Canadian Baseline
1.1.0 - CI Build
Canadian Baseline, published by HL7 Canada - FHIR Implementation Work Group. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 1.1.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7-Canada/ca-baseline/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions
Official URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/ca/baseline/StructureDefinition/profile-observation | Version: 1.1.0 | |||
Draft as of 2022-03-25 | Computable Name: ObservationProfile |
Proposed constraints on the Observation Resource for general use. This profile sets minimum expectations for the Observation resource to represent various observations if no other, more specific profile is applicable. An observation is a measurement or assertion about a subject (person, group, device, location, or another subject).
While this profile does not currently apply MS constraints on the hasMember or component elements, this profile is seeking community and implementer feedback on how both elements are being used to assess whether consistent patterns can be identified for use in the Canadian landscape.
Feedback can be provided through the Simplifier issue log for this profile.
This profile sets minimum expectations for the Observation resource to represent various observations if no other, more specific profile is applicable. An observation is a measurement or assertion about a subject (person, group, device, location, or another subject).
This profile defines localization concepts for use in the Canadian context.
All elements or attributes within the FHIR specification have cardinality as part of their definition - a minimum number of required appearances and a maximum number of allowable appearances.
Most elements in the FHIR specification have a minimum cardinality of 0, so most elements are not required and subsequently they may be missing from a resource when it is exchanged between systems.
Required elements in the Observation (General Use) profile:
Some elements are marked as Must Support. This means that implementations generating, receiving, or otherwise using resources with Must Support elements SHALL provide support for those elements in some meaningful way (see Must Support definition).
The following elements are marked as Must Support in the Observation (General Use) profile:
Must Support elements:
Observation (General Use) is intended to capture data associated with most observations; it is not intended to capture data in some cases where a more appropriate profile is applicable (see below). Data typically consists of measurements or assertions about a subject. Observation (General Use) can capture data in eclectic use cases as it incorporates multiple categories of observations and datatypes. Observation (General Use) can capture data such as:
Observation (General Use) should not be used if one of the following profiles is applicable:
Usage:
Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.
This structure is derived from Observation
Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints |
---|---|---|---|---|
Observation | 0..* | Observation | Observation Profile | |
status | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + | |
category | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation |
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. |
subject | S | 1..1 | Reference(Patient Profile | Group | Device | Location) | Who and/or what the observation is about |
effective[x] | S | 0..1 | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation | |
effectiveDateTime | dateTime | |||
effectivePeriod | Period | |||
value[x] | S | 0..1 | Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period | Actual result |
dataAbsentReason | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing | |
component | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results | |
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. |
value[x] | S | 0..1 | Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period | Actual component result |
dataAbsentReason | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing | |
Documentation for this format |
Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI |
Observation.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.component.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard |
Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints |
---|---|---|---|---|
Observation | C | 0..* | Observation | Observation Profile obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present |
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created |
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored |
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. |
category | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. |
code | SΣ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. |
subject | SΣ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient Profile | Group | Device | Location) | Who and/or what the observation is about |
effective[x] | SΣ | 0..1 | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation | |
effectiveDateTime | dateTime | |||
effectivePeriod | Period | |||
value[x] | SΣC | 0..1 | Actual result | |
valueQuantity | Quantity | |||
valueCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||
valueString | string | |||
valueBoolean | boolean | |||
valueInteger | integer | |||
valueRange | Range | |||
valueRatio | Ratio | |||
valueSampledData | SampledData | |||
valueTime | time | |||
valueDateTime | dateTime | |||
valuePeriod | Period | |||
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. |
component | Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results |
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized |
code | SΣ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. |
value[x] | SΣ | 0..1 | Actual component result | |
valueQuantity | Quantity | |||
valueCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||
valueString | string | |||
valueBoolean | boolean | |||
valueInteger | integer | |||
valueRange | Range | |||
valueRatio | Ratio | |||
valueSampledData | SampledData | |||
valueTime | time | |||
valueDateTime | dateTime | |||
valuePeriod | Period | |||
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. |
Documentation for this format |
Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI |
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatushttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.component.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard |
Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements |
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() | |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() | |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() | |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() | |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() | |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) | |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() | |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() | |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |
Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Observation | C | 0..* | Observation | Observation Profile obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | ||||
id | Σ | 0..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact | ||||
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | Metadata about the resource | ||||
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created | ||||
language | 0..1 | code | Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
| |||||
text | 0..1 | Narrative | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation | |||||
contained | 0..* | Resource | Contained, inline Resources | |||||
extension | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations | |||||
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored | ||||
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation | ||||
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | Fulfills plan, proposal or order | ||||
partOf | Σ | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) | Part of referenced event | ||||
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. | ||||
category | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. | ||||
code | SΣ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. | ||||
subject | SΣ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient Profile | Group | Device | Location) | Who and/or what the observation is about | ||||
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record | ||||
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made | ||||
effective[x] | SΣ | 0..1 | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation | |||||
effectiveDateTime | dateTime | |||||||
effectivePeriod | Period | |||||||
issued | Σ | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available | ||||
performer | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation | ||||
value[x] | SΣC | 0..1 | Actual result | |||||
valueQuantity | Quantity | |||||||
valueCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||||||
valueString | string | |||||||
valueBoolean | boolean | |||||||
valueInteger | integer | |||||||
valueRange | Range | |||||||
valueRatio | Ratio | |||||||
valueSampledData | SampledData | |||||||
valueTime | time | |||||||
valueDateTime | dateTime | |||||||
valuePeriod | Period | |||||||
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. | ||||
interpretation | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations. | |||||
note | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation | |||||
bodySite | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality. | |||||
method | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations. | |||||
specimen | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation | |||||
device | 0..1 | Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) | (Measurement) Device | |||||
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | Provides guide for interpretation obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text | ||||
id | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing | |||||
extension | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations | |||||
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized | ||||
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | Low Range, if relevant | ||||
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | High Range, if relevant | ||||
type | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range. | |||||
appliesTo | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to. | |||||
age | 0..1 | Range | Applicable age range, if relevant | |||||
text | 0..1 | string | Text based reference range in an observation | |||||
hasMember | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group | ||||
derivedFrom | Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from | ||||
component | Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results | ||||
id | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing | |||||
extension | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations | |||||
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized | ||||
code | SΣ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. | ||||
value[x] | SΣ | 0..1 | Actual component result | |||||
valueQuantity | Quantity | |||||||
valueCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||||||
valueString | string | |||||||
valueBoolean | boolean | |||||||
valueInteger | integer | |||||||
valueRange | Range | |||||||
valueRatio | Ratio | |||||||
valueSampledData | SampledData | |||||||
valueTime | time | |||||||
valueDateTime | dateTime | |||||||
valuePeriod | Period | |||||||
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. | ||||
interpretation | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations. | |||||
referenceRange | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result | |||||
Documentation for this format |
Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI | |||
Observation.language | preferred | CommonLanguages
http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatushttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.bodySite | example | SNOMEDCTBodyStructureshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.method | example | ObservationMethodshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.referenceRange.type | preferred | ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo | example | ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.component.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.component.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard |
Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements |
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() | |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() | |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() | |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() | |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() | |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) | |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() | |
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists() | |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() | |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |
This structure is derived from Observation
Differential View
This structure is derived from Observation
Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints |
---|---|---|---|---|
Observation | 0..* | Observation | Observation Profile | |
status | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + | |
category | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation |
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. |
subject | S | 1..1 | Reference(Patient Profile | Group | Device | Location) | Who and/or what the observation is about |
effective[x] | S | 0..1 | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation | |
effectiveDateTime | dateTime | |||
effectivePeriod | Period | |||
value[x] | S | 0..1 | Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period | Actual result |
dataAbsentReason | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing | |
component | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results | |
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. |
value[x] | S | 0..1 | Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period | Actual component result |
dataAbsentReason | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing | |
Documentation for this format |
Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI |
Observation.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.component.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard |
Key Elements View
Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints |
---|---|---|---|---|
Observation | C | 0..* | Observation | Observation Profile obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present |
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created |
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored |
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. |
category | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. |
code | SΣ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. |
subject | SΣ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient Profile | Group | Device | Location) | Who and/or what the observation is about |
effective[x] | SΣ | 0..1 | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation | |
effectiveDateTime | dateTime | |||
effectivePeriod | Period | |||
value[x] | SΣC | 0..1 | Actual result | |
valueQuantity | Quantity | |||
valueCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||
valueString | string | |||
valueBoolean | boolean | |||
valueInteger | integer | |||
valueRange | Range | |||
valueRatio | Ratio | |||
valueSampledData | SampledData | |||
valueTime | time | |||
valueDateTime | dateTime | |||
valuePeriod | Period | |||
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. |
component | Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results |
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized |
code | SΣ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. |
value[x] | SΣ | 0..1 | Actual component result | |
valueQuantity | Quantity | |||
valueCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||
valueString | string | |||
valueBoolean | boolean | |||
valueInteger | integer | |||
valueRange | Range | |||
valueRatio | Ratio | |||
valueSampledData | SampledData | |||
valueTime | time | |||
valueDateTime | dateTime | |||
valuePeriod | Period | |||
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. |
Documentation for this format |
Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI |
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatushttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.component.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | |
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard |
Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements |
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() | |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() | |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() | |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() | |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() | |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) | |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() | |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() | |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |
Snapshot View
Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Observation | C | 0..* | Observation | Observation Profile obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | ||||
id | Σ | 0..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact | ||||
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | Metadata about the resource | ||||
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created | ||||
language | 0..1 | code | Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
| |||||
text | 0..1 | Narrative | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation | |||||
contained | 0..* | Resource | Contained, inline Resources | |||||
extension | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations | |||||
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored | ||||
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation | ||||
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | Fulfills plan, proposal or order | ||||
partOf | Σ | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) | Part of referenced event | ||||
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. | ||||
category | S | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. | ||||
code | SΣ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. | ||||
subject | SΣ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient Profile | Group | Device | Location) | Who and/or what the observation is about | ||||
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record | ||||
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made | ||||
effective[x] | SΣ | 0..1 | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation | |||||
effectiveDateTime | dateTime | |||||||
effectivePeriod | Period | |||||||
issued | Σ | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available | ||||
performer | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation | ||||
value[x] | SΣC | 0..1 | Actual result | |||||
valueQuantity | Quantity | |||||||
valueCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||||||
valueString | string | |||||||
valueBoolean | boolean | |||||||
valueInteger | integer | |||||||
valueRange | Range | |||||||
valueRatio | Ratio | |||||||
valueSampledData | SampledData | |||||||
valueTime | time | |||||||
valueDateTime | dateTime | |||||||
valuePeriod | Period | |||||||
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. | ||||
interpretation | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations. | |||||
note | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation | |||||
bodySite | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality. | |||||
method | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations. | |||||
specimen | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation | |||||
device | 0..1 | Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) | (Measurement) Device | |||||
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | Provides guide for interpretation obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text | ||||
id | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing | |||||
extension | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations | |||||
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized | ||||
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | Low Range, if relevant | ||||
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | High Range, if relevant | ||||
type | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range. | |||||
appliesTo | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to. | |||||
age | 0..1 | Range | Applicable age range, if relevant | |||||
text | 0..1 | string | Text based reference range in an observation | |||||
hasMember | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group | ||||
derivedFrom | Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from | ||||
component | Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results | ||||
id | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing | |||||
extension | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations | |||||
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized | ||||
code | SΣ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): LOINC codes identifying names of simple observations. | ||||
value[x] | SΣ | 0..1 | Actual component result | |||||
valueQuantity | Quantity | |||||||
valueCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||||||
valueString | string | |||||||
valueBoolean | boolean | |||||||
valueInteger | integer | |||||||
valueRange | Range | |||||||
valueRatio | Ratio | |||||||
valueSampledData | SampledData | |||||||
valueTime | time | |||||||
valueDateTime | dateTime | |||||||
valuePeriod | Period | |||||||
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing. | ||||
interpretation | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations. | |||||
referenceRange | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result | |||||
Documentation for this format |
Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI | |||
Observation.language | preferred | CommonLanguages
http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatushttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.bodySite | example | SNOMEDCTBodyStructureshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.method | example | ObservationMethodshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.referenceRange.type | preferred | ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo | example | ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.component.code | preferred | LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard | ||||
Observation.component.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard |
Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements |
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() | |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() | |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() | |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() | |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() | |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) | |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() | |
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists() | |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() | |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |
This structure is derived from Observation
Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron
Additional codes that translate or map to the Observation code or category codes are allowed (see CodeableConcept data type).
Examples:
The Observation.category specifies a code that classifies the type of observation. The Observation.category element is a CodeableConcept data type, and more than one code is allowed.
For interoperability reasons, one of the codes SHOULD be from the FHIR standard defined Observation Category Codes.
Local codes are allowed as well. In the case of using local codes, in order to classify the type of observation both category.coding.system and category.coding.code SHOULD be provided.
The Observation.code element describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "name".
The pan-Canadian LOINC Observation Code Database (pCLOCD) is recommended for use in the Canadian context. pCLOCD Code System URI is https://fhir.infoway-inforoute.ca/CodeSystem/pCLOCD
Observation (General Use) uses a name-value pair to code data. When the value for the actual observation is not known, i.e., the value for Observation.value[x] is not available, then Observation.value[x] will not be present and the Observation.dataAbsentReason SHALL be present and will provide a reason why the expected value is missing. Also, the Observation.dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if and only if the value for Observation.value[x] is not present.
The same rule applies when Observation.component is used. I.e., if Observation.component.value[x] is missed, then Observation.component.dataAbsentReason SHALL be present with the reason.