Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
meta
Slices for security		1..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system
security:TransplantCenter	S	1..1	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.nmdp.org/codesystem/transplant-center
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 883-9
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: ABO group [Type] in Blood
subject	S	1..1	Reference(MSPatient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
effective[x]		1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
effectiveDateTime	S	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
value[x]		0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueCodeableConcept		0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Binding: LOINC Answer List LL2419-1 (required)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.valueCodeableConcept	required	LOINC LL2419-1

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
Slices for security	Σ	1..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
security:TransplantCenter	SΣ	1..1	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.nmdp.org/codesystem/transplant-center
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 883-9
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: ABO group [Type] in Blood
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(MSPatient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
Slices for effective[x]	Σ	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	SΣ	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
Slices for value[x]	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Binding: LOINC Answer List LL2419-1 (required)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.meta.security	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.meta.security:TransplantCenter	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.code	example	Pattern: LOINC code 883-9("ABO group [Type] in Blood")
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	required	LOINC LL2419-1

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
versionId	Σ	0..1	id	Version specific identifier
lastUpdated	Σ	0..1	instant	When the resource version last changed
source	Σ	0..1	uri	Identifies where the resource comes from
profile	Σ	0..*	canonical(StructureDefinition)	Profiles this resource claims to conform to
Slices for security	Σ	1..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
security:TransplantCenter	SΣ	1..1	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.nmdp.org/codesystem/transplant-center
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
tag	Σ	0..*	Coding	Tags applied to this resource Binding: CommonTags (example): Codes that represent various types of tags, commonly workflow-related; e.g. "Needs review by Dr. Jones".
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
category		0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 883-9
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: ABO group [Type] in Blood
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(MSPatient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	ΣTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
Slices for effective[x]	Σ	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	SΣ	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
Slices for value[x]	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Binding: LOINC Answer List LL2419-1 (required)
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
component	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.meta.security	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.meta.security:TransplantCenter	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.meta.tag	example	CommonTags
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	example	Pattern: LOINC code 883-9("ABO group [Type] in Blood")
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	required	LOINC LL2419-1
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()

Summary

Mandatory: 3 elements (4 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 3 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• MSPatient (http://fhir.nmdp.org/ig/matchsync/StructureDefinition/mspatient)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element Observation.meta.security is sliced based on the value of pattern:system
• The element Observation.effective[x] is sliced based on the value of type:$this
• The element Observation.value[x] is sliced based on the value of type:$this

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
meta
Slices for security		1..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system
security:TransplantCenter	S	1..1	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.nmdp.org/codesystem/transplant-center
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 883-9
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: ABO group [Type] in Blood
subject	S	1..1	Reference(MSPatient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
effective[x]		1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
effectiveDateTime	S	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
value[x]		0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueCodeableConcept		0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Binding: LOINC Answer List LL2419-1 (required)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.valueCodeableConcept	required	LOINC LL2419-1

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
Slices for security	Σ	1..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
security:TransplantCenter	SΣ	1..1	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.nmdp.org/codesystem/transplant-center
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 883-9
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: ABO group [Type] in Blood
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(MSPatient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
Slices for effective[x]	Σ	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	SΣ	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
Slices for value[x]	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Binding: LOINC Answer List LL2419-1 (required)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.meta.security	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.meta.security:TransplantCenter	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.code	example	Pattern: LOINC code 883-9("ABO group [Type] in Blood")
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	required	LOINC LL2419-1

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
versionId	Σ	0..1	id	Version specific identifier
lastUpdated	Σ	0..1	instant	When the resource version last changed
source	Σ	0..1	uri	Identifies where the resource comes from
profile	Σ	0..*	canonical(StructureDefinition)	Profiles this resource claims to conform to
Slices for security	Σ	1..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
security:TransplantCenter	SΣ	1..1	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Binding: All Security Labels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.nmdp.org/codesystem/transplant-center
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
tag	Σ	0..*	Coding	Tags applied to this resource Binding: CommonTags (example): Codes that represent various types of tags, commonly workflow-related; e.g. "Needs review by Dr. Jones".
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
category		0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 883-9
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: ABO group [Type] in Blood
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(MSPatient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	ΣTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
Slices for effective[x]	Σ	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	SΣ	1..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
Slices for value[x]	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual result Binding: LOINC Answer List LL2419-1 (required)
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
component	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.meta.security	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.meta.security:TransplantCenter	extensible	All Security Labels
Observation.meta.tag	example	CommonTags
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	example	Pattern: LOINC code 883-9("ABO group [Type] in Blood")
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	required	LOINC LL2419-1
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()

Summary

Mandatory: 3 elements (4 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 3 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• MSPatient (http://fhir.nmdp.org/ig/matchsync/StructureDefinition/mspatient)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element Observation.meta.security is sliced based on the value of pattern:system
• The element Observation.effective[x] is sliced based on the value of type:$this
• The element Observation.value[x] is sliced based on the value of type:$this