Definition for Code SystemProteinModificationTypeExample

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<CodeSystem xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="protein-modification-type"/> 
  <meta> 
    <lastUpdated value="2026-07-04T18:53:58.933+00:00"/> 
  </meta> 
  <text> 
    <status value="generated"/> 
    <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <p class="res-header-id">
        <b> Generated Narrative: CodeSystem protein-modification-type</b> 
      </p> 
      <a name="protein-modification-type"> </a> 
      <a name="hcprotein-modification-type"> </a> 
      <p> This case-sensitive code system 
        <code> http://hl7.org/fhir/protein-modification-type</code>  defines the following codes:
      </p> 
      <table class="codes">
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">
            <b> Code</b> 
          </td> 
          <td> 
            <b> Display</b> 
          </td> 
          <td> 
            <b> Definition</b> 
          </td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">PEGylated
            <a name="protein-modification-type-PEGylated"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> PEGylated</td> 
          <td> Conjugated to one or more polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains for half-life extension.
             Examples: pegfilgrastim, peginterferon, certolizumab pegol.</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">lipidated
            <a name="protein-modification-type-lipidated"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Lipidated</td> 
          <td> Conjugated to a fatty acid chain (acylation) for half-life extension via albumin
             binding. Examples: semaglutide, liraglutide, insulin detemir, insulin degludec.</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">Fc-fused
            <a name="protein-modification-type-Fc-fused"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Fc fusion</td> 
          <td> Fused to an immunoglobulin Fc region for half-life extension and effector function.
             Examples: etanercept, abatacept, aflibercept, dulaglutide.</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">albumin-fused
            <a name="protein-modification-type-albumin-fused"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Albumin fusion</td> 
          <td> Fused to human serum albumin for half-life extension. Example: albiglutide.</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">drug-conjugated
            <a name="protein-modification-type-drug-conjugated"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Drug-conjugated (ADC)</td> 
          <td> Conjugated to a small-molecule drug payload via a linker (antibody-drug conjugate).
             Examples: trastuzumab emtansine, brentuximab vedotin, gemtuzumab ozogamicin.</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">polysaccharide-conjugated
            <a name="protein-modification-type-polysaccharide-conjugated"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Polysaccharide-conjugated</td> 
          <td> Conjugated to a polysaccharide antigen for vaccine immunogenicity. Examples: Hib,
             pneumococcal and meningococcal conjugate vaccines.</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">glycoengineered
            <a name="protein-modification-type-glycoengineered"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Glycoengineered</td> 
          <td> Glycan structure engineered (e.g. afucosylated) to alter biological activity. Examples:
             obinutuzumab, mogamulizumab (enhanced ADCC).</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">amino-acid-substituted
            <a name="protein-modification-type-amino-acid-substituted"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Amino acid substituted</td> 
          <td> Sequence carries one or more amino acid substitutions relative to a natural or
             parent protein. Examples: insulin analogs lispro, aspart, glargine.</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">truncated
            <a name="protein-modification-type-truncated"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Truncated</td> 
          <td> Sequence is shortened relative to the parent protein.</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">biotinylated
            <a name="protein-modification-type-biotinylated"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Biotinylated</td> 
          <td> Covalently labelled with biotin. Typical for research or diagnostic reagents.</td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">fluorescent-labeled
            <a name="protein-modification-type-fluorescent-labeled"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Fluorescent labelled</td> 
          <td> Covalently labelled with a fluorescent dye. Typical for imaging or flow-cytometry
             reagents.</td> 
        </tr> 
      </table> 
    </div> 
  </text> 
  <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg">
    <valueCode value="brr"/> 
  </extension> 
  <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-standards-status">
    <valueCode value="informative"/> 
  </extension> 
  <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fmm">
    <valueInteger value="1"/> 
  </extension> 
  <url value="http://hl7.org/fhir/protein-modification-type"/> 
  <version value="6.0.0-ballot4"/> 
  <name value="ProteinModificationTypeExample"/> 
  <title value="Protein Modification Type"/> 
  <status value="active"/> 
  <experimental value="true"/> 
  <date value="2026-06-30"/> 
  <publisher value="HL7 (FHIR Project)"/> 
  <contact> 
    <telecom> 
      <system value="url"/> 
      <value value="http://hl7.org/fhir"/> 
    </telecom> 
    <telecom> 
      <system value="email"/> 
      <value value="fhir@lists.hl7.org"/> 
    </telecom> 
  </contact> 
  <description value="A high-level summary of how a protein has been modified, e.g. PEGylation, lipidation,
   Fc fusion. Useful for categorising modified biologics without enumerating the detailed
   chemistry."/> 
  <jurisdiction> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm"/> 
      <code value="001"/> 
      <display value="World"/> 
    </coding> 
  </jurisdiction> 
  <caseSensitive value="true"/> 
  <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/protein-modification-type"/> 
  <content value="complete"/> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="PEGylated"/> 
    <display value="PEGylated"/> 
    <definition value="Conjugated to one or more polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains for half-life extension.
     Examples: pegfilgrastim, peginterferon, certolizumab pegol."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="lipidated"/> 
    <display value="Lipidated"/> 
    <definition value="Conjugated to a fatty acid chain (acylation) for half-life extension via albumin
     binding. Examples: semaglutide, liraglutide, insulin detemir, insulin degludec."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="Fc-fused"/> 
    <display value="Fc fusion"/> 
    <definition value="Fused to an immunoglobulin Fc region for half-life extension and effector function.
     Examples: etanercept, abatacept, aflibercept, dulaglutide."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="albumin-fused"/> 
    <display value="Albumin fusion"/> 
    <definition value="Fused to human serum albumin for half-life extension. Example: albiglutide."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="drug-conjugated"/> 
    <display value="Drug-conjugated (ADC)"/> 
    <definition value="Conjugated to a small-molecule drug payload via a linker (antibody-drug conjugate).
     Examples: trastuzumab emtansine, brentuximab vedotin, gemtuzumab ozogamicin."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="polysaccharide-conjugated"/> 
    <display value="Polysaccharide-conjugated"/> 
    <definition value="Conjugated to a polysaccharide antigen for vaccine immunogenicity. Examples: Hib,
     pneumococcal and meningococcal conjugate vaccines."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="glycoengineered"/> 
    <display value="Glycoengineered"/> 
    <definition value="Glycan structure engineered (e.g. afucosylated) to alter biological activity. Examples:
     obinutuzumab, mogamulizumab (enhanced ADCC)."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="amino-acid-substituted"/> 
    <display value="Amino acid substituted"/> 
    <definition value="Sequence carries one or more amino acid substitutions relative to a natural or
     parent protein. Examples: insulin analogs lispro, aspart, glargine."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="truncated"/> 
    <display value="Truncated"/> 
    <definition value="Sequence is shortened relative to the parent protein."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="biotinylated"/> 
    <display value="Biotinylated"/> 
    <definition value="Covalently labelled with biotin. Typical for research or diagnostic reagents."/> 
  </concept> 
  <concept> 
    <code value="fluorescent-labeled"/> 
    <display value="Fluorescent labelled"/> 
    <definition value="Covalently labelled with a fluorescent dye. Typical for imaging or flow-cytometry
     reagents."/> 
  </concept> 
</CodeSystem>