-or-nullflavor error Observation.code SHALL contain either a @code attribute or a @nullFlavor attribute, but not both. (code | nullFlavor).count() = 1
    should-author warning Observation SHOULD contain author author.exists()
    should-interpretationCode warning Observation SHOULD contain interpretationCode interpretationCode.exists()
    should-referenceRange warning Observation SHOULD contain referenceRange referenceRange.exists()
    should-text-ref-value warning Observation SHOULD contain text/reference/@value text.reference.value.exists()
    value-starts-octothorpe error Observation.text.reference If reference/@value is present, it SHALL begin with a '#' and SHALL point to its corresponding narrative value.exists() implies value.startsWith('#')

    This structure is derived from Observation

    Summary

    Mandatory: 9 elements(2 nested mandatory elements)
    Fixed: 2 elements
    Prohibited: 1 element

    Structures

    This structure refers to these other structures:

    Slices

    This structure defines the following Slices:

    • The element 2 is sliced based on the values of Observation.templateId
    • The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.value

     

    Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel