Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
meta		0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
security	S	0..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended +
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
coding		0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
code		0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
subject	S	1..1	Reference(Patient | MDS Device profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
Slices for effective[x]	S	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime		0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod		0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
start		0..1	dateTime	Starting time with inclusive boundary
end		0..1	dateTime	End time with inclusive boundary, if not ongoing
value[x]		0..0
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part
device	S	1..1	Reference(Numeric DeviceMetric profile)	(Measurement) Device
component	C	1..*	BackboneElement	Component results pocd-obs-1: If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
coding		0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
code		0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Slices for value[x]	SC	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity		0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
value		1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
system		0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing
interpretation	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: Observation interpretation codes (extensible)
referenceRange	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
low		0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high		0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.component.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretation

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
pocd-obs-1	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
security	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
code	Σ	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient | MDS Device profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
Slices for effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod	Σ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
start	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	Starting time with inclusive boundary
end	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	End time with inclusive boundary, if not ongoing
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
device	S	1..1	Reference(Numeric DeviceMetric profile)	(Measurement) Device
component	ΣC	1..*	BackboneElement	Component results pocd-obs-1: If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
code	Σ	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: Observation interpretation codes (extensible)
referenceRange	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.meta.security	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.component.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.component.value[x]:valueQuantity.comparator	required	QuantityComparator
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretation

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
pocd-obs-1	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
versionId	Σ	0..1	id	Version specific identifier
lastUpdated	Σ	0..1	instant	When the resource version last changed
source	Σ	0..1	uri	Identifies where the resource comes from
profile	Σ	0..*	canonical(StructureDefinition)	Profiles this resource claims to conform to
security	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
tag	Σ	0..*	Coding	Tags applied to this resource Binding: CommonTags (example): Codes that represent various types of tags, commonly workflow-related; e.g. "Needs review by Dr. Jones".
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	0..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient | MDS Device profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	ΣTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
Slices for effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod	Σ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
start	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	Starting time with inclusive boundary
end	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	End time with inclusive boundary, if not ongoing
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device	S	1..1	Reference(Numeric DeviceMetric profile)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
component	ΣC	1..*	BackboneElement	Component results pocd-obs-1: If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	0..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: Observation interpretation codes (extensible)
referenceRange	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.meta.security	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.meta.tag	example	CommonTags
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.component.value[x]:valueQuantity.comparator	required	QuantityComparator
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretation
Observation.component.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.component.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes

The profile defines the following rules:

• Observation.code and Observation.component.code shall have a coding from the ISO/IEEE 11073 MDC Metric nomenclature if there is an appropriate code available. Depending on the type of measurement, the Vital Signs profiles may require additional LOINC codes.
• Observation.subject shall be present and refer to a Patient resource or MDS Device resource.
• Either Observation.effectiveDateTime or Observation.effectivePeriod shall be present.
• Observation.value[x] must not be present.
• Observation.device shall be present and refer to the Numeric DeviceMetric resource which this observation belongs to.
• For each component, Observation.component.valueQuantity or, if there is no value, Observation.component.dataAbsentReason shall be present. Values shall have a UCUM unit code.
• Observation.component.interpretation coding includes measurement status.

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
meta		0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
security	S	0..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended +
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
coding		0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
code		0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
subject	S	1..1	Reference(Patient | MDS Device profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
Slices for effective[x]	S	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime		0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod		0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
start		0..1	dateTime	Starting time with inclusive boundary
end		0..1	dateTime	End time with inclusive boundary, if not ongoing
value[x]		0..0
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part
device	S	1..1	Reference(Numeric DeviceMetric profile)	(Measurement) Device
component	C	1..*	BackboneElement	Component results pocd-obs-1: If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
coding		0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
code		0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Slices for value[x]	SC	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity		0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
value		1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
system		0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing
interpretation	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: Observation interpretation codes (extensible)
referenceRange	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
low		0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high		0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.component.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretation

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
pocd-obs-1	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
security	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
code	Σ	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient | MDS Device profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
Slices for effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod	Σ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
start	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	Starting time with inclusive boundary
end	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	End time with inclusive boundary, if not ongoing
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
device	S	1..1	Reference(Numeric DeviceMetric profile)	(Measurement) Device
component	ΣC	1..*	BackboneElement	Component results pocd-obs-1: If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
code	Σ	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: Observation interpretation codes (extensible)
referenceRange	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.meta.security	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.component.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.component.value[x]:valueQuantity.comparator	required	QuantityComparator
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretation

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
pocd-obs-1	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
versionId	Σ	0..1	id	Version specific identifier
lastUpdated	Σ	0..1	instant	When the resource version last changed
source	Σ	0..1	uri	Identifies where the resource comes from
profile	Σ	0..*	canonical(StructureDefinition)	Profiles this resource claims to conform to
security	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
tag	Σ	0..*	Coding	Tags applied to this resource Binding: CommonTags (example): Codes that represent various types of tags, commonly workflow-related; e.g. "Needs review by Dr. Jones".
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	0..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient | MDS Device profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	ΣTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
Slices for effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod	Σ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
start	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	Starting time with inclusive boundary
end	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	End time with inclusive boundary, if not ongoing
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device	S	1..1	Reference(Numeric DeviceMetric profile)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
component	ΣC	1..*	BackboneElement	Component results pocd-obs-1: If there is no value a dataAbsentReason shall be present
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Metric nomenclature (extensible)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	0..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: Observation interpretation codes (extensible)
referenceRange	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.meta.security	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.meta.tag	example	CommonTags
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	extensible	MdcMetric
Observation.component.value[x]:valueQuantity.comparator	required	QuantityComparator
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretation
Observation.component.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.component.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes

The profile defines the following rules:

• Observation.code and Observation.component.code shall have a coding from the ISO/IEEE 11073 MDC Metric nomenclature if there is an appropriate code available. Depending on the type of measurement, the Vital Signs profiles may require additional LOINC codes.
• Observation.subject shall be present and refer to a Patient resource or MDS Device resource.
• Either Observation.effectiveDateTime or Observation.effectivePeriod shall be present.
• Observation.value[x] must not be present.
• Observation.device shall be present and refer to the Numeric DeviceMetric resource which this observation belongs to.
• For each component, Observation.component.valueQuantity or, if there is no value, Observation.component.dataAbsentReason shall be present. Values shall have a UCUM unit code.
• Observation.component.interpretation coding includes measurement status.