臺灣核心實作指引(TW Core IG), published by 衛生福利部. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 0.3.2 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/cctwFHIRterm/MOHW_TWCoreIG_Build/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

• Content
• Detailed Descriptions
• Mappings
• Examples
• XML
• JSON
• TTL

Resource Profile: TW Core Observation Average Blood Pressure

此臺灣核心-平均血壓（TW Core Observation Average Blood Pressure） Profile說明本IG如何進一步定義FHIR的Observation Resource以呈現平均血壓資料。

Usage:

• Examples for this Resource Profile: Observation/obs-averageBloodPressure-example

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

• Differential Table
• Key Elements Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

This structure is derived from Observation

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
basedOn		0..*	Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf		0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
category:VSCat	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Required Pattern: vital-signs
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	血壓 Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
subject	S	0..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
encounter		0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	S	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectivePeriod			Period S
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
performer		0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]		0..0
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
hasMember		0..*	Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom		0..*	Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	SC	2..*	BackboneElement	Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure and other qualifiers. Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code tw-core-2: If there is no value a data absent reason must be present
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述
value[x]	S	0..1	Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period	Vital Sign Component Value
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing
component:Systolic	S	1..1	BackboneElement	平均收縮壓
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Code Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
value[x]	C	0..1	Quantity	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Value
value	S	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	S	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	S	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	S	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
component:Diastolic	S	1..1	BackboneElement	平均舒張壓
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Code Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
value[x]	C	0..1	Quantity	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Value
value	S	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	S	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	S	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	S	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
component:Number	S	0..1	BackboneElement	測量次數
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 246432004
value[x]		0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
value	S	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
Documentation for this format

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
tw-core-2	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a data absent reason must be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category:VSCat	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: vital-signs
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	血壓 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
subject	SΣ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effectivePeriod			Period
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for component	SΣC	2..*	BackboneElement	Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure and other qualifiers. Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-2: If there is no value a data absent reason must be present
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]	SΣ	0..1		Vital Sign Component Value ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component:Systolic	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	平均收縮壓 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Code Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	Quantity	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Value ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
component:Diastolic	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	平均舒張壓 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Code Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	Quantity	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Value ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
component:Number	SΣ	0..1	BackboneElement	測量次數 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 246432004
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:VSCat	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96607-7 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96608-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96609-3 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.code	example	Pattern: SNOMED-CT Code 246432004 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
tw-core-2	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a data absent reason must be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:VSCat	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Required Pattern: vital-signs
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	血壓 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectivePeriod			Period S
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	SΣC	2..*	BackboneElement	Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure and other qualifiers. Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code tw-core-2: If there is no value a data absent reason must be present
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	SΣ	0..1		Vital Sign Component Value
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:Systolic	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	平均收縮壓
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Code Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	Quantity	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Value
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:Diastolic	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	平均舒張壓
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Code Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	Quantity	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Value
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:Number	SΣ	0..1	BackboneElement	測量次數
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 246432004
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:VSCat	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96607-7 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96608-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96609-3 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.code	example	Pattern: SNOMED-CT Code 246432004 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
tw-core-2	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a data absent reason must be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

This structure is derived from Observation

Summary

Mandatory: 4 elements(12 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 24 elements
Prohibited: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• TW Core CarePlan (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CarePlan-twcore)
• TW Core MedicationRequest (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/MedicationRequest-twcore)
• TW Core ServiceRequest (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/ServiceRequest-twcore)
• TW Core MedicationDispense (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/MedicationDispense-twcore)
• TW Core MedicationStatement (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/MedicationStatement-twcore)
• TW Core Procedure (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Procedure-twcore)
• TW Core Immunization (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Immunization-twcore)
• TW Core ImagingStudy (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/ImagingStudy-twcore)
• TW CodeableConcept (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw)
• TW Core Patient (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Patient-twcore)
• TW Core Encounter (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Encounter-twcore)
• TW Core Practitioner (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Practitioner-twcore)
• TW Core Organization (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Organization-twcore)
• TW Core PractitionerRole (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole-twcore)
• TW Core CareTeam (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CareTeam-twcore)
• TW Core Specimen (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Specimen-twcore)
• TW Core Observation Vital Signs (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Observation-vitalSigns-twcore)
• TW Core QuestionnaireResponse (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/QuestionnaireResponse-twcore)
• TW Core DocumentReference (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/DocumentReference-twcore)
• TW Core Media (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Media-twcore)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element 2 is sliced based on the values of Observation.category
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component

Differential View

This structure is derived from Observation

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
basedOn		0..*	Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf		0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
category:VSCat	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Required Pattern: vital-signs
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	血壓 Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
subject	S	0..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
encounter		0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	S	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectivePeriod			Period S
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
performer		0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]		0..0
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
hasMember		0..*	Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom		0..*	Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	SC	2..*	BackboneElement	Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure and other qualifiers. Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code tw-core-2: If there is no value a data absent reason must be present
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述
value[x]	S	0..1	Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period	Vital Sign Component Value
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing
component:Systolic	S	1..1	BackboneElement	平均收縮壓
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Code Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
value[x]	C	0..1	Quantity	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Value
value	S	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	S	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	S	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	S	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
component:Diastolic	S	1..1	BackboneElement	平均舒張壓
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Code Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
value[x]	C	0..1	Quantity	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Value
value	S	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	S	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	S	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	S	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
component:Number	S	0..1	BackboneElement	測量次數
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 246432004
value[x]		0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
value	S	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
Documentation for this format

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
tw-core-2	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a data absent reason must be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category:VSCat	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: vital-signs
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	血壓 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
subject	SΣ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effectivePeriod			Period
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for component	SΣC	2..*	BackboneElement	Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure and other qualifiers. Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-2: If there is no value a data absent reason must be present
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]	SΣ	0..1		Vital Sign Component Value ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component:Systolic	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	平均收縮壓 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Code Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	Quantity	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Value ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
component:Diastolic	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	平均舒張壓 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Code Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	Quantity	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Value ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
component:Number	SΣ	0..1	BackboneElement	測量次數 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 246432004
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:VSCat	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96607-7 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96608-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96609-3 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.code	example	Pattern: SNOMED-CT Code 246432004 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
tw-core-2	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a data absent reason must be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Snapshot View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:VSCat	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Required Pattern: vital-signs
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	血壓 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectivePeriod			Period S
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	SΣC	2..*	BackboneElement	Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure and other qualifiers. Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code tw-core-2: If there is no value a data absent reason must be present
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	SΣ	0..1		Vital Sign Component Value
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:Systolic	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	平均收縮壓
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Code Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	Quantity	Systolic Average Blood Pressure Value
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:Diastolic	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	平均舒張壓
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Code Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	Quantity	Diastolic Average Blood Pressure Value
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:Number	SΣ	0..1	BackboneElement	測量次數
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 246432004
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:VSCat	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96607-7 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96608-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Systolic.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 96609-3 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Diastolic.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.code	example	Pattern: SNOMED-CT Code 246432004 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.value[x].comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:Number.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
tw-core-2	error	Observation.component	If there is no value a data absent reason must be present : value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

This structure is derived from Observation

Summary

Mandatory: 4 elements(12 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 24 elements
Prohibited: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• TW Core CarePlan (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CarePlan-twcore)
• TW Core MedicationRequest (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/MedicationRequest-twcore)
• TW Core ServiceRequest (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/ServiceRequest-twcore)
• TW Core MedicationDispense (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/MedicationDispense-twcore)
• TW Core MedicationStatement (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/MedicationStatement-twcore)
• TW Core Procedure (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Procedure-twcore)
• TW Core Immunization (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Immunization-twcore)
• TW Core ImagingStudy (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/ImagingStudy-twcore)
• TW CodeableConcept (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw)
• TW Core Patient (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Patient-twcore)
• TW Core Encounter (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Encounter-twcore)
• TW Core Practitioner (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Practitioner-twcore)
• TW Core Organization (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Organization-twcore)
• TW Core PractitionerRole (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole-twcore)
• TW Core CareTeam (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CareTeam-twcore)
• TW Core Specimen (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Specimen-twcore)
• TW Core Observation Vital Signs (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Observation-vitalSigns-twcore)
• TW Core QuestionnaireResponse (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/QuestionnaireResponse-twcore)
• TW Core DocumentReference (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/DocumentReference-twcore)
• TW Core Media (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Media-twcore)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element 2 is sliced based on the values of Observation.category
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component