US Core Implementation Guide
8.0.0-ballot - STU8 Ballot United States of America flag

US Core Implementation Guide, published by HL7 International / Cross-Group Projects. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 8.0.0-ballot built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7/US-Core/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: US Core Smoking Status Observation Profile

Official URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-smokingstatus Version: 8.0.0-ballot
Standards status: Trial-use Maturity Level: 3 Computable Name: USCoreSmokingStatusProfile
Other Identifiers: OID:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.40.2.42.62

Copyright/Legal: Used by permission of HL7 International, all rights reserved Creative Commons License

The US Core Smoking Status Observation Profile inherits from the FHIR Observation resource; refer to it for scope and usage definitions. This profile meets the requirements of the U.S. Core Data for Interoperability (USCDI) Smoking Status Data Element. This profile sets minimum expectations for the Observation resource to record, search, and fetch smoking status data associated with a patient. It specifies which core elements, extensions, vocabularies, and value sets SHALL be present in the resource and constrains how the elements are used. Providing the floor for standards development for specific use cases promotes interoperability and adoption.

Example Usage Scenarios:

The following are example usage scenarios for the US Core-SmokingStatus profile:

  • Query for the Smoking Status of a patient
  • Record or update the Smoking Status of a patient

Mandatory and Must Support Data Elements

The following data elements must always be present (Mandatory definition) or must be supported if the data is present in the sending system (Must Support definition). They are presented below in a simple human-readable explanation. Profile-specific guidance and examples are provided as well. The Formal Views below provides the formal summary, definitions, and terminology requirements.

Each Observation Must Have:

  1. a status
  2. a category code of "social-history"
  3. a code for smoking observation*
  4. a patient
  5. when the observation occurred
  6. a performer*
  7. a result value*

* see guidance below

Profile Specific Implementation Guidance:

  • * The Smoking Status Type Value Set on Observation.code is a "starter" set of concepts to capture smoking status, and the Smoking Status Comprehensive Value Set for Observation.valueCodeableConcept contains terms representing nicotine, smoking, vaping, chew, and snuff use to encourage the use of this profile for other smoking and nicotine questions.
  • *The profile elements Observation.performer and Observation.device communicate the individual level provenance author data corresponding to the U.S. Core Data for Interoperability (USCDI) Provenance Author Data Elements.

Usage:

Changes since version 7.0.0:

  • The data elements list has changed

    • Formal Views of Profile Content

    Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

    This structure is derived from Observation

    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
    .. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
    us-core-24: Observation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    us-core-25: For Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    ... status S 1..1 code final | entered-in-error
    Binding: US Core Status for Smoking Status Observation (required)
    ... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this
    .... category:SocialHistory S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Required Pattern: At least the following
    ..... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
    Fixed Value: (complex)
    ...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
    Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
    ...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
    Fixed Value: social-history
    ... code SC 1..1 CodeableConcept Smoking Status
    Binding: Smoking Status Type . (extensible): Smoking status type

    ... subject S 1..1 Reference(US Core Patient Profile) Who and/or what the observation is about
    ... effective[x] S 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
    .... effectiveDateTime dateTime
    .... effectivePeriod Period
    ... performer S 0..* Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile S | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile) Who is responsible for the observation
    ... Slices for value[x] SC 1..1 Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period Actual result
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... value[x]:valueQuantity S 0..1 Quantity Quantitative Response
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (required)
    .... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept S 0..1 CodeableConcept Coded Response
    Binding: Smoking status comprehensive . (extensible): Smoking status comprehensive


    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings (Differential)

    PathConformanceValueSetURI
    Observation.statusrequiredUSCoreObservationSmokingStatusStatus
    http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-observation-smoking-status-status
    from this IG
    Observation.codeextensibleSmokingStatusType .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.6
    Observation.value[x]:valueQuantityrequiredUnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (a valid code from UCUM)
    http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive
    Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConceptextensibleSmokingStatusComprehensive .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.3

    Constraints

    IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
    us-core-24errorObservationObservation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    : code.coding.where(code in '72166-2'|'11367-0').exists() implies value.is(CodeableConcept)
    us-core-25warningObservationFor Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    : code.coding.where(code in '401201003'|'782516008').exists() implies value.is(Quantity)
    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
    .. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
    dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources
    dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource
    dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated
    dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label
    dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management
    obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present
    obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
    us-core-24: Observation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    us-core-25: For Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    ... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
    ... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code final | entered-in-error
    Binding: US Core Status for Smoking Status Observation (required)
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this
    Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    .... category:SocialHistory S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children

    Required Pattern: At least the following
    ..... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
    Fixed Value: (complex)
    ...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
    Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
    ...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
    Fixed Value: social-history
    ... code SΣC 1..1 CodeableConcept Smoking Status
    Binding: Smoking Status Type . (extensible): Smoking status type


    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(US Core Patient Profile) Who and/or what the observation is about
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... effective[x] SΣ 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    .... effectiveDateTime dateTime
    .... effectivePeriod Period
    ... performer SΣ 0..* Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile) Who is responsible for the observation
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... Slices for value[x] SΣC 1..1 Actual result
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    .... valueQuantity Quantity
    .... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
    .... valueString string
    .... valueBoolean boolean
    .... valueInteger integer
    .... valueRange Range
    .... valueRatio Ratio
    .... valueSampledData SampledData
    .... valueTime time
    .... valueDateTime dateTime
    .... valuePeriod Period
    .... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity Quantitative Response
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (required)
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    .... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept SΣC 0..1 CodeableConcept Coded Response
    Binding: Smoking status comprehensive . (extensible): Smoking status comprehensive


    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings

    PathConformanceValueSet / CodeURI
    Observation.statusrequiredUSCoreObservationSmokingStatusStatus
    http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-observation-smoking-status-status
    from this IG
    Observation.categorypreferredObservationCategoryCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.category:SocialHistorypreferredPattern: social-history
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.codeextensibleSmokingStatusType .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.6
    Observation.value[x]:valueQuantityrequiredUnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (a valid code from UCUM)
    http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive
    Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConceptextensibleSmokingStatusComprehensive .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.3

    Constraints

    IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
    us-core-24errorObservationObservation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    : code.coding.where(code in '72166-2'|'11367-0').exists() implies value.is(CodeableConcept)
    us-core-25warningObservationFor Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    : code.coding.where(code in '401201003'|'782516008').exists() implies value.is(Quantity)
    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
    .. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
    obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present
    obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
    us-core-24: Observation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    us-core-25: For Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    ... id Σ 0..1 id Logical id of this artifact
    ... meta Σ 0..1 Meta Metadata about the resource
    ... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
    ... language 0..1 code Language of the resource content
    Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.

    Additional BindingsPurpose
    AllLanguages Max Binding
    ... text 0..1 Narrative Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
    ... contained 0..* Resource Contained, inline Resources
    ... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    ... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
    ... identifier Σ 0..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
    ... basedOn Σ 0..* Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) Fulfills plan, proposal or order
    ... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) Part of referenced event
    ... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code final | entered-in-error
    Binding: US Core Status for Smoking Status Observation (required)
    ... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this
    Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


    .... category:SocialHistory S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.



    Required Pattern: At least the following
    ..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
    ..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    ..... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
    Fixed Value: (complex)
    ...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
    ...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    ...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
    Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
    ...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
    ...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
    Fixed Value: social-history
    ...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
    ...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
    ..... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
    ... code SΣC 1..1 CodeableConcept Smoking Status
    Binding: Smoking Status Type . (extensible): Smoking status type

    ... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(US Core Patient Profile) Who and/or what the observation is about
    ... focus Σ 0..* Reference(Resource) What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
    ... encounter Σ 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
    ... effective[x] SΣ 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
    .... effectiveDateTime dateTime
    .... effectivePeriod Period
    ... issued Σ 0..1 instant Date/Time this version was made available
    ... performer SΣ 0..* Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile S | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile) Who is responsible for the observation
    ... Slices for value[x] SΣC 1..1 Actual result
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... valueQuantity Quantity
    .... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
    .... valueString string
    .... valueBoolean boolean
    .... valueInteger integer
    .... valueRange Range
    .... valueRatio Ratio
    .... valueSampledData SampledData
    .... valueTime time
    .... valueDateTime dateTime
    .... valuePeriod Period
    .... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity Quantitative Response
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (required)
    .... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept SΣC 0..1 CodeableConcept Coded Response
    Binding: Smoking status comprehensive . (extensible): Smoking status comprehensive

    ... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the result is missing
    Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

    ... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
    Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


    ... note 0..* Annotation Comments about the observation
    ... bodySite 0..1 CodeableConcept Observed body part
    Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.

    ... method 0..1 CodeableConcept How it was done
    Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.

    ... specimen 0..1 Reference(Specimen) Specimen used for this observation
    ... device 0..1 Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) (Measurement) Device
    ... referenceRange C 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
    obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
    .... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
    .... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    .... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
    .... low C 0..1 SimpleQuantity Low Range, if relevant
    .... high C 0..1 SimpleQuantity High Range, if relevant
    .... type 0..1 CodeableConcept Reference range qualifier
    Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.

    .... appliesTo 0..* CodeableConcept Reference range population
    Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.


    .... age 0..1 Range Applicable age range, if relevant
    .... text 0..1 string Text based reference range in an observation
    ... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
    ... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) Related measurements the observation is made from
    ... component Σ 0..* BackboneElement Component results
    .... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
    .... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    .... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
    .... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
    Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.

    .... value[x] Σ 0..1 Actual component result
    ..... valueQuantity Quantity
    ..... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
    ..... valueString string
    ..... valueBoolean boolean
    ..... valueInteger integer
    ..... valueRange Range
    ..... valueRatio Ratio
    ..... valueSampledData SampledData
    ..... valueTime time
    ..... valueDateTime dateTime
    ..... valuePeriod Period
    .... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
    Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

    .... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
    Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


    .... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings

    PathConformanceValueSet / CodeURI
    Observation.languagepreferredCommonLanguages
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages
    from the FHIR Standard
    Additional Bindings Purpose
    AllLanguages Max Binding
    Observation.statusrequiredUSCoreObservationSmokingStatusStatus
    http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-observation-smoking-status-status
    from this IG
    Observation.categorypreferredObservationCategoryCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.category:SocialHistorypreferredPattern: social-history
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.codeextensibleSmokingStatusType .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.6
    Observation.value[x]:valueQuantityrequiredUnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (a valid code from UCUM)
    http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive
    Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConceptextensibleSmokingStatusComprehensive .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.3
    Observation.dataAbsentReasonextensibleDataAbsentReason
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.interpretationextensibleObservationInterpretationCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.bodySiteexampleSNOMEDCTBodyStructures
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.methodexampleObservationMethods
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.referenceRange.typepreferredObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.referenceRange.appliesToexampleObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.component.codeexampleLOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.component.dataAbsentReasonextensibleDataAbsentReason
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.component.interpretationextensibleObservationInterpretationCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
    from the FHIR Standard

    Constraints

    IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
    us-core-24errorObservationObservation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    : code.coding.where(code in '72166-2'|'11367-0').exists() implies value.is(CodeableConcept)
    us-core-25warningObservationFor Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    : code.coding.where(code in '401201003'|'782516008').exists() implies value.is(Quantity)

    Differential View

    This structure is derived from Observation

    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
    .. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
    us-core-24: Observation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    us-core-25: For Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    ... status S 1..1 code final | entered-in-error
    Binding: US Core Status for Smoking Status Observation (required)
    ... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this
    .... category:SocialHistory S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Required Pattern: At least the following
    ..... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
    Fixed Value: (complex)
    ...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
    Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
    ...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
    Fixed Value: social-history
    ... code SC 1..1 CodeableConcept Smoking Status
    Binding: Smoking Status Type . (extensible): Smoking status type

    ... subject S 1..1 Reference(US Core Patient Profile) Who and/or what the observation is about
    ... effective[x] S 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
    .... effectiveDateTime dateTime
    .... effectivePeriod Period
    ... performer S 0..* Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile S | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile) Who is responsible for the observation
    ... Slices for value[x] SC 1..1 Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period Actual result
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... value[x]:valueQuantity S 0..1 Quantity Quantitative Response
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (required)
    .... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept S 0..1 CodeableConcept Coded Response
    Binding: Smoking status comprehensive . (extensible): Smoking status comprehensive


    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings (Differential)

    PathConformanceValueSetURI
    Observation.statusrequiredUSCoreObservationSmokingStatusStatus
    http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-observation-smoking-status-status
    from this IG
    Observation.codeextensibleSmokingStatusType .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.6
    Observation.value[x]:valueQuantityrequiredUnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (a valid code from UCUM)
    http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive
    Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConceptextensibleSmokingStatusComprehensive .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.3

    Constraints

    IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
    us-core-24errorObservationObservation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    : code.coding.where(code in '72166-2'|'11367-0').exists() implies value.is(CodeableConcept)
    us-core-25warningObservationFor Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    : code.coding.where(code in '401201003'|'782516008').exists() implies value.is(Quantity)

    Key Elements View

    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
    .. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
    dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources
    dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource
    dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated
    dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label
    dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management
    obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present
    obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
    us-core-24: Observation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    us-core-25: For Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    ... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
    ... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code final | entered-in-error
    Binding: US Core Status for Smoking Status Observation (required)
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this
    Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    .... category:SocialHistory S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children

    Required Pattern: At least the following
    ..... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
    Fixed Value: (complex)
    ...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
    Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
    ...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
    Fixed Value: social-history
    ... code SΣC 1..1 CodeableConcept Smoking Status
    Binding: Smoking Status Type . (extensible): Smoking status type


    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(US Core Patient Profile) Who and/or what the observation is about
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... effective[x] SΣ 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    .... effectiveDateTime dateTime
    .... effectivePeriod Period
    ... performer SΣ 0..* Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile) Who is responsible for the observation
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    ... Slices for value[x] SΣC 1..1 Actual result
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    .... valueQuantity Quantity
    .... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
    .... valueString string
    .... valueBoolean boolean
    .... valueInteger integer
    .... valueRange Range
    .... valueRatio Ratio
    .... valueSampledData SampledData
    .... valueTime time
    .... valueDateTime dateTime
    .... valuePeriod Period
    .... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity Quantitative Response
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (required)
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    .... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept SΣC 0..1 CodeableConcept Coded Response
    Binding: Smoking status comprehensive . (extensible): Smoking status comprehensive


    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings

    PathConformanceValueSet / CodeURI
    Observation.statusrequiredUSCoreObservationSmokingStatusStatus
    http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-observation-smoking-status-status
    from this IG
    Observation.categorypreferredObservationCategoryCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.category:SocialHistorypreferredPattern: social-history
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.codeextensibleSmokingStatusType .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.6
    Observation.value[x]:valueQuantityrequiredUnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (a valid code from UCUM)
    http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive
    Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConceptextensibleSmokingStatusComprehensive .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.3

    Constraints

    IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
    us-core-24errorObservationObservation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    : code.coding.where(code in '72166-2'|'11367-0').exists() implies value.is(CodeableConcept)
    us-core-25warningObservationFor Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    : code.coding.where(code in '401201003'|'782516008').exists() implies value.is(Quantity)

    Snapshot View

    NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
    .. Observation C 0..* Observation Measurements and simple assertions
    obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present
    obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
    us-core-24: Observation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    us-core-25: For Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    ... id Σ 0..1 id Logical id of this artifact
    ... meta Σ 0..1 Meta Metadata about the resource
    ... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri A set of rules under which this content was created
    ... language 0..1 code Language of the resource content
    Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.

    Additional BindingsPurpose
    AllLanguages Max Binding
    ... text 0..1 Narrative Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
    ... contained 0..* Resource Contained, inline Resources
    ... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    ... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored
    ... identifier Σ 0..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
    ... basedOn Σ 0..* Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) Fulfills plan, proposal or order
    ... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) Part of referenced event
    ... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code final | entered-in-error
    Binding: US Core Status for Smoking Status Observation (required)
    ... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this
    Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


    .... category:SocialHistory S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
    Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.



    Required Pattern: At least the following
    ..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
    ..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    ..... coding 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
    Fixed Value: (complex)
    ...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
    ...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    ...... system 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
    Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
    ...... version 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
    ...... code 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
    Fixed Value: social-history
    ...... display 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
    ...... userSelected 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
    ..... text 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
    ... code SΣC 1..1 CodeableConcept Smoking Status
    Binding: Smoking Status Type . (extensible): Smoking status type

    ... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(US Core Patient Profile) Who and/or what the observation is about
    ... focus Σ 0..* Reference(Resource) What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
    ... encounter Σ 0..1 Reference(Encounter) Healthcare event during which this observation is made
    ... effective[x] SΣ 1..1 Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
    .... effectiveDateTime dateTime
    .... effectivePeriod Period
    ... issued Σ 0..1 instant Date/Time this version was made available
    ... performer SΣ 0..* Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile S | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile) Who is responsible for the observation
    ... Slices for value[x] SΣC 1..1 Actual result
    Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
    .... valueQuantity Quantity
    .... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
    .... valueString string
    .... valueBoolean boolean
    .... valueInteger integer
    .... valueRange Range
    .... valueRatio Ratio
    .... valueSampledData SampledData
    .... valueTime time
    .... valueDateTime dateTime
    .... valuePeriod Period
    .... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity Quantitative Response
    Binding: UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (required)
    .... value[x]:valueCodeableConcept SΣC 0..1 CodeableConcept Coded Response
    Binding: Smoking status comprehensive . (extensible): Smoking status comprehensive

    ... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the result is missing
    Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

    ... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
    Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


    ... note 0..* Annotation Comments about the observation
    ... bodySite 0..1 CodeableConcept Observed body part
    Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.

    ... method 0..1 CodeableConcept How it was done
    Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.

    ... specimen 0..1 Reference(Specimen) Specimen used for this observation
    ... device 0..1 Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) (Measurement) Device
    ... referenceRange C 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
    obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
    .... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
    .... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    .... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
    .... low C 0..1 SimpleQuantity Low Range, if relevant
    .... high C 0..1 SimpleQuantity High Range, if relevant
    .... type 0..1 CodeableConcept Reference range qualifier
    Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.

    .... appliesTo 0..* CodeableConcept Reference range population
    Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.


    .... age 0..1 Range Applicable age range, if relevant
    .... text 0..1 string Text based reference range in an observation
    ... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
    ... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) Related measurements the observation is made from
    ... component Σ 0..* BackboneElement Component results
    .... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
    .... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
    .... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
    .... code Σ 1..1 CodeableConcept Type of component observation (code / type)
    Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.

    .... value[x] Σ 0..1 Actual component result
    ..... valueQuantity Quantity
    ..... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
    ..... valueString string
    ..... valueBoolean boolean
    ..... valueInteger integer
    ..... valueRange Range
    ..... valueRatio Ratio
    ..... valueSampledData SampledData
    ..... valueTime time
    ..... valueDateTime dateTime
    ..... valuePeriod Period
    .... dataAbsentReason C 0..1 CodeableConcept Why the component result is missing
    Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

    .... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
    Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


    .... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result

    doco Documentation for this format

    Terminology Bindings

    PathConformanceValueSet / CodeURI
    Observation.languagepreferredCommonLanguages
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages
    from the FHIR Standard
    Additional Bindings Purpose
    AllLanguages Max Binding
    Observation.statusrequiredUSCoreObservationSmokingStatusStatus
    http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-observation-smoking-status-status
    from this IG
    Observation.categorypreferredObservationCategoryCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.category:SocialHistorypreferredPattern: social-history
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.codeextensibleSmokingStatusType .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.6
    Observation.value[x]:valueQuantityrequiredUnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive (a valid code from UCUM)
    http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-UnitsOfMeasureCaseSensitive
    Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConceptextensibleSmokingStatusComprehensive .
    http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1267.3
    Observation.dataAbsentReasonextensibleDataAbsentReason
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.interpretationextensibleObservationInterpretationCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.bodySiteexampleSNOMEDCTBodyStructures
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.methodexampleObservationMethods
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.referenceRange.typepreferredObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.referenceRange.appliesToexampleObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.component.codeexampleLOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.component.dataAbsentReasonextensibleDataAbsentReason
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
    from the FHIR Standard
    Observation.component.interpretationextensibleObservationInterpretationCodes
    http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
    from the FHIR Standard

    Constraints

    IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
    us-core-24errorObservationObservation.code 72166-2|Tobacco smoking status or 11367-0|History of Tobacco use SHALL use valueCodeableConcept
    : code.coding.where(code in '72166-2'|'11367-0').exists() implies value.is(CodeableConcept)
    us-core-25warningObservationFor Observation.code 401201003|Cigarette pack-years or 782516008|Number of calculated smoking pack years SHOULD use valueQuantity
    : code.coding.where(code in '401201003'|'782516008').exists() implies value.is(Quantity)

     

    Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron

    Notes:

    Quick Start

    Below is an overview of the required Server RESTful FHIR interactions for this profile - for example, search and read operations - when supporting the US Core interactions to access this profile's information (Profile Support + Interaction Support). Note that systems that support only US Core Profiles (Profile Only Support) are not required to support these interactions. See the US Core Server CapabilityStatement for a complete list of supported RESTful interactions for this IG.

    • See the Scopes Format section for a description of the SMART scopes syntax.
    • See the Search Syntax section for a description of the US Core search syntax.
    • See the General Requirements section for additional rules and expectations when a Server requires status parameters.
    • See the General Guidance section for additional guidance on searching for multiple patients.

    US Core Scopes

    Servers providing access to social history data SHALL support these US Core SMART Scopes:

    • resource level scopes: <patient|user|system>/Observation.rs

    • granular scopes: <patient|user|system>/Observation.rs?category=http://terminology.hl7.org//CodeSystem-observation-category|social-history

    Mandatory Search Parameters:

    The following search parameters and search parameter combinations SHALL be supported:

    1. SHALL support searching using the combination of the patient and category search parameters:

      GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|laboratory

      Example:

      1. GET [base]/Observation?patient=1134281&amp;category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|social-history

      Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and a category code = laboratory (how to search by reference and how to search by token)

    2. SHALL support searching using the combination of the patient and code search parameters:
      • including optional support for OR search on code (e.g.code={system|}[code],{system|}[code],...)

      GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&code={system|}[code]{,{system|}[code],...}

      Example:

      1. GET [base]/Observation?patient=1134281&amp;code=http://loinc.org|72166-2

      Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and observation code(s). SHOULD support search by multiple report codes. The Observation code parameter searches `Observation.code only. (how to search by reference and how to search by token)

    3. SHALL support searching using the combination of the patient and category and date search parameters:
      • including support for these date comparators: gt,lt,ge,le
      • including optional support for AND search on date (e.g.date=[date]&date=[date]]&...)

      GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|laboratory&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]{&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]&...}

      Example:

      1. GET [base]Observation?patient=555580&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|social-history&date=ge2018-03-14T00:00:00Z

      Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and date and a category code = laboratory (how to search by reference and how to search by token and how to search by date)

    Optional Search Parameters:

    The following search parameter combinations SHOULD be supported:

    1. SHOULD support searching using the combination of the patient and category and status search parameters:
      • including support for OR search on status (e.g.status={system|}[code],{system|}[code],...)

      GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|laboratory&status={system|}[code]{,{system|}[code],...}

      Example:

      1. GET [base]/Observation?patient=1134281&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|social-history&status=final

      Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and category = laboratory and status (how to search by reference and how to search by token)

    2. SHOULD support searching using the combination of the patient and category and _lastUpdated search parameters:
      • including support for these _lastUpdated comparators: gt,lt,ge,le
      • including optional support for AND search on _lastUpdated (e.g._lastUpdated=[date]&_lastUpdated=[date]]&...)

      GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category={system|}[code]&_lastUpdated={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]{&_lastUpdated={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]&...}

      Example:

      1. GET [base]Observation?patient=555580&http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|social-history&_lastUpdated=ge2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

      Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and category and _lastUpdated. See the US Core General Guidance page for Searching Using lastUpdated. (how to search by reference and how to search by token and how to search by date)

    3. SHOULD support searching using the combination of the patient and code and date search parameters:
      • including optional support for OR search on code (e.g.code={system|}[code],{system|}[code],...)
      • including support for these date comparators: gt,lt,ge,le
      • including optional support for AND search on date (e.g.date=[date]&date=[date]]&...)

      GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&code={system|}[code]{,{system|}[code],...}&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]{&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]&...}

      Example:

      1. GET [base]Observation?patient=555580&code=http://loinc.org|72166-2&date=ge2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

      Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and date and report code(s). SHOULD support search by multiple report codes. (how to search by reference and how to search by token and how to search by date)