AU Base Implementation Guide
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AU Base Implementation Guide, published by HL7 Australia. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 4.2.1-ci-build built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/hl7au/au-fhir-base/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: AUBasePractitioner - Detailed Descriptions

Page standards status: Trial-use Maturity Level: 3

Definitions for the au-practitioner resource profile.

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Practitioner
ShortA practitioner in an Australian healthcare context
Invariantsinv-pra-2: Individual gender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply (extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').value.memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/gender-identity-response-1'))
inv-pra-3: Individual pronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply (extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').value.memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/australian-pronouns-1'))
2. Practitioner.extension
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
  • 4. Practitioner.extension:genderIdentity
    Slice NamegenderIdentity
    ShortGender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply
    Comments

    Individual Gender identity Gender Identity Response (Extensible). See Australian Bureau of Statics (ABS) Standard for Sex, Gender, Variations of Sex Characteristics and Sexual Orientation Variables, 2020 for further materials.

    TypeExtension(Individual Gender Identity) (Complex Extension)
    6. Practitioner.extension:individualPronouns
    Slice NameindividualPronouns
    ShortPronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply
    Comments

    Individual Pronouns Australian Pronouns (Extensible).

    TypeExtension(Individual Pronouns) (Complex Extension)
    8. Practitioner.extension:recordedSexOrGender
    Slice NamerecordedSexOrGender
    TypeExtension(Person Recorded Sex Or Gender) (Complex Extension)
    10. Practitioner.identifier
    NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
    TypeIdentifier(Identifier, AU HPI-I, AU PBS Prescriber Number, AU Care Agency Employee Identifier, AU Ahpra Registration Number)
    12. Practitioner.address
    Comments

    The address is intended to describe postal addresses for administrative purposes, not to describe absolute geographical coordinates. Postal addresses are often used as proxies for physical locations (also see the Location resource).

    TypeAddress(Address, Australian Address)
    14. Practitioner.qualification
    Invariantsinv-pra-0: A qualification shall only have Ahpra Profession details if the code is Ahpra Profession (extension('http://hl7.org.au/fhir/StructureDefinition/ahpraprofession-details').exists() implies code.coding.where(system='http://terminology.hl7.org.au/CodeSystem/v2-0360' and code='AUAHPRAProfession').exists())
    inv-pra-1: A qualification shall only have Ahpra Registration details if the code is Ahpra Registration (extension('http://hl7.org.au/fhir/StructureDefinition/ahpraregistration-details').exists() implies code.coding.where(system='http://terminology.hl7.org.au/CodeSystem/v2-0360' and code='AUAHPRARegistration').exists())
    16. Practitioner.qualification.extension
    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.qualification.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
    • value @ url
    • 18. Practitioner.qualification.extension:ahpraProfession-details
      Slice NameahpraProfession-details
      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-0
      TypeExtension(Ahpra Profession Details) (Complex Extension)
      20. Practitioner.qualification.extension:ahpraRegistration-details
      Slice NameahpraRegistration-details
      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pat-1
      TypeExtension(Ahpra Registration Details) (Complex Extension)
      22. Practitioner.qualification.identifier
      NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
      TypeIdentifier(Identifier, AU Ahpra Registration Number)
      24. Practitioner.qualification.code
      BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from hl7VS-degreeLicenseCertificate - AU Extended
      (preferred to http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/v2-0360-extended)
      26. Practitioner.communication
      BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Common Languages in Australia .
      (extensible to https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/common-languages-australia-2)

      Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

      0. Practitioner
      Definition

      A person who is directly or indirectly involved in the provisioning of healthcare.

      ShortA practitioner in an Australian healthcare contextA person with a formal responsibility in the provisioning of healthcare or related services
      Control0..*
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
      dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
      dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
      dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
      dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
      inv-pra-2: Individual gender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply (extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').value.memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/gender-identity-response-1'))
      inv-pra-3: Individual pronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply (extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').value.memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/australian-pronouns-1'))
      2. Practitioner.implicitRules
      Definition

      A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

      ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
      Comments

      Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

      Control0..1
      Typeuri
      Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      4. Practitioner.extension
      Definition

      An Extension


      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

      ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
      Comments

      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

      Control0..*
      TypeExtension
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Alternate Namesextensions, user content
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
      • value @ url
      • 6. Practitioner.extension:genderIdentity
        Slice NamegenderIdentity
        Definition

        An individual's personal sense of being a man, woman, boy, girl, nonbinary, or something else.

        ShortGender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply
        Comments

        Individual Gender identity Gender Identity Response (Extensible). See Australian Bureau of Statics (ABS) Standard for Sex, Gender, Variations of Sex Characteristics and Sexual Orientation Variables, 2020 for further materials.

        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-3
        TypeExtension(Individual Gender Identity) (Complex Extension)
        Is Modifierfalse
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        8. Practitioner.extension:individualPronouns
        Slice NameindividualPronouns
        Definition

        The pronouns to use when referring to an individual in verbal or written communication.

        ShortPronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply
        Comments

        Individual Pronouns Australian Pronouns (Extensible).

        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-1
        TypeExtension(Individual Pronouns) (Complex Extension)
        Is Modifierfalse
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        10. Practitioner.extension:recordedSexOrGender
        Slice NamerecordedSexOrGender
        Definition

        A sex or gender property for the individual from a document or other record

        ShortA recorded sex or gender property for the individual
        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeExtension(Person Recorded Sex Or Gender) (Complex Extension)
        Is Modifierfalse
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        12. Practitioner.modifierExtension
        Definition

        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

        Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

        ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control0..*
        TypeExtension
        Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
        Summaryfalse
        Requirements

        Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        14. Practitioner.identifier
        Definition

        An identifier - identifies some entity uniquely and unambiguously. Typically this is used for business identifiers.


        An identifier that applies to this person in this role.

        ShortAn identifier intended for computationAn identifier for the person as this agent
        NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeIdentifier(Identifier, AU HPI-I, AU PBS Prescriber Number, AU Care Agency Employee Identifier, AU Ahpra Registration Number)
        Is Modifierfalse
        Requirements

        Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        16. Practitioner.address
        Definition

        An address expressed using postal conventions (as opposed to GPS or other location definition formats). This data type may be used to convey addresses for use in delivering mail as well as for visiting locations which might not be valid for mail delivery. There are a variety of postal address formats defined around the world.


        Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address). Work addresses are not typically entered in this property as they are usually role dependent.

        ShortAn address expressed using postal conventions (as opposed to GPS or other location definition formats)Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address)
        Comments

        The address is intended to describe postal addresses for administrative purposes, not to describe absolute geographical coordinates. Postal addresses are often used as proxies for physical locations (also see the Location resource).


        The PractitionerRole does not have an address value on it, as it is expected that the location property be used for this purpose (which has an address).

        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1, inv-pra-1
        TypeAddress(Address, Australian Address)
        Is Modifierfalse
        Requirements

        The home/mailing address of the practitioner is often required for employee administration purposes, and also for some rostering services where the start point (practitioners home) can be used in calculations.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        18. Practitioner.qualification
        Definition

        The official certifications, training, and licenses that authorize or otherwise pertain to the provision of care by the practitioner. For example, a medical license issued by a medical board authorizing the practitioner to practice medicine within a certian locality.

        ShortCertification, licenses, or training pertaining to the provision of care
        Control0..*
        TypeBackboneElement
        Is Modifierfalse
        Summaryfalse
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        inv-pra-0: A qualification shall only have Ahpra Profession details if the code is Ahpra Profession (extension('http://hl7.org.au/fhir/StructureDefinition/ahpraprofession-details').exists() implies code.coding.where(system='http://terminology.hl7.org.au/CodeSystem/v2-0360' and code='AUAHPRAProfession').exists())
        inv-pra-1: A qualification shall only have Ahpra Registration details if the code is Ahpra Registration (extension('http://hl7.org.au/fhir/StructureDefinition/ahpraregistration-details').exists() implies code.coding.where(system='http://terminology.hl7.org.au/CodeSystem/v2-0360' and code='AUAHPRARegistration').exists())
        20. Practitioner.qualification.extension
        Definition

        An Extension


        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

        ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control0..*
        TypeExtension
        Is Modifierfalse
        Summaryfalse
        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.qualification.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
        • value @ url
        • 22. Practitioner.qualification.extension:ahpraProfession-details
          Slice NameahpraProfession-details
          Definition

          An Extension

          ShortAhpra Profession Details
          Control0..1
          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1, inv-pra-0
          TypeExtension(Ahpra Profession Details) (Complex Extension)
          Is Modifierfalse
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
          24. Practitioner.qualification.extension:ahpraRegistration-details
          Slice NameahpraRegistration-details
          Definition

          Details on the Ahpra registration of profession.

          ShortAhpra Registration Details
          Control0..1
          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1, inv-pat-1
          TypeExtension(Ahpra Registration Details) (Complex Extension)
          Is Modifierfalse
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
          26. Practitioner.qualification.modifierExtension
          Definition

          May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

          Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

          ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
          Comments

          There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

          Control0..*
          TypeExtension
          Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
          Summarytrue
          Requirements

          Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

          Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
          28. Practitioner.qualification.identifier
          Definition

          An identifier - identifies some entity uniquely and unambiguously. Typically this is used for business identifiers.


          An identifier that applies to this person's qualification in this role.

          ShortAn identifier intended for computationAn identifier for this qualification for the practitioner
          NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
          Control0..*
          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
          TypeIdentifier(Identifier, AU Ahpra Registration Number)
          Is Modifierfalse
          Requirements

          Often, specific identities are assigned for the qualification.

          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          30. Practitioner.qualification.code
          Definition

          Coded representation of the qualification.

          ShortCoded representation of the qualification
          Control1..1
          This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-0, inv-pat-1
          BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from For example codes, see hl7VS-degreeLicenseCertificate - AU Extendedhttp://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v2-2.7-0360
          (preferred to http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/v2-0360-extended)
          TypeCodeableConcept
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summaryfalse
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          32. Practitioner.communication
          Definition

          A language the practitioner can use in patient communication.

          ShortA language the practitioner can use in patient communication
          Comments

          The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.

          Control0..*
          BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from The codes SHOULD be taken from Common Languages in Australia .http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages
          (extensible to https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/common-languages-australia-2)
          TypeCodeableConcept
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summaryfalse
          Requirements

          Knowing which language a practitioner speaks can help in facilitating communication with patients.

          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))

          Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

          0. Practitioner
          Definition

          A person who is directly or indirectly involved in the provisioning of healthcare.

          ShortA practitioner in an Australian healthcare context
          Control0..*
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summaryfalse
          Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
          dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
          dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
          dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
          dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
          inv-pra-2: Individual gender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply (extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').value.memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/gender-identity-response-1'))
          inv-pra-3: Individual pronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply (extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').value.memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/australian-pronouns-1'))
          2. Practitioner.id
          Definition

          The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

          ShortLogical id of this artifact
          Comments

          The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.

          Control0..1
          Typeid
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summarytrue
          4. Practitioner.meta
          Definition

          The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

          ShortMetadata about the resource
          Control0..1
          TypeMeta
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summarytrue
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          6. Practitioner.implicitRules
          Definition

          A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

          ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
          Comments

          Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

          Control0..1
          Typeuri
          Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
          Summarytrue
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          8. Practitioner.language
          Definition

          The base language in which the resource is written.

          ShortLanguage of the resource content
          Comments

          Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

          Control0..1
          BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages
          (preferred to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages)

          A human language.

          Additional BindingsPurpose
          AllLanguagesMax Binding
          Typecode
          Is Modifierfalse
          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
          Summaryfalse
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          10. Practitioner.text
          Definition

          A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

          ShortText summary of the resource, for human interpretation
          Comments

          Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.

          Control0..1
          TypeNarrative
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summaryfalse
          Alternate Namesnarrative, html, xhtml, display
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          12. Practitioner.contained
          Definition

          These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.

          ShortContained, inline Resources
          Comments

          This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

          Control0..*
          TypeResource
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summaryfalse
          Alternate Namesinline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
          14. Practitioner.extension
          Definition

          An Extension

          ShortExtension
          Control0..*
          TypeExtension
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summaryfalse
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
          • value @ url
          • 16. Practitioner.extension:genderIdentity
            Slice NamegenderIdentity
            Definition

            An individual's personal sense of being a man, woman, boy, girl, nonbinary, or something else.

            ShortGender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply
            Comments

            Individual Gender identity Gender Identity Response (Extensible). See Australian Bureau of Statics (ABS) Standard for Sex, Gender, Variations of Sex Characteristics and Sexual Orientation Variables, 2020 for further materials.

            Control0..*
            This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-3
            TypeExtension(Individual Gender Identity) (Complex Extension)
            Is Modifierfalse
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            18. Practitioner.extension:individualPronouns
            Slice NameindividualPronouns
            Definition

            The pronouns to use when referring to an individual in verbal or written communication.

            ShortPronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply
            Comments

            Individual Pronouns Australian Pronouns (Extensible).

            Control0..*
            This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-1
            TypeExtension(Individual Pronouns) (Complex Extension)
            Is Modifierfalse
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            20. Practitioner.extension:recordedSexOrGender
            Slice NamerecordedSexOrGender
            Definition

            A sex or gender property for the individual from a document or other record

            ShortA recorded sex or gender property for the individual
            Control0..*
            This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
            TypeExtension(Person Recorded Sex Or Gender) (Complex Extension)
            Is Modifierfalse
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            22. Practitioner.modifierExtension
            Definition

            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

            Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

            ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
            Comments

            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

            Control0..*
            TypeExtension
            Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
            Summaryfalse
            Requirements

            Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

            Alternate Namesextensions, user content
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            24. Practitioner.identifier
            Definition

            An identifier - identifies some entity uniquely and unambiguously. Typically this is used for business identifiers.

            ShortAn identifier intended for computation
            NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
            Control0..*
            This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
            TypeIdentifier(Identifier, AU HPI-I, AU PBS Prescriber Number, AU Care Agency Employee Identifier, AU Ahpra Registration Number)
            Is Modifierfalse
            Requirements

            Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            26. Practitioner.active
            Definition

            Whether this practitioner's record is in active use.

            ShortWhether this practitioner's record is in active use
            Comments

            If the practitioner is not in use by one organization, then it should mark the period on the PractitonerRole with an end date (even if they are active) as they may be active in another role.

            Control0..1
            Typeboolean
            Is Modifierfalse
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Need to be able to mark a practitioner record as not to be used because it was created in error.

            Meaning if MissingThis resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            28. Practitioner.name
            Definition

            The name(s) associated with the practitioner.

            ShortThe name(s) associated with the practitioner
            Comments

            The selection of the use property should ensure that there is a single usual name specified, and others use the nickname (alias), old, or other values as appropriate.

            In general, select the value to be used in the ResourceReference.display based on this:

            1. There is more than 1 name
            2. Use = usual
            3. Period is current to the date of the usage
            4. Use = official
            5. Other order as decided by internal business rules.
            Control0..*
            TypeHumanName
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            The name(s) that a Practitioner is known by. Where there are multiple, the name that the practitioner is usually known as should be used in the display.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            30. Practitioner.telecom
            Definition

            A contact detail for the practitioner, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.

            ShortA contact detail for the practitioner (that apply to all roles)
            Comments

            Person may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and to help with identification. These typically will have home numbers, or mobile numbers that are not role specific.

            Control0..*
            TypeContactPoint
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Need to know how to reach a practitioner independent to any roles the practitioner may have.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            32. Practitioner.address
            Definition

            An address expressed using postal conventions (as opposed to GPS or other location definition formats). This data type may be used to convey addresses for use in delivering mail as well as for visiting locations which might not be valid for mail delivery. There are a variety of postal address formats defined around the world.

            ShortAn address expressed using postal conventions (as opposed to GPS or other location definition formats)
            Comments

            The address is intended to describe postal addresses for administrative purposes, not to describe absolute geographical coordinates. Postal addresses are often used as proxies for physical locations (also see the Location resource).

            Control0..*
            This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1, inv-pra-1
            TypeAddress(Address, Australian Address)
            Is Modifierfalse
            Requirements

            The home/mailing address of the practitioner is often required for employee administration purposes, and also for some rostering services where the start point (practitioners home) can be used in calculations.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            34. Practitioner.gender
            Definition

            Administrative Gender - the gender that the person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.

            Shortmale | female | other | unknown
            Control0..1
            BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AdministrativeGender
            (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|4.0.1)

            The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.

            Typecode
            Is Modifierfalse
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Needed to address the person correctly.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            36. Practitioner.birthDate
            Definition

            The date of birth for the practitioner.

            ShortThe date on which the practitioner was born
            Control0..1
            Typedate
            Is Modifierfalse
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Needed for identification.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            38. Practitioner.photo
            Definition

            Image of the person.

            ShortImage of the person
            Control0..*
            TypeAttachment
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summaryfalse
            Requirements

            Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of patients and personnel. Fits with newer social media usage too.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            40. Practitioner.qualification
            Definition

            The official certifications, training, and licenses that authorize or otherwise pertain to the provision of care by the practitioner. For example, a medical license issued by a medical board authorizing the practitioner to practice medicine within a certian locality.

            ShortCertification, licenses, or training pertaining to the provision of care
            Control0..*
            TypeBackboneElement
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summaryfalse
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            inv-pra-0: A qualification shall only have Ahpra Profession details if the code is Ahpra Profession (extension('http://hl7.org.au/fhir/StructureDefinition/ahpraprofession-details').exists() implies code.coding.where(system='http://terminology.hl7.org.au/CodeSystem/v2-0360' and code='AUAHPRAProfession').exists())
            inv-pra-1: A qualification shall only have Ahpra Registration details if the code is Ahpra Registration (extension('http://hl7.org.au/fhir/StructureDefinition/ahpraregistration-details').exists() implies code.coding.where(system='http://terminology.hl7.org.au/CodeSystem/v2-0360' and code='AUAHPRARegistration').exists())
            42. Practitioner.qualification.id
            Definition

            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
            Control0..1
            Typestring
            Is Modifierfalse
            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
            Summaryfalse
            44. Practitioner.qualification.extension
            Definition

            An Extension

            ShortExtension
            Control0..*
            TypeExtension
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summaryfalse
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.qualification.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
            • value @ url
            • 46. Practitioner.qualification.extension:ahpraProfession-details
              Slice NameahpraProfession-details
              Definition

              An Extension

              ShortAhpra Profession Details
              Control0..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1, inv-pra-0
              TypeExtension(Ahpra Profession Details) (Complex Extension)
              Is Modifierfalse
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
              48. Practitioner.qualification.extension:ahpraRegistration-details
              Slice NameahpraRegistration-details
              Definition

              Details on the Ahpra registration of profession.

              ShortAhpra Registration Details
              Control0..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1, inv-pat-1
              TypeExtension(Ahpra Registration Details) (Complex Extension)
              Is Modifierfalse
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
              50. Practitioner.qualification.modifierExtension
              Definition

              May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

              Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

              ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
              Comments

              There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

              Control0..*
              TypeExtension
              Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

              Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
              52. Practitioner.qualification.identifier
              Definition

              An identifier - identifies some entity uniquely and unambiguously. Typically this is used for business identifiers.

              ShortAn identifier intended for computation
              NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
              Control0..*
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              TypeIdentifier(Identifier, AU Ahpra Registration Number)
              Is Modifierfalse
              Requirements

              Often, specific identities are assigned for the qualification.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              54. Practitioner.qualification.code
              Definition

              Coded representation of the qualification.

              ShortCoded representation of the qualification
              Control1..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-0, inv-pat-1
              BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from hl7VS-degreeLicenseCertificate - AU Extended
              (preferred to http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/v2-0360-extended)
              TypeCodeableConcept
              Is Modifierfalse
              Summaryfalse
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              56. Practitioner.qualification.period
              Definition

              Period during which the qualification is valid.

              ShortPeriod during which the qualification is valid
              Control0..1
              TypePeriod
              Is Modifierfalse
              Summaryfalse
              Requirements

              Qualifications are often for a limited period of time, and can be revoked.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              58. Practitioner.qualification.issuer
              Definition

              Organization that regulates and issues the qualification.

              ShortOrganization that regulates and issues the qualification
              Control0..1
              TypeReference(Organization)
              Is Modifierfalse
              Summaryfalse
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              60. Practitioner.communication
              Definition

              A language the practitioner can use in patient communication.

              ShortA language the practitioner can use in patient communication
              Comments

              The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.

              Control0..*
              BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Common Languages in Australia .
              (extensible to https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/common-languages-australia-2)
              TypeCodeableConcept
              Is Modifierfalse
              Summaryfalse
              Requirements

              Knowing which language a practitioner speaks can help in facilitating communication with patients.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))