HL7 Europe Medication Prescription and Dispense
0.1.0 - ci-build 150

HL7 Europe Medication Prescription and Dispense, published by HL7 Europe. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 0.1.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/hl7-eu/mpd/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: PatientEuMpd - Detailed Descriptions

Draft as of 2024-12-08

Definitions for the Patient-eu-mpd resource profile.

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Patient
2. Patient.identifier
Shortpatient identifier
NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
4. Patient.name
Control1..?
Requirements

Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name. The Alphabetic representation of the name SHALL be always provided

6. Patient.name.text
Definition

Text representation of the full name. Due to the cultural variance around the world a consuming system may not know how to present the name correctly; moreover not all the parts of the name go in given or family. Creators are therefore strongly encouraged to provide through this element a presented version of the name. Future versions of this guide may require this element

8. Patient.name.family
Control1..?
10. Patient.name.given
Control1..?
12. Patient.telecom
ShortA contact detail for the patient
14. Patient.gender
ShortThe gender of the patient used for administrative purposes.
16. Patient.birthDate
ShortThe date of birth for the patient
Control1..?
LOINC Code
18. Patient.address
ShortPatient Address
20. Patient.contact
22. Patient.contact.name
24. Patient.contact.name.family
Control1..?
26. Patient.contact.name.given
Control1..?
28. Patient.contact.telecom
ShortContact details for the person
30. Patient.contact.address
ShortContact person address
32. Patient.communication
34. Patient.communication.language
ShortCommunication language
36. Patient.generalPractitioner
ShortPatient's nominated primary care provider.
TypeReference(Organization, PractitionerRole)

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Patient
Definition

Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services.

ShortInformation about an individual or animal receiving health care services
Control0..*
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate NamesSubjectOfCare Client Resident
Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().ofType(canonical) | %resource.descendants().ofType(uri) | %resource.descendants().ofType(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
2. Patient.implicitRules
Definition

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
Comments

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of its narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

Control0..1
Typeuri
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies its meaning or interpretation
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
4. Patient.contained
Definition

These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. This is allowed to be a Parameters resource if and only if it is referenced by a resource that provides context/meaning.

ShortContained, inline Resources
Comments

This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags in their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

Control0..*
This element is affected by the following invariants: dom-2, dom-4, dom-3, dom-5
TypeResource
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesinline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
6. Patient.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
8. Patient.identifier
Definition

An identifier for this patient.

Shortpatient identifierAn identifier for this patient
NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control0..*
TypeIdentifier
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
10. Patient.active
Definition

Whether this patient record is in active use. Many systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization's business rules.

It is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients

Deceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death.

ShortWhether this patient's record is in active use
Comments

If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient.

Control0..1
Typeboolean
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that can indicate that a record should not be treated as valid
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error.

Meaning if MissingThis resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
12. Patient.name
Definition

A name associated with the individual.

ShortA name associated with the patient
Comments

A patient may have multiple names with different uses or applicable periods. For animals, the name is a "HumanName" in the sense that is assigned and used by humans and has the same patterns. Animal names may be communicated as given names, and optionally may include a family name.

Control10..*
TypeHumanName
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name. The Alphabetic representation of the name SHALL be always provided


Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
14. Patient.name.use
Definition

Identifies the purpose for this name.

Shortusual | official | temp | nickname | anonymous | old | maiden
Comments

Applications can assume that a name is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from NameUsehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|5.0.0
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|5.0.0)

The use of a human name.

Typecode
Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old name etc.for a current/permanent one
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Requirements

Allows the appropriate name for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of names.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
16. Patient.name.text
Definition

Text representation of the full name. Due to the cultural variance around the world a consuming system may not know how to present the name correctly; moreover not all the parts of the name go in given or family. Creators are therefore strongly encouraged to provide through this element a presented version of the name. Future versions of this guide may require this element


Specifies the entire name as it should be displayed e.g. on an application UI. This may be provided instead of or as well as the specific parts.

ShortText representation of the full name
Comments

Can provide both a text representation and parts. Applications updating a name SHALL ensure that when both text and parts are present, no content is included in the text that isn't found in a part.

Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Requirements

A renderable, unencoded form.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
18. Patient.name.family
Definition

The part of a name that links to the genealogy. In some cultures (e.g. Eritrea) the family name of a son is the first name of his father.

ShortFamily name (often called 'Surname')
Comments

Family Name may be decomposed into specific parts using extensions (de, nl, es related cultures).

Control10..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Alternate Namessurname
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
20. Patient.name.given
Definition

Given name.

ShortGiven names (not always 'first'). Includes middle names
Comments

If only initials are recorded, they may be used in place of the full name parts. Initials may be separated into multiple given names but often aren't due to paractical limitations. This element is not called "first name" since given names do not always come first.

Control10..*
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Alternate Namesfirst name, middle name
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
22. Patient.telecom
Definition

A contact detail (e.g. a telephone number or an email address) by which the individual may be contacted.

ShortA contact detail for the patientA contact detail for the individual
Comments

A Patient may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and also to help with identification. The address might not go directly to the individual, but may reach another party that is able to proxy for the patient (i.e. home phone, or pet owner's phone).

Control0..*
TypeContactPoint
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
24. Patient.gender
Definition

Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.

ShortThe gender of the patient used for administrative purposes.male | female | other | unknown
Comments

The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual's preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female. Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.) However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice. Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects. For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a "hard" error. See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AdministrativeGenderhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0)

The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.

Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
26. Patient.birthDate
Definition

The date of birth for the individual.

ShortThe date of birth for the patientThe date of birth for the individual
Comments

Partial dates are allowed if the specific date of birth is unknown. There is a standard extension "patient-birthTime" available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems).

Control10..1
Typedate
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Age of the individual drives many clinical processes.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
LOINC Code21112-8
28. Patient.deceased[x]
Definition

Indicates if the individual is deceased or not.

ShortIndicates if the individual is deceased or not
Comments

If there's no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive.

Control0..1
TypeChoice of: boolean, dateTime
[x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because once a patient is marked as deceased, the actions that are appropriate to perform on the patient may be significantly different.
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
30. Patient.address
Definition

An address for the individual.

ShortPatient AddressAn address for the individual
Comments

Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods.

Control0..*
TypeAddress
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
32. Patient.generalPractitioner
Definition

Patient's nominated care provider.

ShortPatient's nominated primary care provider.
Comments

This may be the primary care provider (in a GP context), or it may be a patient nominated care manager in a community/disability setting, or even organization that will provide people to perform the care provider roles. It is not to be used to record Care Teams, these should be in a CareTeam resource that may be linked to the CarePlan or EpisodeOfCare resources. Multiple GPs may be recorded against the patient for various reasons, such as a student that has his home GP listed along with the GP at university during the school semesters, or a "fly-in/fly-out" worker that has the onsite GP also included with his home GP to remain aware of medical issues.

Jurisdictions may decide that they can profile this down to 1 if desired, or 1 per type.

Control0..*
TypeReference(Organization, PractitionerRole, Practitioner)
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate NamescareProvider
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
34. Patient.link
Definition

Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.

ShortLink to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual
Comments

There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links.

Control0..*
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because it might not be the main Patient resource, and the referenced patient should be used instead of this Patient record. This is when the link.type value is 'replaced-by'
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

There are multiple use cases:

  • Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and
  • Distribution of patient information across multiple servers.
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
36. Patient.link.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
38. Patient.link.other
Definition

Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.

ShortThe other patient or related person resource that the link refers to
Comments

Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual.

Control1..1
TypeReference(Patient, RelatedPerson)
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
40. Patient.link.type
Definition

The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource.

Shortreplaced-by | replaces | refer | seealso
Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from LinkTypehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|5.0.0
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|5.0.0)

The type of link between this patient resource and another Patient resource, or Patient/RelatedPerson when using the seealso code

Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Patient
Definition

Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services.

ShortInformation about an individual or animal receiving health care services
Control0..*
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate NamesSubjectOfCare Client Resident
Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().ofType(canonical) | %resource.descendants().ofType(uri) | %resource.descendants().ofType(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
2. Patient.id
Definition

The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

ShortLogical id of this artifact
Comments

Within the context of the FHIR RESTful interactions, the resource has an id except for cases like the create and conditional update. Otherwise, the use of the resouce id depends on the given use case.

Control0..1
Typeid
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
4. Patient.meta
Definition

The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

ShortMetadata about the resource
Control0..1
TypeMeta
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
6. Patient.implicitRules
Definition

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
Comments

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of its narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

Control0..1
Typeuri
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies its meaning or interpretation
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
8. Patient.language
Definition

The base language in which the resource is written.

ShortLanguage of the resource content
Comments

Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AllLanguages
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|5.0.0)

IETF language tag for a human language

Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
10. Patient.text
Definition

A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

ShortText summary of the resource, for human interpretation
Comments

Contained resources do not have a narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.

Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: dom-6
TypeNarrative
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesnarrative, html, xhtml, display
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
12. Patient.contained
Definition

These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. This is allowed to be a Parameters resource if and only if it is referenced by a resource that provides context/meaning.

ShortContained, inline Resources
Comments

This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags in their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

Control0..*
This element is affected by the following invariants: dom-2, dom-4, dom-3, dom-5
TypeResource
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesinline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
14. Patient.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
16. Patient.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
18. Patient.identifier
Definition

An identifier for this patient.

Shortpatient identifier
NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control0..*
TypeIdentifier
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
20. Patient.active
Definition

Whether this patient record is in active use. Many systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization's business rules.

It is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients

Deceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death.

ShortWhether this patient's record is in active use
Comments

If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient.

Control0..1
Typeboolean
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that can indicate that a record should not be treated as valid
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error.

Meaning if MissingThis resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
22. Patient.name
Definition

A name associated with the individual.

ShortA name associated with the patient
Comments

A patient may have multiple names with different uses or applicable periods. For animals, the name is a "HumanName" in the sense that is assigned and used by humans and has the same patterns. Animal names may be communicated as given names, and optionally may include a family name.

Control1..*
TypeHumanName
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name. The Alphabetic representation of the name SHALL be always provided

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
24. Patient.name.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
Typeid
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
26. Patient.name.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.name.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
  • 28. Patient.name.use
    Definition

    Identifies the purpose for this name.

    Shortusual | official | temp | nickname | anonymous | old | maiden
    Comments

    Applications can assume that a name is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.

    Control0..1
    BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from NameUse
    (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|5.0.0)

    The use of a human name.

    Typecode
    Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old name etc.for a current/permanent one
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Allows the appropriate name for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of names.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    30. Patient.name.text
    Definition

    Text representation of the full name. Due to the cultural variance around the world a consuming system may not know how to present the name correctly; moreover not all the parts of the name go in given or family. Creators are therefore strongly encouraged to provide through this element a presented version of the name. Future versions of this guide may require this element

    ShortText representation of the full name
    Comments

    Can provide both a text representation and parts. Applications updating a name SHALL ensure that when both text and parts are present, no content is included in the text that isn't found in a part.

    Control0..1
    Typestring
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    A renderable, unencoded form.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    32. Patient.name.family
    Definition

    The part of a name that links to the genealogy. In some cultures (e.g. Eritrea) the family name of a son is the first name of his father.

    ShortFamily name (often called 'Surname')
    Comments

    Family Name may be decomposed into specific parts using extensions (de, nl, es related cultures).

    Control1..1
    Typestring
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Summarytrue
    Alternate Namessurname
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    34. Patient.name.given
    Definition

    Given name.

    ShortGiven names (not always 'first'). Includes middle names
    Comments

    If only initials are recorded, they may be used in place of the full name parts. Initials may be separated into multiple given names but often aren't due to paractical limitations. This element is not called "first name" since given names do not always come first.

    Control1..*
    Typestring
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Summarytrue
    Alternate Namesfirst name, middle name
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    36. Patient.name.prefix
    Definition

    Part of the name that is acquired as a title due to academic, legal, employment or nobility status, etc. and that appears at the start of the name.

    ShortParts that come before the name
    Control0..*
    Typestring
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Summarytrue
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    38. Patient.name.suffix
    Definition

    Part of the name that is acquired as a title due to academic, legal, employment or nobility status, etc. and that appears at the end of the name.

    ShortParts that come after the name
    Control0..*
    Typestring
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Summarytrue
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    40. Patient.name.period
    Definition

    Indicates the period of time when this name was valid for the named person.

    ShortTime period when name was/is in use
    Control0..1
    TypePeriod
    Is Modifierfalse
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Allows names to be placed in historical context.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    42. Patient.telecom
    Definition

    A contact detail (e.g. a telephone number or an email address) by which the individual may be contacted.

    ShortA contact detail for the patient
    Comments

    A Patient may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and also to help with identification. The address might not go directly to the individual, but may reach another party that is able to proxy for the patient (i.e. home phone, or pet owner's phone).

    Control0..*
    TypeContactPoint
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    44. Patient.gender
    Definition

    Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.

    ShortThe gender of the patient used for administrative purposes.
    Comments

    The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual's preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female. Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.) However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice. Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects. For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a "hard" error. See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex.

    Control0..1
    BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AdministrativeGender
    (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0)

    The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.

    Typecode
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Must Supportfalse
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    46. Patient.birthDate
    Definition

    The date of birth for the individual.

    ShortThe date of birth for the patient
    Comments

    Partial dates are allowed if the specific date of birth is unknown. There is a standard extension "patient-birthTime" available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems).

    Control1..1
    Typedate
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Must Supportfalse
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Age of the individual drives many clinical processes.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    LOINC Code21112-8
    48. Patient.deceased[x]
    Definition

    Indicates if the individual is deceased or not.

    ShortIndicates if the individual is deceased or not
    Comments

    If there's no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive.

    Control0..1
    TypeChoice of: boolean, dateTime
    [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
    Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because once a patient is marked as deceased, the actions that are appropriate to perform on the patient may be significantly different.
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Must Supportfalse
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    50. Patient.address
    Definition

    An address for the individual.

    ShortPatient Address
    Comments

    Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods.

    Control0..*
    TypeAddress
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    52. Patient.maritalStatus
    Definition

    This field contains a patient's most recent marital (civil) status.

    ShortMarital (civil) status of a patient
    Control0..1
    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from MaritalStatusCodes
    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/marital-status)

    The domestic partnership status of a person.

    TypeCodeableConcept
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Requirements

    Most, if not all systems capture it.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    54. Patient.multipleBirth[x]
    Definition

    Indicates whether the patient is part of a multiple (boolean) or indicates the actual birth order (integer).

    ShortWhether patient is part of a multiple birth
    Comments

    Where the valueInteger is provided, the number is the birth number in the sequence. E.g. The middle birth in triplets would be valueInteger=2 and the third born would have valueInteger=3 If a boolean value was provided for this triplets example, then all 3 patient records would have valueBoolean=true (the ordering is not indicated).

    Control0..1
    TypeChoice of: boolean, integer
    [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Must Supportfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Requirements

    For disambiguation of multiple-birth children, especially relevant where the care provider doesn't meet the patient, such as labs.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    56. Patient.photo
    Definition

    Image of the patient.

    ShortImage of the patient
    Comments

    Guidelines:

    • Use id photos, not clinical photos.
    • Limit dimensions to thumbnail.
    • Keep byte count low to ease resource updates.
    Control0..*
    TypeAttachment
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Requirements

    Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of the patient. Fits with newer social media usage too.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    58. Patient.contact
    Definition

    A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient.

    ShortA contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient
    Comments

    Contact covers all kinds of contact parties: family members, business contacts, guardians, caregivers. Not applicable to register pedigree and family ties beyond use of having contact.

    Control0..*
    TypeBackboneElement
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Requirements

    Need to track people you can contact about the patient.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    pat-1: SHALL at least contain a contact's details or a reference to an organization (name.exists() or telecom.exists() or address.exists() or organization.exists())
    60. Patient.contact.id
    Definition

    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
    Control0..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
    Typestring
    Is Modifierfalse
    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
    Summaryfalse
    62. Patient.contact.extension
    Definition

    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

    ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control0..*
    TypeExtension
    Is Modifierfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    64. Patient.contact.modifierExtension
    Definition

    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

    Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

    ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control0..*
    TypeExtension
    Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

    Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    66. Patient.contact.relationship
    Definition

    The nature of the relationship between the patient and the contact person.

    ShortThe kind of relationship
    Control0..*
    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from PatientContactRelationship
    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/patient-contactrelationship)

    The nature of the relationship between a patient and a contact person for that patient.

    TypeCodeableConcept
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Requirements

    Used to determine which contact person is the most relevant to approach, depending on circumstances.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    68. Patient.contact.name
    Definition

    A name associated with the contact person.

    ShortA name associated with the contact person
    Control0..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: pat-1
    TypeHumanName
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Requirements

    Contact persons need to be identified by name, but it is uncommon to need details about multiple other names for that contact person.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    70. Patient.contact.name.id
    Definition

    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
    Control0..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
    Typeid
    Is Modifierfalse
    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
    Summaryfalse
    72. Patient.contact.name.extension
    Definition

    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

    ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control0..*
    TypeExtension
    Is Modifierfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.contact.name.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
    • value @ url
    • 74. Patient.contact.name.use
      Definition

      Identifies the purpose for this name.

      Shortusual | official | temp | nickname | anonymous | old | maiden
      Comments

      Applications can assume that a name is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.

      Control0..1
      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from NameUse
      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|5.0.0)

      The use of a human name.

      Typecode
      Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old name etc.for a current/permanent one
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Allows the appropriate name for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of names.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      76. Patient.contact.name.text
      Definition

      Specifies the entire name as it should be displayed e.g. on an application UI. This may be provided instead of or as well as the specific parts.

      ShortText representation of the full name
      Comments

      Can provide both a text representation and parts. Applications updating a name SHALL ensure that when both text and parts are present, no content is included in the text that isn't found in a part.

      Control0..1
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      A renderable, unencoded form.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      78. Patient.contact.name.family
      Definition

      The part of a name that links to the genealogy. In some cultures (e.g. Eritrea) the family name of a son is the first name of his father.

      ShortFamily name (often called 'Surname')
      Comments

      Family Name may be decomposed into specific parts using extensions (de, nl, es related cultures).

      Control1..1
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Alternate Namessurname
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      80. Patient.contact.name.given
      Definition

      Given name.

      ShortGiven names (not always 'first'). Includes middle names
      Comments

      If only initials are recorded, they may be used in place of the full name parts. Initials may be separated into multiple given names but often aren't due to paractical limitations. This element is not called "first name" since given names do not always come first.

      Control1..*
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Alternate Namesfirst name, middle name
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      82. Patient.contact.name.prefix
      Definition

      Part of the name that is acquired as a title due to academic, legal, employment or nobility status, etc. and that appears at the start of the name.

      ShortParts that come before the name
      Control0..*
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      84. Patient.contact.name.suffix
      Definition

      Part of the name that is acquired as a title due to academic, legal, employment or nobility status, etc. and that appears at the end of the name.

      ShortParts that come after the name
      Control0..*
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      86. Patient.contact.name.period
      Definition

      Indicates the period of time when this name was valid for the named person.

      ShortTime period when name was/is in use
      Control0..1
      TypePeriod
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Allows names to be placed in historical context.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      88. Patient.contact.telecom
      Definition

      A contact detail for the person, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.

      ShortContact details for the person
      Comments

      Contact may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently, and also to help with identification.

      Control0..*
      This element is affected by the following invariants: pat-1
      TypeContactPoint
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supportfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      90. Patient.contact.address
      Definition

      Address for the contact person.

      ShortContact person address
      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: pat-1
      TypeAddress
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supportfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      Need to keep track where the contact person can be contacted per postal mail or visited.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      92. Patient.contact.gender
      Definition

      Administrative Gender - the gender that the contact person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.

      Shortmale | female | other | unknown
      Control0..1
      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AdministrativeGender
      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0)

      The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.

      Typecode
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supportfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      Needed to address the person correctly.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      94. Patient.contact.organization
      Definition

      Organization on behalf of which the contact is acting or for which the contact is working.

      ShortOrganization that is associated with the contact
      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: pat-1
      TypeReference(Organization)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supportfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      For guardians or business related contacts, the organization is relevant.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      96. Patient.contact.period
      Definition

      The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient.

      ShortThe period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient
      Control0..1
      TypePeriod
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supportfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      98. Patient.communication
      Definition

      A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health.

      ShortA language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health
      Comments

      If no language is specified, this implies that the default local language is spoken. If you need to convey proficiency for multiple modes, then you need multiple Patient.Communication associations. For animals, language is not a relevant field, and should be absent from the instance. If the Patient does not speak the default local language, then the Interpreter Required Standard can be used to explicitly declare that an interpreter is required.

      Control0..*
      TypeBackboneElement
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supportfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      If a patient does not speak the local language, interpreters may be required, so languages spoken and proficiency are important things to keep track of both for patient and other persons of interest.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      100. Patient.communication.id
      Definition

      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
      Summaryfalse
      102. Patient.communication.extension
      Definition

      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

      ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
      Comments

      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

      Control0..*
      TypeExtension
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Alternate Namesextensions, user content
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      104. Patient.communication.modifierExtension
      Definition

      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

      Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

      ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
      Comments

      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

      Control0..*
      TypeExtension
      Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

      Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      106. Patient.communication.language
      Definition

      The ISO-639-1 alpha 2 code in lower case for the language, optionally followed by a hyphen and the ISO-3166-1 alpha 2 code for the region in upper case; e.g. "en" for English, or "en-US" for American English versus "en-AU" for Australian English.

      ShortCommunication language
      Comments

      The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems actually code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.

      Control1..1
      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AllLanguages
      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|5.0.0)

      IETF language tag for a human language

      TypeCodeableConcept
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supportfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      Most systems in multilingual countries will want to convey language. Not all systems actually need the regional dialect.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      108. Patient.communication.preferred
      Definition

      Indicates whether or not the patient prefers this language (over other languages he masters up a certain level).

      ShortLanguage preference indicator
      Comments

      This language is specifically identified for communicating healthcare information.

      Control0..1
      Typeboolean
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supportfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      People that master multiple languages up to certain level may prefer one or more, i.e. feel more confident in communicating in a particular language making other languages sort of a fall back method.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      110. Patient.generalPractitioner
      Definition

      Patient's nominated care provider.

      ShortPatient's nominated primary care provider.
      Comments

      This may be the primary care provider (in a GP context), or it may be a patient nominated care manager in a community/disability setting, or even organization that will provide people to perform the care provider roles. It is not to be used to record Care Teams, these should be in a CareTeam resource that may be linked to the CarePlan or EpisodeOfCare resources. Multiple GPs may be recorded against the patient for various reasons, such as a student that has his home GP listed along with the GP at university during the school semesters, or a "fly-in/fly-out" worker that has the onsite GP also included with his home GP to remain aware of medical issues.

      Jurisdictions may decide that they can profile this down to 1 if desired, or 1 per type.

      Control0..*
      TypeReference(Organization, PractitionerRole)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supportfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Alternate NamescareProvider
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      112. Patient.managingOrganization
      Definition

      Organization that is the custodian of the patient record.

      ShortOrganization that is the custodian of the patient record
      Comments

      There is only one managing organization for a specific patient record. Other organizations will have their own Patient record, and may use the Link property to join the records together (or a Person resource which can include confidence ratings for the association).

      Control0..1
      TypeReference(Organization)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supportfalse
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Need to know who recognizes this patient record, manages and updates it.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      114. Patient.link
      Definition

      Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.

      ShortLink to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual
      Comments

      There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links.

      Control0..*
      TypeBackboneElement
      Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because it might not be the main Patient resource, and the referenced patient should be used instead of this Patient record. This is when the link.type value is 'replaced-by'
      Must Supportfalse
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      There are multiple use cases:

      • Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and
      • Distribution of patient information across multiple servers.
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      116. Patient.link.id
      Definition

      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
      Summaryfalse
      118. Patient.link.extension
      Definition

      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

      ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
      Comments

      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

      Control0..*
      TypeExtension
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Alternate Namesextensions, user content
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      120. Patient.link.modifierExtension
      Definition

      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

      Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

      ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
      Comments

      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

      Control0..*
      TypeExtension
      Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

      Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      122. Patient.link.other
      Definition

      Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.

      ShortThe other patient or related person resource that the link refers to
      Comments

      Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual.

      Control1..1
      TypeReference(Patient, RelatedPerson)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supportfalse
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      124. Patient.link.type
      Definition

      The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource.

      Shortreplaced-by | replaces | refer | seealso
      Control1..1
      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from LinkType
      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|5.0.0)

      The type of link between this patient resource and another Patient resource, or Patient/RelatedPerson when using the seealso code

      Typecode
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supportfalse
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))