Process

Increased score indicates improvement

define "Initial Population":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    where AgeInYearsAt(date from start of(EDwithSTEMI.period)) >= 18

define "Denominator":
  "Initial Population"

define "Denominator Exclusions":
  "Allergy or Intolerance to Thrombolytic Medications Overlaps ED Encounter"
    union "Adverse Effect to Thrombolytic Medications Before End of ED Encounter"
    union "Active Exclusion Diagnosis at Start of ED Encounter"
    union "Active use of Anticoagulants"
    union "Exclusion Diagnosis During ED Encounter or Within 24 Hours of ED Encounter Start"
    union "Major Surgical Procedure 21 Days or Less Before Start of ED Encounter"
    union "Intubation or Mechanical Circulatory Assist Device Placement or Removal Procedure During ED Encounter or Within 24 Hours of ED Encounter Start"
    union "Active Exclusion Diagnosis Within 90 Days Before or At the Start of ED Encounter"
    union "Intracranial or Intraspinal Procedure 90 Days or Less Before Start of ED Encounter"
    union "ED Encounter with Discharge Disposition as Patient Expired"
    union "ED Encounter with Discharge Disposition as Left Against Medical Advice"
    union "ED Encounter with Hospice Services"

define "Numerator":
  "Fibrinolytic Therapy within 30 Minutes of Arrival"
    union "PCI within 90 Minutes of Arrival"
    union "ED Departure with Transfer to Acute Care Facility Within 45 Minutes of Arrival"

define "Denominator Exceptions":
  "Received tPA in Another Facility within 24 hours Prior to Admission"
    union "ED Encounter with a Documented Reason for No PCI Performed Within 90 Minutes of ED Arrival"
    union "ED Encounter with a Documented Reason for Not Administering Fibrinolytic Therapy Within 30 Minutes of ED Arrival"

define "SDE Sex":
  case
    when Patient.gender = 'male' then "M"
    when Patient.gender = 'female' then "F"
    else null
  end

define "SDE Sex":
  SDE."SDE Sex"

define "ED Encounter During MP":
  ["Encounter": "Emergency Department Evaluation and Management Visit"] EDEncounter
    where EDEncounter.period ends during day of "Measurement Period"
      and EDEncounter.status = 'finished'
      and EDEncounter.class ~ "EMER"

define "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis":
  "ED Encounter During MP" EDEncounter
    where ( EDEncounter.reasonCode in "STEMI"
        or exists ( ( EDEncounter.encounterDiagnosis ( ) ) EncDiagnosis
            where EncDiagnosis.code in "STEMI"
        )
        or exists ( ["Condition": "STEMI"] DxSTEMI
            where DxSTEMI.clinicalStatus ~ QICoreCommon."active"
              and DxSTEMI.prevalenceInterval ( ) starts during EDEncounter.period
        )
    )

define "Fibrinolytic Therapy within 30 Minutes of Arrival":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ["MedicationAdministration": "Fibrinolytic Therapy"] Fibrinolytic
      such that Fibrinolytic.status = 'completed'
        and start of ( Fibrinolytic.effective.toInterval ( ) ) 30 minutes or less after EDwithSTEMI.currentemergencyDepartmentArrivalTime ( )

define "PCI within 90 Minutes of Arrival":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ["Procedure": "Percutaneous Coronary Intervention"] PCI
      such that PCI.performed.toInterval ( ) starts 90 minutes or less after EDwithSTEMI.currentemergencyDepartmentArrivalTime ( )
        and PCI.status = 'completed'

define "ED Departure with Transfer to Acute Care Facility Within 45 Minutes of Arrival":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    where EDwithSTEMI.currentemergencyDepartmentDepartTime ( ) 45 minutes or less after EDwithSTEMI.currentemergencyDepartmentArrivalTime ( )
      and EDwithSTEMI.hospitalization.dischargeDisposition in "Discharge To Acute Care Facility"

define "Numerator":
  "Fibrinolytic Therapy within 30 Minutes of Arrival"
    union "PCI within 90 Minutes of Arrival"
    union "ED Departure with Transfer to Acute Care Facility Within 45 Minutes of Arrival"

define "Initial Population":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    where AgeInYearsAt(date from start of(EDwithSTEMI.period)) >= 18

define "Denominator":
  "Initial Population"

define "SDE Payer":
  [Coverage: type in "Payer Type"] Payer
    return {
      code: Payer.type,
      period: Payer.period
    }

define "SDE Payer":
  SDE."SDE Payer"

define "SDE Ethnicity":
  Patient.ethnicity E
    return Tuple {
      codes: { E.ombCategory } union E.detailed,
      display: E.text
    }

define "SDE Ethnicity":
  SDE."SDE Ethnicity"

define "Allergy or Intolerance to Thrombolytic Medications Overlaps ED Encounter":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwSTEMI
    with ["AllergyIntolerance": "Thrombolytic medications"] ThrombolyticAllergy
      such that ThrombolyticAllergy.clinicalStatus ~ QICoreCommon."allergy-active"
        and ThrombolyticAllergy.onset.toInterval ( ) overlaps ( EDwSTEMI.period )

define "Adverse Effect to Thrombolytic Medications Before End of ED Encounter":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwSTEMI
    with [AdverseEvent: event in "Thrombolytics Adverse Event"] ThrombolyticAdverseEvent
      such that ThrombolyticAdverseEvent.recordedDate before end of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
        and ThrombolyticAdverseEvent.actuality = 'actual'

define "Active Exclusion Diagnosis at Start of ED Encounter":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ( ["Condition": "Active Bleeding Excluding Menses or Bleeding Diathesis"]
      union ["Condition": "Malignant Intracranial Neoplasm Group"]
      union ["Condition": "Cerebral Vascular Lesion"]
      union ["Condition": "Dementia and Related Intracranial Pathologies"]
      union ["Condition": "Pregnant State"]
      union ["Condition": "Allergy to thrombolytics"] ) ActiveExclusionDx
      such that ActiveExclusionDx.prevalenceInterval ( ) overlaps before ( EDwithSTEMI.period )

define "Active Oral Anticoagulant Medication at the Start of ED Encounter":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ["MedicationRequest": "Oral Anticoagulant Medications"] OralAnticoagulant
      such that OralAnticoagulant.status = 'active'
        and OralAnticoagulant.intent = 'order'
        and OralAnticoagulant.authoredOn 90 days or less before or on start of EDwithSTEMI.period

define "Active Long Term use of Anticoagulants":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ["Condition": "Long term (current) use of anticoagulants"] LongTermAnticoagulant
      such that ( LongTermAnticoagulant.prevalenceInterval ( ) starts before or on start of EDwithSTEMI.period
          and LongTermAnticoagulant.prevalenceInterval ( ) ends on or after start of EDwithSTEMI.period
      )

define "Active use of Anticoagulants":
  "Active Oral Anticoagulant Medication at the Start of ED Encounter"
    union "Active Long Term use of Anticoagulants"

define "Exclusion Diagnosis During ED Encounter or Within 24 Hours of ED Encounter Start":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ( ["Condition": "Aortic Dissection or Ruptured Aortic Aneurysm"]
      union ["Condition": "Neurologic impairment"]
      union ["Condition": "Angina pectoris with documented spasm"]
      union ["Condition": "Ventricular aneurysm due to and following acute myocardial infarction (disorder)"]
      union ["Condition": "Aneurysm of heart"]
      union ["Condition": "Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (disorder)"]
      union ["Condition": "Takotsubo syndrome"]
      union ["Condition": "Cardiopulmonary Arrest"] ) ExclusionDiagnosis
      such that ( ExclusionDiagnosis.prevalenceInterval ( ) starts during EDwithSTEMI.period )
        or ( ExclusionDiagnosis.prevalenceInterval ( ) starts 24 hours or less before start of EDwithSTEMI.period )

define "Major Surgical Procedure 21 Days or Less Before Start of ED Encounter":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ["Procedure": "Major Surgical Procedure"] MajorSurgery
      such that MajorSurgery.performed.toInterval ( ) starts 21 days or less before start of ( EDwithSTEMI.period )
        and MajorSurgery.status = 'completed'

define "Intubation or Mechanical Circulatory Assist Device Placement or Removal Procedure During ED Encounter or Within 24 Hours of ED Encounter Start":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ( ["Procedure": "Endotracheal Intubation"]
      union ["Procedure": "Insertion, Replacement, or Removal of Mechanical Circulatory Assist Device"] ) AirwayProcedure
      such that ( ( AirwayProcedure.performed.toInterval ( ) starts during ( EDwithSTEMI.period ) )
          or ( AirwayProcedure.performed.toInterval ( ) starts 24 hours or less before start of ( EDwithSTEMI.period ) )
      )
        and AirwayProcedure.status = 'completed'

define "Active Exclusion Diagnosis Within 90 Days Before or At the Start of ED Encounter":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwSTEMI
    with ( ["Condition": "Ischemic Stroke"]
      union ["Condition": "Closed Head and Facial Trauma"]
      union ["Condition": "Active Peptic Ulcer"] ) ExclusionCondition
      such that ExclusionCondition.prevalenceInterval ( ) starts during Interval[start of ( EDwSTEMI.period ) - 90 days, start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )]

define "Intracranial or Intraspinal Procedure 90 Days or Less Before Start of ED Encounter":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ["Procedure": "Intracranial or Intraspinal surgery"] CranialorSpinalSurgery
      such that CranialorSpinalSurgery.performed.toInterval ( ) starts 90 days or less before start of ( EDwithSTEMI.period )
        and CranialorSpinalSurgery.status = 'completed'

define "ED Encounter with Discharge Disposition as Patient Expired":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    where EDwithSTEMI.hospitalization.dischargeDisposition in "Patient Expired"

define "ED Encounter with Discharge Disposition as Left Against Medical Advice":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwSTEMI
    where EDwSTEMI.hospitalization.dischargeDisposition in "Left Against Medical Advice"

define "ED Encounter with Hospice Services":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwSTEMI
    where ( exists ( ( ( [Encounter: "Encounter Inpatient"] ).isEncounterPerformed ( ) ) InpatientEncounter
          where ( InpatientEncounter.hospitalization.dischargeDisposition ~ "Discharge to home for hospice care (procedure)"
              or InpatientEncounter.hospitalization.dischargeDisposition ~ "Discharge to healthcare facility for hospice care (procedure)"
          )
            and InpatientEncounter.period.toInterval ( ) starts before or on start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
            and ( InpatientEncounter.period.toInterval ( ) ends 6 months or less before day of start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
                or InpatientEncounter.period.toInterval ( ) ends on or after start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
            )
      )
        or exists ( ( ( [Encounter: "Hospice Encounter"] ).isEncounterPerformed ( ) ) HospiceEncounter
            where HospiceEncounter.period.toInterval ( ) starts before or on start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
              and ( HospiceEncounter.period.toInterval ( ) ends 6 months or less before day of start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
                  or HospiceEncounter.period.toInterval ( ) ends on or after start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
              )
        )
        or exists ( ( ( [Observation: "Hospice care [Minimum Data Set]"] ).isAssessmentPerformed ( ) ) HospiceAssessment
            where HospiceAssessment.value ~ "Yes (qualifier value)"
              and HospiceAssessment.effective.toInterval ( ) starts before or on start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
              and ( HospiceAssessment.effective.toInterval ( ) ends 6 months or less before day of start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
                  or HospiceAssessment.effective.toInterval ( ) ends on or after start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
              )
        )
        or exists ( ( ( [ServiceRequest: "Hospice Care Ambulatory"] ).isInterventionOrder ( ) ) HospiceOrder
            where HospiceOrder.authoredOn.toInterval ( ) 6 months or less before start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
        )
        or exists ( ( ( [Procedure: "Hospice Care Ambulatory"] ).isInterventionPerformed ( ) ) HospicePerformed
            where HospicePerformed.performed.toInterval ( ) starts before or on start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
              and ( HospicePerformed.performed.toInterval ( ) ends 6 months or less before day of start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
                  or HospicePerformed.performed.toInterval ( ) ends on or after start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
              )
        )
        or exists ( ( [Condition: "Hospice Diagnosis"] ) HospiceCareDiagnosis
            where HospiceCareDiagnosis.prevalenceInterval ( ) ends on or after start of ( EDwSTEMI.period )
        )
    )

define "Denominator Exclusions":
  "Allergy or Intolerance to Thrombolytic Medications Overlaps ED Encounter"
    union "Adverse Effect to Thrombolytic Medications Before End of ED Encounter"
    union "Active Exclusion Diagnosis at Start of ED Encounter"
    union "Active use of Anticoagulants"
    union "Exclusion Diagnosis During ED Encounter or Within 24 Hours of ED Encounter Start"
    union "Major Surgical Procedure 21 Days or Less Before Start of ED Encounter"
    union "Intubation or Mechanical Circulatory Assist Device Placement or Removal Procedure During ED Encounter or Within 24 Hours of ED Encounter Start"
    union "Active Exclusion Diagnosis Within 90 Days Before or At the Start of ED Encounter"
    union "Intracranial or Intraspinal Procedure 90 Days or Less Before Start of ED Encounter"
    union "ED Encounter with Discharge Disposition as Patient Expired"
    union "ED Encounter with Discharge Disposition as Left Against Medical Advice"
    union "ED Encounter with Hospice Services"

define "SDE Race":
  Patient.race R
    return Tuple {
      codes: R.ombCategory union R.detailed,
      display: R.text
    }

define "SDE Race":
  SDE."SDE Race"

define "Received tPA in Another Facility within 24 hours Prior to Admission":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwithSTEMI
    with ( ["Condition": "Status post administration of tPA (rtPA) in a different facility within the last 24 hours prior to admission to current facility"] ) TPA
      such that TPA.prevalenceInterval ( ) starts during EDwithSTEMI.period

define "Documented Reason for No PCI Performed Within 90 Minutes of ED Arrival":
  ["ProcedureNotDone": "Percutaneous Coronary Intervention"] PCINotDone
    where ( PCINotDone.statusReason in "Patient Refusal"
        or PCINotDone.statusReason in "Procedure Not Indicated/Contraindicated"
    )
    return {
      id: PCINotDone.id,
      authoredOn: PCINotDone.recorded
    }

define "ED Encounter with a Documented Reason for No PCI Performed Within 90 Minutes of ED Arrival":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwSTEMI
    with "Documented Reason for No PCI Performed Within 90 Minutes of ED Arrival" NoPCI
      such that NoPCI.authoredOn during EDwSTEMI.period

define "Documented Reason for Not Administering Fibrinolytic Therapy Within 30 Minutes of ED Arrival":
  ["MedicationAdministrationNotDone": "Fibrinolytic Therapy"] FibrinolyticNoMed
    where ( FibrinolyticNoMed.statusReason in "Patient Refusal"
        or FibrinolyticNoMed.statusReason in "Drug Intervention Not Indicated/Contraindicated"
    )
    return {
      id: FibrinolyticNoMed.id,
      authoredOn: FibrinolyticNoMed.recorded
    }

define "ED Encounter with a Documented Reason for Not Administering Fibrinolytic Therapy Within 30 Minutes of ED Arrival":
  "ED Encounter with STEMI Diagnosis" EDwSTEMI
    with "Documented Reason for Not Administering Fibrinolytic Therapy Within 30 Minutes of ED Arrival" NoFibrinolytic
      such that NoFibrinolytic.authoredOn during EDwSTEMI.period

define "Denominator Exceptions":
  "Received tPA in Another Facility within 24 hours Prior to Admission"
    union "ED Encounter with a Documented Reason for No PCI Performed Within 90 Minutes of ED Arrival"
    union "ED Encounter with a Documented Reason for Not Administering Fibrinolytic Therapy Within 30 Minutes of ED Arrival"

/*
@description: Converts the given FHIR [CodeableConcept](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#CodeableConcept) value to a CQL Concept.
*/
define function ToConcept(concept FHIR.CodeableConcept):
    if concept is null then
        null
    else
        System.Concept {
            codes: concept.coding C return ToCode(C),
            display: concept.text.value
        }

/*
@description: Returns the Condition resources referenced by the diagnosis element of the Encounter
*/
define fluent function encounterDiagnosis(Encounter Encounter ):
  Encounter.diagnosis D
    return singleton from ([Condition] C where C.id = D.condition.reference.getId())

/*
@description: Returns the tail of the given uri (i.e. everything after the last slash in the URI).
@comment: This function can be used to determine the logical id of a given resource. It can be used in
a single-server environment to trace references. However, this function does not attempt to resolve
or distinguish the base of the given url, and so cannot be used safely in multi-server environments.
*/
define fluent function getId(uri String):
  Last(Split(uri, '/'))

/*
@description: Returns an interval representing the normalized prevalence period of a given Condition.
@comment: Uses the ToInterval and ToAbatementInterval functions to determine the widest potential interval from
onset to abatement as specified in the given Condition. If the condition is active, or has an abatement date the resulting 
interval will have a closed ending boundary. Otherwise, the resulting interval will have an open ending boundary.
*/
define fluent function prevalenceInterval(condition Condition):
if condition.clinicalStatus ~ "active"
  or condition.clinicalStatus ~ "recurrence"
  or condition.clinicalStatus ~ "relapse" then
  Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), end of condition.abatementInterval()]
else
    (end of condition.abatementInterval()) abatementDate
    return if abatementDate is null then
      Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate)
    else
      Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate]

define fluent function currentemergencyDepartmentArrivalTime(EDEncounter Encounter):
  start of ( singleton from ( ( ( EDEncounter.location ) ) EDLocation
        where CQMCommon.GetLocation ( EDLocation.location ).type in "Emergency Department Visit"
    )
  ).period

/*
@description: Returns the Location resource specified by the given reference
@deprecated: This function is deprecated. Use the fluent function `getLocation()` instead.
*/
define function "GetLocation"(reference Reference ):
  singleton from (
    [Location] L where L.id = reference.reference.getId()
  )

define fluent function currentemergencyDepartmentDepartTime(EDEncounter Encounter):
  end of ( singleton from ( ( ( EDEncounter.location ) ) EDLocation
        where CQMCommon.GetLocation ( EDLocation.location ).type in "Emergency Department Visit"
    )
  ).period

define function ToString(value uri): value.value

/*
@description: Converts the given FHIR [Coding](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Coding) value to a CQL Code.
*/
define function ToCode(coding FHIR.Coding):
    if coding is null then
        null
    else
        System.Code {
          code: coding.code.value,
          system: coding.system.value,
          version: coding.version.value,
          display: coding.display.value
        }

//Encounter, Performed
//General usage unless required otherwise by measure intent (e.g., follow-up encounters)
define fluent function isEncounterPerformed(Enc List<Encounter>):
  Enc E
    where E.status in {'finished', 'arrived', 'triaged', 'in-progress', 'onleave'}

/*
@description: Normalizes a value that is a choice of timing-valued types to an equivalent interval
@comment: Normalizes a choice type of DateTime, Quanitty, Interval<DateTime>, or Interval<Quantity> types
to an equivalent interval. This selection of choice types is a superset of the majority of choice types that are used as possible
representations for timing-valued elements in QICore, allowing this function to be used across any resource.
The input can be provided as a DateTime, Quantity, Interval<DateTime> or Interval<Quantity>.
The intent of this function is to provide a clear and concise mechanism to treat single
elements that have multiple possible representations as intervals so that logic doesn't have to account
for the variability. More complex calculations (such as medication request period or dispense period
calculation) need specific guidance and consideration. That guidance may make use of this function, but
the focus of this function is on single element calculations where the semantics are unambiguous.
If the input is a DateTime, the result a DateTime Interval beginning and ending on that DateTime.
If the input is a Quantity, the quantity is expected to be a calendar-duration interpreted as an Age,
and the result is a DateTime Interval beginning on the Date the patient turned that age and ending immediately before one year later.
If the input is a DateTime Interval, the result is the input.
If the input is a Quantity Interval, the quantities are expected to be calendar-durations interpreted as an Age, and the result
is a DateTime Interval beginning on the date the patient turned the age given as the start of the quantity interval, and ending
immediately before one year later than the date the patient turned the age given as the end of the quantity interval.
If the input is a Timing, an error will be thrown indicating that Timing calculations are not implemented. Any other input will reslt in a null DateTime Interval
*/
define fluent function toInterval(choice Choice<DateTime, Quantity, Interval<DateTime>, Interval<Quantity>, Timing>):
  case
	  when choice is DateTime then
    	Interval[choice as DateTime, choice as DateTime]
		when choice is Interval<DateTime> then
  		choice as Interval<DateTime>
		when choice is Quantity then
		  Interval[Patient.birthDate + (choice as Quantity),
			  Patient.birthDate + (choice as Quantity) + 1 year)
		when choice is Interval<Quantity> then
		  Interval[Patient.birthDate + (choice.low as Quantity),
			  Patient.birthDate + (choice.high as Quantity) + 1 year)
		when choice is Timing then
      Message(null, true, 'NOT_IMPLEMENTED', 'Error', 'Calculation of an interval from a Timing value is not supported') as Interval<DateTime>
		else
			null as Interval<DateTime>
	end

//This library contains functions that are based on QDM 5.6 to QICore 4.1.1 March 2023 (https://github.com/cqframework/CQL-Formatting-and-Usage-Wiki/wiki/Authoring-Patterns---QICore-v4.1.1). The functions may appear similar to some QICoreCommon functions but different in that they have constraints that are relevant for measures authored by NCQA.

//Assessment, Performed
define fluent function isAssessmentPerformed(Obs List<Observation>):
  Obs O
    where O.status in { 'final', 'amended', 'corrected' }
          and exists ( O.category ObservationCategory
          where ( ObservationCategory ) ~ "survey"
      )

//Intervention, Order: active and completed only    
define fluent function isInterventionOrder(ServiceRequest List<ServiceRequest>):
  ServiceRequest S
    where S.status in { 'active', 'completed' }
      and S.intent = 'order'

//Intervention, Performed
define fluent function isInterventionPerformed(Proc List<Procedure>):
  Proc P
    where P.status ~ 'completed'