HealthSense Implementation Guide (Taltech), published by Taltech. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 0.1.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/e-medlab/healthsense/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

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Resource Profile: Vital Signs - Blood Pressure

Vererõhu profiil

Usages:

• Examples for this Profile: Observation/BloodPressureExample

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

• Key Elements Table
• Differential Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	HsObservation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Vital Signs
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Slices for coding	Σ	1..3	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:bpGeneral	SΣ	1..1	Coding	Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 75367002
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpLoinc	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Blood pressure panel with all children optional Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure panel with all children optional)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying blood pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163033001
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163035008
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing blood pressure reading)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163034007
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
performer	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Organization | PractitionerRole)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	0..1		Actual result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueRange			Range
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
bodySite	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: BloodPressure body site value set (required)
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Väärtus 1156040003 tähendab patsiendi teostatud mõõtmist Binding: VitalSign methods value set (required)
Slices for component	Σ	2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
component:systolicBP	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271649006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Systolic blood pressure
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for coding	Σ	0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:systolicBPLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407556006
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:systolicBPSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407554009
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:systolicBPStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400974009
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
component:diastolicBP	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271650006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Diastolic blood pressure
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for coding	Σ	0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:diastolicBPLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407557002
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:diastolicBPSysSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407555005
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:diastolicBPSysStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400975005
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	required	BloodPressure body site value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.method	Base	required	VitalSign methods value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:systolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:diastolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

This structure is derived from HsObservation

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation		0..*	HsObservation	Measurements and simple assertions
status		1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Fixed Value: final
category		1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Vital Signs
code
Slices for coding		1..3	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:bpGeneral	S	1..1	Coding	Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 75367002
coding:bpLoinc	S	0..1	Coding	Blood pressure panel with all children optional Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure panel with all children optional)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
coding:bpLying	S	0..1	Coding	Lying blood pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying blood pressure)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163033001
coding:bpSitting	S	0..1	Coding	Sitting Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting blood pressure)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163035008
coding:bpStanding	S	0..1	Coding	Standing Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing blood pressure reading)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163034007
bodySite	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: BloodPressure body site value set (required)
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Väärtus 1156040003 tähendab patsiendi teostatud mõõtmist Binding: VitalSign methods value set (required)
hasMember		0..0		Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
Slices for component		2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:systolicBP	S	1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271649006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Systolic blood pressure
Slices for coding		0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:systolicBPLying	S	0..1	Coding	Lying Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407556006
coding:systolicBPSitting	S	0..1	Coding	Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407554009
coding:systolicBPStanding	S	0..1	Coding	Standing Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400974009
value[x]		0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
component:diastolicBP	S	1..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271650006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Diastolic blood pressure
Slices for coding		0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:diastolicBPLying	S	0..1	Coding	Lying Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407557002
coding:diastolicBPSysSitting	S	0..1	Coding	Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407555005
coding:diastolicBPSysStanding	S	0..1	Coding	Standing Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400975005
value[x]		0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.bodySite	Base	required	BloodPressure body site value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.method	Base	required	VitalSign methods value set	📦0.1.0	This IG

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	HsObservation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Vital Signs
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	1..3	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:bpGeneral	SΣ	1..1	Coding	Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 75367002
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpLoinc	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Blood pressure panel with all children optional Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure panel with all children optional)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying blood pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163033001
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163035008
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing blood pressure reading)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163034007
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Organization | PractitionerRole)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	0..1		Actual result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueRange			Range
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: BloodPressure body site value set (required)
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Väärtus 1156040003 tähendab patsiendi teostatud mõõtmist Binding: VitalSign methods value set (required)
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	Σ	2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:systolicBP	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271649006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Systolic blood pressure
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:systolicBPLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407556006
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:systolicBPSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407554009
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:systolicBPStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400974009
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:diastolicBP	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271650006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Diastolic blood pressure
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:diastolicBPLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407557002
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:diastolicBPSysSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407555005
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:diastolicBPSysStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400975005
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.language	Base	preferred	Common Languages	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	required	BloodPressure body site value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.method	Base	required	VitalSign methods value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	preferred	Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:systolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:systolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:systolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:diastolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:diastolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:diastolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text	low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

This structure is derived from HsObservation

Summary

Mandatory: 5 elements
Must-Support: 15 elements
Fixed: 12 elements
Prohibited: 1 element

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.code.coding
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component.code.coding

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	HsObservation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Vital Signs
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
Slices for coding	Σ	1..3	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:bpGeneral	SΣ	1..1	Coding	Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 75367002
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpLoinc	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Blood pressure panel with all children optional Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure panel with all children optional)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying blood pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163033001
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163035008
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing blood pressure reading)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163034007
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
performer	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Organization | PractitionerRole)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	0..1		Actual result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueRange			Range
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
bodySite	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: BloodPressure body site value set (required)
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Väärtus 1156040003 tähendab patsiendi teostatud mõõtmist Binding: VitalSign methods value set (required)
Slices for component	Σ	2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
component:systolicBP	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271649006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Systolic blood pressure
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for coding	Σ	0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:systolicBPLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407556006
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:systolicBPSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407554009
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:systolicBPStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400974009
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
component:diastolicBP	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271650006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Diastolic blood pressure
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for coding	Σ	0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:diastolicBPLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407557002
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:diastolicBPSysSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407555005
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:diastolicBPSysStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400975005
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	required	BloodPressure body site value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.method	Base	required	VitalSign methods value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:systolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:diastolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Differential View

This structure is derived from HsObservation

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation		0..*	HsObservation	Measurements and simple assertions
status		1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Fixed Value: final
category		1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Vital Signs
code
Slices for coding		1..3	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:bpGeneral	S	1..1	Coding	Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 75367002
coding:bpLoinc	S	0..1	Coding	Blood pressure panel with all children optional Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure panel with all children optional)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
coding:bpLying	S	0..1	Coding	Lying blood pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying blood pressure)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163033001
coding:bpSitting	S	0..1	Coding	Sitting Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting blood pressure)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163035008
coding:bpStanding	S	0..1	Coding	Standing Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing blood pressure reading)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163034007
bodySite	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: BloodPressure body site value set (required)
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Väärtus 1156040003 tähendab patsiendi teostatud mõõtmist Binding: VitalSign methods value set (required)
hasMember		0..0		Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
Slices for component		2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:systolicBP	S	1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271649006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Systolic blood pressure
Slices for coding		0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:systolicBPLying	S	0..1	Coding	Lying Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407556006
coding:systolicBPSitting	S	0..1	Coding	Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407554009
coding:systolicBPStanding	S	0..1	Coding	Standing Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400974009
value[x]		0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
component:diastolicBP	S	1..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271650006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Diastolic blood pressure
Slices for coding		0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:diastolicBPLying	S	0..1	Coding	Lying Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407557002
coding:diastolicBPSysSitting	S	0..1	Coding	Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407555005
coding:diastolicBPSysStanding	S	0..1	Coding	Standing Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400975005
value[x]		0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.bodySite	Base	required	BloodPressure body site value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.method	Base	required	VitalSign methods value set	📦0.1.0	This IG

Snapshot View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	HsObservation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Vital Signs
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	1..3	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:bpGeneral	SΣ	1..1	Coding	Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 75367002
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpLoinc	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Blood pressure panel with all children optional Fixed Value: As shown (Blood pressure panel with all children optional)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 85354-9
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying blood pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163033001
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting blood pressure)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163035008
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:bpStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing blood pressure reading)
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 163034007
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	SΣ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Organization | PractitionerRole)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	0..1		Actual result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueRange			Range
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: BloodPressure body site value set (required)
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Väärtus 1156040003 tähendab patsiendi teostatud mõõtmist Binding: VitalSign methods value set (required)
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	Σ	2..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:systolicBP	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271649006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Systolic blood pressure
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:systolicBPLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407556006
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:systolicBPSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407554009
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:systolicBPStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Systolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing systolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400974009
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:diastolicBP	SΣ	1..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 271650006
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Diastolic blood pressure
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	0..2	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:diastolicBPLying	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Lying Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Lying diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407557002
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:diastolicBPSysSitting	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Sitting diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 407555005
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
coding:diastolicBPSysStanding	SΣ	0..1	Coding	Standing Diastolic Blood Pressure Fixed Value: As shown (Standing diastolic blood pressure (observable entity))
id		0..0	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..0	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 400975005
display		0..0	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..0	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	Σ	0..1	Quantity	Actual component result Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
value		0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator		0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
unit		1..1	string	Unit representation Fixed Value: mmHg
system		1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.language	Base	preferred	Common Languages	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	required	BloodPressure body site value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.method	Base	required	VitalSign methods value set	📦0.1.0	This IG
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	preferred	Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:systolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:systolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:systolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:diastolicBP.​code	Base	example	LOINC Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:diastolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:diastolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text	low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

This structure is derived from HsObservation

Summary

Mandatory: 5 elements
Must-Support: 15 elements
Fixed: 12 elements
Prohibited: 1 element

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.code.coding
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component.code.coding