Opioid Prescribing Support Implementation Guide
2016.4.0 - CI Build

Opioid Prescribing Support Implementation Guide, published by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 2016.4.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/cqframework/opioid-cds-r4/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Conformance Resource Registry

This table contains a list of all the conformance resources defined as part of this implementation guide:

ResourceDescription
CDCMMEClinicalConversionFactors CDCMMEClinicalConversionFactors
Morphine Milligram Equivalent (MME) Conversion Factors for FHIR R4

This library contains logic to expose configurable conversion factors for the MME calculation functionality provided by the OMTKLogic library.

FHIR Model Definition

Model definition for the FHIR R4 (v4.0.1) Model

FHIR Helpers FHIRHelpers
HelloWorld HelloWorld
HelloWorldPatientView HelloWorldPatientView
Morphine Milligram Equivalent (MME) Calculator for FHIR R4

This library contains logic to surface the MME calculation functionality provided by the OMTKLogic library by extracting appropriate information from FHIR R4 MedicationRequest resource.

Opioid Management Terminology Knowledge Data

This library contains drug ingredient data for opioid ingredients of combinations drugs as determined using the RxNav API. The content was produced using the process described here.

Library - OMTK Data (2019) OMTKData2019
Library - OMTK Data (2020) OMTKData2020
Opioid Management Terminology Knowledge Logic

This library provides functionality for calculating Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME) for opioid medications, as described in the CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline.

Library - OMTK Logic MK (2019) OMTKLogicMK2019
Library - OMTK Data (2020) OMTKLogicMK2020
Library - OpioidCDS Common OpioidCDSCommon
Library - OpioidCDS Common Configuration OpioidCDSCommonConfig
Library - Recommendation #1 - Nonpharmacologic and Nonopioid Pharmacologic Therapy Consideration OpioidCDSREC01
Library - Recommendation #2 - Opioid Therapy Goals Discussion OpioidCDSREC02
Library - Recommendation #3 - Opioid Therapy Risk/Benefit Discussion OpioidCDSREC03
Library - Recommendation #4 - Opioid Immediate Release Form When Starting Opioid Therapy OpioidCDSREC04
Library - Recommendation #4 Patient View - Opioid Immediate Release Form When Starting Opioid Therapy OpioidCDSREC04PatientView
Library - Recommendation #5 - Lowest Effective Dose OpioidCDSREC05
Library - Recommendation #6 - Prescribe Lowest Effective Dose and Duration OpioidCDSREC06
Library - Recommendation #7 - Opioid Therapy Risk Assessment OpioidCDSREC07
Library - Recommendation #8 - Naloxone Consideration OpioidCDSREC08
Library - Recommendation #9 - Consider Patient’s History of Controlled Substance Prescriptions OpioidCDSREC09
Library - Recommendation #10 - Urine Drug Testing OpioidCDSREC10
OpioidCDSREC10Common OpioidCDSREC10Common
Library - Recommendation #10 Patient View - Urine Drug Testing OpioidCDSREC10PatientView
Library - Recommendation #11 - Concurrent Use of Opioids and Benzodiazepines OpioidCDSREC11
Library - Recommendation #11 Patient View - Concurrent Use of Opioids and Benzodiazepines OpioidCDSREC11PatientView
Library - Recommendation #12 (patient-view) - Evidence-based Treatment for Patients with Opioid Use Disorder OpioidCDSREC12PatientView
Library - OpioidCDS Routines OpioidCDSRoutines
PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #1

Nonpharmacologic therapy and nonopioid pharmacologic therapy are preferred for chronic pain.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #2

Nonpharmacologic therapy and nonopioid pharmacologic therapy are preferred for chronic pain.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #3

Before starting and periodically during opioid therapy, clinicians should discuss with patients known risks and realistic benefits of opioid therapy and patient and clinician responsibilities for managing therapy.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #4 (patient view)

When starting opioid therapy for chronic pain, clinicians should prescribe immediate-release opioids instead of extended-release/long-acting (ER/LA) opioids.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #4

When starting opioid therapy for chronic pain, clinicians should prescribe immediate-release opioids instead of extended-release/long-acting (ER/LA) opioids.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #5

When opioids are started, providers should prescribe the lowest effective dosage.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #6

When opioids are used for acute pain, clinicians should prescribe the lowest effective dose of immediate-release opioids and should prescribe no greater quantity than needed for the expected duration of pain severe enough to require opioids.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #7

Clinicians should evaluate benefits and harms with patients within 1 to 4 weeks of starting opioid therapy for chronic pain or of dose escalation. Clinicians should evaluate benefits and harms of continued therapy with patients every 3 months or more frequently.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #8 (order-sign)

Clinicians should incorporate into the management plan strategies to mitigate risk, including considering offering naloxone when factors that increase risk for opioid overdose, such as history of overdose, history of substance use disorder, higher opioid dosages (≥50 MME/day), or concurrent benzodiazepine use, are present.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #8

Clinicians should incorporate into the management plan strategies to mitigate risk, including considering offering naloxone when factors that increase risk for opioid overdose, such as history of overdose, history of substance use disorder, higher opioid dosages (≥50 MME/day), or concurrent benzodiazepine use, are present.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #9

Clinicians should review PDMP data when starting opioid therapy for chronic pain and periodically during opioid therapy for chronic pain.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #10 (order-sign)

When prescribing opioids for chronic pain, providers should use urine drug testing before starting opioid therapy and consider urine drug testing at least annually to assess for prescribed medications as well as other controlled prescription drugs and illicit drugs.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #10 (patient-view)

When prescribing opioids for chronic pain, providers should use urine drug testing before starting opioid therapy and consider urine drug testing at least annually to assess for prescribed medications as well as other controlled prescription drugs and illicit drugs.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #10

When prescribing opioids for chronic pain, providers should use urine drug testing before starting opioid therapy and consider urine drug testing at least annually to assess for prescribed medications as well as other controlled prescription drugs and illicit drugs.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #11 (patient-view)

Concurrently prescribing opioid medications with benzodiazepines increases the risk of harm for the patient.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #11

Concurrently prescribing opioid medications with benzodiazepines increases the risk of harm for the patient.

PlanDefinition - CDC 2016 Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #12 (patient-view)

Arrange evidence-based treatment (usually medication-assisted treatment with buprenorphine or methadone in combination with behavioral therapies) for patients with opioid use disorder.