Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide
2.0.0-ballot - ballot
Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide
2.0.0-ballot - ballot
Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide, published by HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 2.0.0-ballot built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7/ebm/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions
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<subject>🔗
<reference value="Group/179562"/>
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<date value="2024-12-05T14:14:39.128Z"/>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Sample size: # studies, # participants, # counted, # events</div>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Result with bariatric surgery</div>
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<title value="Result With Treatment--Derived"/>
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<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Result with bariatric surgery (calculated)</div>
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<section>
<title value="Effect Estimate"/>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Effect Estimate (Relative effect)</div>
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<section>
<title value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Certainty of finding (Quality of evidence)</div>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">What this means</div>
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<section>
<title value="Summary of Findings"/>
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<code value="summary-of-findings"/>
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<title value="All-cause mortality"/>
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<focus>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/49217"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display value="OutcomeVariable: All-cause mortality"/>
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<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[No data.]</div>
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<section>
<title value="Outcome"/>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">All-cause mortality</div>
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<entry>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/49217"/>
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<display value="OutcomeVariable: All-cause mortality"/>
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<title value="Sample Size"/>
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<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">21 studies, 397002 participants</div>
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<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/49328"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
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<title value="Result Without Treatment"/>
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<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">5% (estimated); specific summary evidence not reported</div>
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<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104384"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
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<title value="Result With Treatment--Observed"/>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Not reported</div>
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<title value="Result With Treatment--Derived"/>
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<text
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<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Not reported</div>
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<section>
<title value="Effect Estimate"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-vs-comparator"/>
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<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Hazard Ratio 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.49 to 0.62)</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/49328"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: All-cause mortality effect of bariatric surgery in 2022 meta-analysis"/>
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<title value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
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<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Low quality</div>
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<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/49328"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
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<title value="Assertion"/>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that bariatric surgery is associated with reduced all-cause and CV mortality.</div>
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<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/49328"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: All-cause mortality effect of bariatric surgery in 2022 meta-analysis"/>
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<section>
<title value="Nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
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<focus>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104097"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display
value="OutcomeVariable: Nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke"/>
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<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[No data.]</div>
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<section>
<title value="Outcome"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="outcome-measure"/>
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<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke</div>
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<entry>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104097"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display
value="OutcomeVariable: Nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke"/>
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<section>
<title value="Sample Size"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="sample-size"/>
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</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">1 study, 4,047 participants, 4,047 counted, 359 events</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104098"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Myocardial infarction or stroke in Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result Without Treatment"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-comparator-alone"/>
<display value="Result with comparator alone"/>
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<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">188 out of 2,037 observed with percentage of: 9.2%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104397"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Myocardial infarction or stroke without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Observed"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone"/>
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<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">171 out of 2,010 observed with percentage of: 8.5%</div>
</text>
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<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Derived"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone-calculated"/>
<display value="Result with intervention alone (calculated)"/>
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<text
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<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">6.2%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104397"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Myocardial infarction or stroke without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study"/>
</entry>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104098"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Myocardial infarction or stroke in Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Effect Estimate"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-vs-comparator"/>
<display value="Result with intervention vs. comparator"/>
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<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Hazard Ratio 0.67 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.83)</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104098"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Myocardial infarction or stroke in Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
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<code value="certainty-of-evidence"/>
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<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Low quality</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104098"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Myocardial infarction or stroke in Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Assertion"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="assertion"/>
<display value="Assertion"/>
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<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Compared with usual care, bariatric surgery was associated with reduced number of cardiovascular deaths and lower incidence of cardiovascular events in obese adults.</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104098"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Myocardial infarction or stroke in Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study"/>
</entry>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Remission of diabetes"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="summary-of-findings-entry-for-a-single-outcome"/>
<display value="Summary of findings entry for a single outcome"/>
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</code>
<focus>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104117"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display value="OutcomeVariable: Remission of diabetes"/>
</focus>
<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[No data.]</div>
</text>
<section>
<title value="Outcome"/>
<code>
<coding>
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<code value="outcome-measure"/>
<display value="Outcome Measure"/>
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<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Remission of diabetes</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104117"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display value="OutcomeVariable: Remission of diabetes"/>
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</section>
<section>
<title value="Sample Size"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="sample-size"/>
<display value="Sample Size"/>
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</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">1 study, 1,888 participants, 1,888 counted</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104121"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Remission of diabetes in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result Without Treatment"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-comparator-alone"/>
<display value="Result with comparator alone"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">141 out of 956 observed with percentage of: 14.8%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104396"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Remission of diabetes without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Observed"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone"/>
<display value="Result with intervention alone"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">536 out of 932 observed with percentage of: 57.5%</div>
</text>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Derived"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone-calculated"/>
<display value="Result with intervention alone (calculated)"/>
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<text
value="calculated value derived from the control group and effect estimate"/>
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<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">57.7%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104396"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Remission of diabetes without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104121"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Remission of diabetes in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Effect Estimate"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-vs-comparator"/>
<display value="Result with intervention vs. comparator"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Relative Risk 3.9 (95% CI 2.8 to 5.4)</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104121"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Remission of diabetes in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="certainty-of-evidence"/>
<display value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Moderate quality</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104121"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Remission of diabetes in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Assertion"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="assertion"/>
<display value="Assertion"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Compared with specialized medical treatment, bariatric surgery appears to induce remission of diabetes.</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104121"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Remission of diabetes in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<title value="New onset depression"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="summary-of-findings-entry-for-a-single-outcome"/>
<display value="Summary of findings entry for a single outcome"/>
</coding>
</code>
<focus>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104118"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display value="OutcomeVariable: New onset depression"/>
</focus>
<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[No data.]</div>
</text>
<section>
<title value="Outcome"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="outcome-measure"/>
<display value="Outcome Measure"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">New onset depression</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104118"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display value="OutcomeVariable: New onset depression"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Sample Size"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="sample-size"/>
<display value="Sample Size"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">1 study, 1,888 participants, 1,888 counted</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104155"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on New onset depression in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result Without Treatment"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-comparator-alone"/>
<display value="Result with comparator alone"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">62 out of 956 observed with percentage of: 6.5%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104395"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: New onset depression without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Observed"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone"/>
<display value="Result with intervention alone"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">83 out of 932 observed with percentage of: 8.9%</div>
</text>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Derived"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone-calculated"/>
<display value="Result with intervention alone (calculated)"/>
</coding>
<text
value="calculated value derived from the control group and effect estimate"/>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">9.75%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104395"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: New onset depression without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104155"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on New onset depression in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Effect Estimate"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-vs-comparator"/>
<display value="Result with intervention vs. comparator"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Relative Risk 1.5 (95% CI 1.4 to 1.7)</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104155"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on New onset depression in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="certainty-of-evidence"/>
<display value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Low quality</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104155"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on New onset depression in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Assertion"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="assertion"/>
<display value="Assertion"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Compared with specialized medical treatment, bariatric surgery may slightly increase the incidence of depression.</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104155"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on New onset depression in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Treatment with opioids"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="summary-of-findings-entry-for-a-single-outcome"/>
<display value="Summary of findings entry for a single outcome"/>
</coding>
</code>
<focus>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104119"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display value="OutcomeVariable: Treatment with opioids"/>
</focus>
<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[No data.]</div>
</text>
<section>
<title value="Outcome"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="outcome-measure"/>
<display value="Outcome Measure"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Treatment with opioids</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104119"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display value="OutcomeVariable: Treatment with opioids"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Sample Size"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="sample-size"/>
<display value="Sample Size"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">1 study, 1,888 participants, 1,888 counted</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104156"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Treatment with opioids in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result Without Treatment"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-comparator-alone"/>
<display value="Result with comparator alone"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">151 out of 956 observed with percentage of: 15.8%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104394"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Treatment with opioids without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Observed"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone"/>
<display value="Result with intervention alone"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">181 out of 932 observed with percentage of: 19.4%</div>
</text>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Derived"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone-calculated"/>
<display value="Result with intervention alone (calculated)"/>
</coding>
<text
value="calculated value derived from the control group and effect estimate"/>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">20.5%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104394"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Treatment with opioids without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104156"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Treatment with opioids in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Effect Estimate"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-vs-comparator"/>
<display value="Result with intervention vs. comparator"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Relative Risk 1.3 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.4)</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104156"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Treatment with opioids in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="certainty-of-evidence"/>
<display value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Low quality</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104156"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Treatment with opioids in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Assertion"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="assertion"/>
<display value="Assertion"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Compared with specialized medical treatment, bariatric surgery may slightly increase the use of opioids.</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104156"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Treatment with opioids in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Additional GI surgical procedure"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="summary-of-findings-entry-for-a-single-outcome"/>
<display value="Summary of findings entry for a single outcome"/>
</coding>
</code>
<focus>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104120"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display value="OutcomeVariable: Additional GI surgical procedure"/>
</focus>
<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[No data.]</div>
</text>
<section>
<title value="Outcome"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="outcome-measure"/>
<display value="Outcome Measure"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Additional GI surgical procedure</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="EvidenceVariable/104120"/>
<type value="EvidenceVariable"/>
<display value="OutcomeVariable: Additional GI surgical procedure"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Sample Size"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="sample-size"/>
<display value="Sample Size"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">1 study, 1,888 participants, 1,888 counted</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104157"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="StudyOutcomeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Additional GI surgical procedure in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result Without Treatment"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-comparator-alone"/>
<display value="Result with comparator alone"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">148 out of 956 observed with percentage of: 15.5%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104385"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Additional GI surgical procedure without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Observed"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone"/>
<display value="Result with intervention alone"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="additional"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">292 out of 932 observed with percentage of: 31.3%</div>
</text>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Result With Treatment--Derived"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-alone-calculated"/>
<display value="Result with intervention alone (calculated)"/>
</coding>
<text
value="calculated value derived from the control group and effect estimate"/>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">31%</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104385"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Additional GI surgical procedure without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104157"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Additional GI surgical procedure in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Effect Estimate"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="result-with-intervention-vs-comparator"/>
<display value="Result with intervention vs. comparator"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Relative Risk 2.0 (95% CI 1.7 to 2.4)</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104157"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Additional GI surgical procedure in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="certainty-of-evidence"/>
<display value="Certainty of Evidence"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Moderate quality</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104157"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Additional GI surgical procedure in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Assertion"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="assertion"/>
<display value="Assertion"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="generated"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Compared with specialized medical treatment, bariatric surgery appears to increase the rate of additional gastrointestinal surgical procedures.</div>
</text>
<entry>🔗
<reference value="Evidence/104157"/>
<type value="Evidence"/>
<display
value="ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Additional GI surgical procedure in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study"/>
</entry>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Groups"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="groups"/>
<display value="Groups"/>
</coding>
</code>
<section>
<title value="Total Group"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="population"/>
<display value="Population"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>[No data.]</p></div>
</text>
<emptyReason>
<coding>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/list-empty-reason"/>
<code value="notstarted"/>
<display value="Not Started"/>
</coding>
</emptyReason>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Intervention Group"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="intervention-group"/>
<display value="Intervention Group"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>[No data.]</p></div>
</text>
<emptyReason>
<coding>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/list-empty-reason"/>
<code value="notstarted"/>
<display value="Not Started"/>
</coding>
</emptyReason>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Comparator Group"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="comparator-group"/>
<display value="Comparator Group"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>[No data.]</p></div>
</text>
<emptyReason>
<coding>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/list-empty-reason"/>
<code value="notstarted"/>
<display value="Not Started"/>
</coding>
</emptyReason>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Group Assignment"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="GroupAssignment"/>
<display value="GroupAssignment"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>[No data.]</p></div>
</text>
<emptyReason>
<coding>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/list-empty-reason"/>
<code value="notstarted"/>
<display value="Not Started"/>
</coding>
</emptyReason>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<title value="Variables (Measures)"/>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"/>
<code value="variables"/>
<display value="Variables"/>
</coding>
</code>
<text>
<status value="empty"/>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>[No data.]</p></div>
</text>
<emptyReason>
<coding>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/list-empty-reason"/>
<code value="notstarted"/>
<display value="Not Started"/>
</coding>
</emptyReason>
</section>
</Composition>
IG © 2024+ HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support. Package hl7.fhir.uv.ebm#2.0.0-ballot based on FHIR 6.0.0-ballot2. Generated 2024-12-19
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