The (Real Time) Sample Array (RTSA) Observation Profile is used when the measurement is a periodic sequences of scalars in time, typically waveforms. In theory, this measurement could be split up into a sequence of Numeric Observations but that would be inefficient especially if one is talking about a 1000 samples per second or more. Waveforms are used for spirometry, ECG, pulse oximeter pleth wave traces, etc. This profile is used to represent ACOM Sample Array Observations.

The values are scaled to reduced bandwidth. The bandwidth reduction can be significant in cases where the actual values are small fluctuations about a large average value. The scale factors, number of bits in each sample, the period, and the number of samples in the sequence are given by a set of support attributes.

IEEE 11073-10206 ACOM and GHS support the concept of multi-dimensional arrays. Reporting a sequence of x, y, z acceleration components from a PHD can be done by reporting 3 samples per period, that all share the same unit and scaling factors. FHIR also support the concept of multi-dimensional arrays.

When mapping the samples directly to FHIR SampledData.data, the FHIR scale factor and origin can be derived from this:

• SampledData.factor = (B-A)/(J-I)
• SampledData.origin = (A*J - B*I)/ (J-I)

A graphing application could use the Actual-range limits to define the upper and lower ranges of a graph and be assured that the waveform would never go above or below those boundaries. These upper and lower boundaries are scaled and placed in the SampledData.lowerLimit and SampledData.upperLimit elements, respectively.

• Key Elements Table
• Differential Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	PhdBaseObservation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, obs-10, obs-11, obs-12
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		1..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:GatewayDevice		1..1	(Complex)	Device Gateway URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/device-gateway
extension		0..0		Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
url		1..1	uri	"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/device-gateway"
extension:CoincidentTimeStamp		0..1	Reference(PhdCoincidentTimeStampObservation)	Coincident Timestamp Reference URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/StructureDefinition/CoincidentTimeStampReference
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:system
identifier:conditionalCreate	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Unique identifier of this measurement for a given patient and device
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
system	Σ	1..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Required Pattern: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/StructureDefinition/PhdBaseObservation
value	ΣC	1..1	string	The value that is unique Example General: 123456
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | in-process | specimen-in-process | preliminary | final | amended | corrected | appended | cancelled | entered-in-error | unknown | cannot-be-obtained Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category		1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:PHD-Observation		1..1	CodeableConcept	PHD observation category Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/CodeSystem/PhdObservationCategories
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: phd
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Non-Object codes (extensible): IEEE 11073-10101 Nomenclature codes for PHD measurements Constraints: mdc-1
subject	Σ	1..1	Reference(Patient | PhdDevice)	Reference to the patient or the PhdDevice that is the subject of the observation
focus	?!Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
Slices for effective[x]	Σ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod	Σ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	SampledData	Actual result
origin	ΣC	1..1	SimpleQuantity(6.0.0-ballot5)	Zero value and units Constraints: unit-system-code-coherent, phd-dim-code
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Intercept value (with implicit precision)
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Constraints: system-is-mdc-or-ucum
code	ΣC	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
interval	ΣC	0..1	decimal	Number of intervalUnits between samples
intervalUnit	Σ	1..1	code	The measurement unit of the interval between samples Binding: UCUMCodes (required): Units of measure allowed for an element.
factor	Σ	1..1	decimal	The scale factor
lowerLimit	Σ	0..1	decimal	The scaled lower limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
upperLimit	Σ	0..1	decimal	The scaled upper limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
dimensions	Σ	1..1	positiveInt	Number of sample points at each time point
data		0..1	string	Decimal values with spaces, or "E" | "U" | "L", or another code
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	This element is populated when the Measurement Status indicates invalid, not available or measurement-ongoing. Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
device		1..1	Reference(PhdDevice)	A reference to the device that generates the measurements or the device settings for the device
reference	ΣC	1..1	string	Reference to the device responsible for the measurement
Slices for component	ΣC	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by value:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCObsOrBoth (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
component:supplementalTypesComponent	ΣC	0..*	BackboneElement	Supplemental Type: A further description of the measurement type.
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Supplemental-Types code (68193) Binding: LOINCObsOrBoth (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 68193
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.identifier:conditionalCreate.​use	Base	required	IdentifierUse	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	Observation Status	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:PHD-Observation	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	extensible	MDC Non-Object codes	📦3.0.0-draft	This IG
Observation.value[x].​intervalUnit	Base	required	UCUM Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	Data Absent Reason	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC codes with Observation or Both	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:supplementalTypesComponent.​code	Base	example	LOINC codes with Observation or Both	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id.trace('id') in %resource.descendants().select(reference | as(uri))) or descendants().where(reference='#' | as(uri)='#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
mdc-1	warning	Observation.code	A published MDC Code is preferred but private MDC codes are allowed as well.	coding.exists() and coding.where(system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101').exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	Observation.dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.component.code is the same as Observation.code, then Observation.value SHALL NOT be present (the Observation.component.value[x] holds the value).	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
obs-10	error	Observation	Observation.component.dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.component.value[x] is not present	component.empty() or component.where(dataAbsentReason.exists()).all(value.empty())
obs-11	error	Observation	if organizer exists and organizer = true, then value[x], dataAbsentReason and component SHALL NOT be present	(organizer.exists() and organizer.allTrue()) implies (value.empty() and dataAbsentReason.empty() and component.empty())
obs-12	warning	Observation	All observations SHOULD have a performer	performer.exists()
phd-dim-code	error	Observation.value[x].origin	If system is MDC, code must be a partition-4 dimension code (262144-327679)	system != 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or (code.toInteger() >= 262144 and code.toInteger() <= 327679)
system-is-mdc-or-ucum	error	Observation.value[x].origin.system	system SHALL be either the MDC or UCUM URI	$this = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or $this = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'
unit-system-code-coherent	error	Observation.value[x].origin	system and code SHALL be coherent: UCUM system uses UCUM code, MDC system uses MDC code	(system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-units')) and (system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/ValueSet/MDCValueSet'))

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation		0..*	PhdBaseObservation	Measurements and simple assertions
value[x]		0..1	SampledData	Actual result
origin	C	1..1	SimpleQuantity(6.0.0-ballot5)	Zero value and units Constraints: unit-system-code-coherent, phd-dim-code
value		1..1	decimal	Intercept value (with implicit precision)
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system	C	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Constraints: system-is-mdc-or-ucum
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
interval		0..1	decimal	Number of intervalUnits between samples
factor		1..1	decimal	The scale factor
lowerLimit		0..1	decimal	The scaled lower limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
upperLimit		0..1	decimal	The scaled upper limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
dimensions		1..1	positiveInt	Number of sample points at each time point
data		0..1	string	Decimal values with spaces, or "E" | "U" | "L", or another code
Documentation for this format

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
phd-dim-code	error	Observation.value[x].origin	If system is MDC, code must be a partition-4 dimension code (262144-327679)	system != 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or (code.toInteger() >= 262144 and code.toInteger() <= 327679)
system-is-mdc-or-ucum	error	Observation.value[x].origin.system	system SHALL be either the MDC or UCUM URI	$this = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or $this = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'
unit-system-code-coherent	error	Observation.value[x].origin	system and code SHALL be coherent: UCUM system uses UCUM code, MDC system uses MDC code	(system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-units')) and (system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/ValueSet/MDCValueSet'))

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	PhdBaseObservation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, obs-10, obs-11, obs-12
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
versionId	Σ	0..1	id	Version specific identifier
lastUpdated	Σ	0..1	instant	When the resource version last changed
source	Σ	0..1	uri	Identifies where the resource comes from
profile	Σ	0..*	canonical(StructureDefinition)	Profiles this resource claims to conform to
Slices for security	Σ	0..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this Binding: AllSecurityLabels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
security:PhdHtest	Σ	0..1	Coding	Security value set to HTEST when measurement status indicates demo or test data Binding: AllSecurityLabels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v3-ActReason
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: HTEST
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
tag	Σ	0..*	Coding	Tags applied to this resource Binding: CommonTags (example): Codes that represent various types of tags, commonly workflow-related; e.g. "Needs review by Dr. Jones".
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: AllLanguages (required): IETF language tag for a human language Additional Bindings Purpose CommonLanguages Starter
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		1..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:GatewayDevice		1..1	(Complex)	Device Gateway URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/device-gateway
id		0..1	id	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0		Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
url		1..1	uri	"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/device-gateway"
value[x]		0..1	CodeableReference(PhgDevice)	Reference to the PHG Device Binding: DeviceType (example)
extension:CoincidentTimeStamp		0..1	Reference(PhdCoincidentTimeStampObservation)	Coincident Timestamp Reference URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/StructureDefinition/CoincidentTimeStampReference
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:system
identifier:conditionalCreate	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Unique identifier of this measurement for a given patient and device
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
system	Σ	1..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Required Pattern: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/StructureDefinition/PhdBaseObservation
value	ΣC	1..1	string	The value that is unique Example General: 123456
period	Σ	0..1	Period	Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
triggeredBy		0..*	BackboneElement	Triggering observation(s)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
observation	Σ	1..1	Reference(Observation)	Triggering observation
type	Σ	1..1	code	reflex | repeat | re-run Binding: TriggeredBytype (required): The type of TriggeredBy Observation.
reason		0..1	string	Reason that the observation was triggered
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | in-process | specimen-in-process | preliminary | final | amended | corrected | appended | cancelled | entered-in-error | unknown | cannot-be-obtained Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
statusReason		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reason for current status Binding: ObservationStatusReason (example): Codes identifying the reason for the current state of an observation.
Slices for category		1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:PHD-Observation		1..1	CodeableConcept	PHD observation category Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/CodeSystem/PhdObservationCategories
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: phd
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Non-Object codes (extensible): IEEE 11073-10101 Nomenclature codes for PHD measurements Constraints: mdc-1
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	0..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	ΣC	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	ΣC	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	Σ	1..1	Reference(Patient | PhdDevice)	Reference to the patient or the PhdDevice that is the subject of the observation
focus	?!Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
organizer	ΣC	0..1	boolean	This observation organizes/groups a set of sub-observations
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made. If you need to place the observation within one or more episodes of care, use the workflow-episodeOfCare extension
Slices for effective[x]	Σ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod	Σ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
start	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	Starting time with inclusive boundary
end	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	End time with inclusive boundary, if not ongoing
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson | HealthcareService | Group)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	SampledData	Actual result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
origin	ΣC	1..1	SimpleQuantity(6.0.0-ballot5)	Zero value and units Constraints: unit-system-code-coherent, phd-dim-code
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Intercept value (with implicit precision)
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Constraints: system-is-mdc-or-ucum
code	ΣC	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
interval	ΣC	0..1	decimal	Number of intervalUnits between samples
intervalUnit	Σ	1..1	code	The measurement unit of the interval between samples Binding: UCUMCodes (required): Units of measure allowed for an element.
factor	Σ	1..1	decimal	The scale factor
lowerLimit	Σ	0..1	decimal	The scaled lower limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
upperLimit	Σ	0..1	decimal	The scaled upper limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
dimensions	Σ	1..1	positiveInt	Number of sample points at each time point
codeMap		0..1	canonical(ConceptMap)	Defines the codes used in the data
offsets	C	0..1	string	Offsets, typically in time, at which data values were taken
data		0..1	string	Decimal values with spaces, or "E" | "U" | "L", or another code
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	This element is populated when the Measurement Status indicates invalid, not available or measurement-ongoing. Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Binding: DataAbsentReason (required)
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by value:system
coding:MsmtStatusInterpretation	Σ	1..1	Coding	Measurement status interpretation when questionable, calibration-ongoing, validated, early-indication, threshold exceeded, alarm inhibited
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/pocd/CodeSystem/measurement-status
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	ΣC	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	ΣC	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
context		0..*	CodeableReference(Resource)	Context for understanding the observation Binding: ObservationContextCodes (example): Codes identifying contextual factors that affect interpretation of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	DEPRECATED: Observed body part
bodyStructure		0..*	CodeableReference(BodyStructure)	Observed body structure Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): SNOMED CT Body Structures
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen	C	0..1	Reference(Specimen | Group)	Specimen used for this observation Constraints: obs-9
device		1..1	Reference(PhdDevice)	A reference to the device that generates the measurements or the device settings for the device
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	ΣC	1..1	string	Reference to the device responsible for the measurement
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") - must be a resource in resources Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	ΣC	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	ΣC	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
supportingDevice		0..*	CodeableReference(Device)	Device supporting generation of the measurement Binding: DeviceType (example): Type of device supporting the generation of the measurement.
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
low	C	0..1	Quantity	Low Range, if relevant Constraints: obs-13
high	C	0..1	Quantity	High Range, if relevant Constraints: obs-14
normalValue		0..1	CodeableConcept	Normal value, if relevant Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeNormalValueCodes (example): Codes identifying the normal value of the observation.
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text	C	0..1	markdown	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(PhdBaseObservation)	Other PHD Observations that are part of this group observation.
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(PhdBaseObservation)	A source the measurement data is derived from.
Slices for component	ΣC	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by value:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCObsOrBoth (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	ΣC	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
valueAttachment			Attachment
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result value is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result value
component:supplementalTypesComponent	ΣC	0..*	BackboneElement	Supplemental Type: A further description of the measurement type.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Supplemental-Types code (68193) Binding: LOINCObsOrBoth (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 68193
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	0..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	ΣC	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	ΣC	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result value
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.meta.security	Base	extensible	All Security Labels	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.meta.security:PhdHtest	Base	extensible	All Security Labels	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.meta.tag	Base	example	Common Tags	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.language	Base	required	All Languages	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.extension:GatewayDevice.​value[x]	Base	example	Device Type	📦6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.identifier:conditionalCreate.​use	Base	required	IdentifierUse	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.triggeredBy.​type	Base	required	triggered Bytype	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	Observation Status	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.statusReason	Base	example	Observation Status Reason	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:PHD-Observation	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	extensible	MDC Non-Object codes	📦3.0.0-draft	This IG
Observation.value[x].​intervalUnit	Base	required	UCUM Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	Data Absent Reason	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason.​coding	Base	required	Data Absent Reason	📦6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.context	Base	example	Observation Context Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodyStructure	Base	example	SNOMED CT Body Structures	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.method	Base	example	Observation Methods	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.device.type	Base	extensible	Resource Types	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.supportingDevice	Base	example	Device Type	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​normalValue	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Normal Value Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	preferred	Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC codes with Observation or Both	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	Data Absent Reason	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:supplementalTypesComponent.​code	Base	example	LOINC codes with Observation or Both	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:supplementalTypesComponent.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id.trace('id') in %resource.descendants().select(reference | as(uri))) or descendants().where(reference='#' | as(uri)='#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
mdc-1	warning	Observation.code	A published MDC Code is preferred but private MDC codes are allowed as well.	coding.exists() and coding.where(system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101').exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text	low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	Observation.dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.component.code is the same as Observation.code, then Observation.value SHALL NOT be present (the Observation.component.value[x] holds the value).	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
obs-9	error	Observation.specimen	If Observation.specimen is a reference to Group, the group can only have specimens	(reference.resolve().exists() and reference.resolve() is Group) implies reference.resolve().member.entity.resolve().all($this is Specimen)
obs-10	error	Observation	Observation.component.dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.component.value[x] is not present	component.empty() or component.where(dataAbsentReason.exists()).all(value.empty())
obs-11	error	Observation	if organizer exists and organizer = true, then value[x], dataAbsentReason and component SHALL NOT be present	(organizer.exists() and organizer.allTrue()) implies (value.empty() and dataAbsentReason.empty() and component.empty())
obs-12	warning	Observation	All observations SHOULD have a performer	performer.exists()
obs-13	error	Observation.referenceRange.low	If low.comparator exists, it must be '>=' or '>'.	comparator.exists() implies (comparator = '>=' or comparator = '>')
obs-14	error	Observation.referenceRange.high	If high.comparator exists, it must be '<=' or '<'.	comparator.exists() implies (comparator = '<=' or comparator = '<')
phd-dim-code	error	Observation.value[x].origin	If system is MDC, code must be a partition-4 dimension code (262144-327679)	system != 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or (code.toInteger() >= 262144 and code.toInteger() <= 327679)
system-is-mdc-or-ucum	error	Observation.value[x].origin.system	system SHALL be either the MDC or UCUM URI	$this = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or $this = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'
unit-system-code-coherent	error	Observation.value[x].origin	system and code SHALL be coherent: UCUM system uses UCUM code, MDC system uses MDC code	(system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-units')) and (system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/ValueSet/MDCValueSet'))

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	PhdBaseObservation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, obs-10, obs-11, obs-12
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		1..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:GatewayDevice		1..1	(Complex)	Device Gateway URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/device-gateway
extension		0..0		Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
url		1..1	uri	"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/device-gateway"
extension:CoincidentTimeStamp		0..1	Reference(PhdCoincidentTimeStampObservation)	Coincident Timestamp Reference URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/StructureDefinition/CoincidentTimeStampReference
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:system
identifier:conditionalCreate	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Unique identifier of this measurement for a given patient and device
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
system	Σ	1..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Required Pattern: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/StructureDefinition/PhdBaseObservation
value	ΣC	1..1	string	The value that is unique Example General: 123456
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | in-process | specimen-in-process | preliminary | final | amended | corrected | appended | cancelled | entered-in-error | unknown | cannot-be-obtained Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category		1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:PHD-Observation		1..1	CodeableConcept	PHD observation category Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/CodeSystem/PhdObservationCategories
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: phd
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Non-Object codes (extensible): IEEE 11073-10101 Nomenclature codes for PHD measurements Constraints: mdc-1
subject	Σ	1..1	Reference(Patient | PhdDevice)	Reference to the patient or the PhdDevice that is the subject of the observation
focus	?!Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
Slices for effective[x]	Σ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod	Σ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	SampledData	Actual result
origin	ΣC	1..1	SimpleQuantity(6.0.0-ballot5)	Zero value and units Constraints: unit-system-code-coherent, phd-dim-code
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Intercept value (with implicit precision)
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Constraints: system-is-mdc-or-ucum
code	ΣC	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
interval	ΣC	0..1	decimal	Number of intervalUnits between samples
intervalUnit	Σ	1..1	code	The measurement unit of the interval between samples Binding: UCUMCodes (required): Units of measure allowed for an element.
factor	Σ	1..1	decimal	The scale factor
lowerLimit	Σ	0..1	decimal	The scaled lower limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
upperLimit	Σ	0..1	decimal	The scaled upper limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
dimensions	Σ	1..1	positiveInt	Number of sample points at each time point
data		0..1	string	Decimal values with spaces, or "E" | "U" | "L", or another code
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	This element is populated when the Measurement Status indicates invalid, not available or measurement-ongoing. Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
device		1..1	Reference(PhdDevice)	A reference to the device that generates the measurements or the device settings for the device
reference	ΣC	1..1	string	Reference to the device responsible for the measurement
Slices for component	ΣC	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by value:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCObsOrBoth (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
component:supplementalTypesComponent	ΣC	0..*	BackboneElement	Supplemental Type: A further description of the measurement type.
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Supplemental-Types code (68193) Binding: LOINCObsOrBoth (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 68193
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.identifier:conditionalCreate.​use	Base	required	IdentifierUse	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	Observation Status	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:PHD-Observation	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	extensible	MDC Non-Object codes	📦3.0.0-draft	This IG
Observation.value[x].​intervalUnit	Base	required	UCUM Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	Data Absent Reason	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC codes with Observation or Both	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:supplementalTypesComponent.​code	Base	example	LOINC codes with Observation or Both	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id.trace('id') in %resource.descendants().select(reference | as(uri))) or descendants().where(reference='#' | as(uri)='#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
mdc-1	warning	Observation.code	A published MDC Code is preferred but private MDC codes are allowed as well.	coding.exists() and coding.where(system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101').exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	Observation.dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.component.code is the same as Observation.code, then Observation.value SHALL NOT be present (the Observation.component.value[x] holds the value).	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
obs-10	error	Observation	Observation.component.dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.component.value[x] is not present	component.empty() or component.where(dataAbsentReason.exists()).all(value.empty())
obs-11	error	Observation	if organizer exists and organizer = true, then value[x], dataAbsentReason and component SHALL NOT be present	(organizer.exists() and organizer.allTrue()) implies (value.empty() and dataAbsentReason.empty() and component.empty())
obs-12	warning	Observation	All observations SHOULD have a performer	performer.exists()
phd-dim-code	error	Observation.value[x].origin	If system is MDC, code must be a partition-4 dimension code (262144-327679)	system != 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or (code.toInteger() >= 262144 and code.toInteger() <= 327679)
system-is-mdc-or-ucum	error	Observation.value[x].origin.system	system SHALL be either the MDC or UCUM URI	$this = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or $this = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'
unit-system-code-coherent	error	Observation.value[x].origin	system and code SHALL be coherent: UCUM system uses UCUM code, MDC system uses MDC code	(system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-units')) and (system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/ValueSet/MDCValueSet'))

Differential View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation		0..*	PhdBaseObservation	Measurements and simple assertions
value[x]		0..1	SampledData	Actual result
origin	C	1..1	SimpleQuantity(6.0.0-ballot5)	Zero value and units Constraints: unit-system-code-coherent, phd-dim-code
value		1..1	decimal	Intercept value (with implicit precision)
unit		0..1	string	Unit representation
system	C	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Constraints: system-is-mdc-or-ucum
code		1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
interval		0..1	decimal	Number of intervalUnits between samples
factor		1..1	decimal	The scale factor
lowerLimit		0..1	decimal	The scaled lower limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
upperLimit		0..1	decimal	The scaled upper limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
dimensions		1..1	positiveInt	Number of sample points at each time point
data		0..1	string	Decimal values with spaces, or "E" | "U" | "L", or another code
Documentation for this format

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
phd-dim-code	error	Observation.value[x].origin	If system is MDC, code must be a partition-4 dimension code (262144-327679)	system != 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or (code.toInteger() >= 262144 and code.toInteger() <= 327679)
system-is-mdc-or-ucum	error	Observation.value[x].origin.system	system SHALL be either the MDC or UCUM URI	$this = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or $this = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'
unit-system-code-coherent	error	Observation.value[x].origin	system and code SHALL be coherent: UCUM system uses UCUM code, MDC system uses MDC code	(system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-units')) and (system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/ValueSet/MDCValueSet'))

Snapshot ViewView

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	PhdBaseObservation	Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, obs-10, obs-11, obs-12
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
versionId	Σ	0..1	id	Version specific identifier
lastUpdated	Σ	0..1	instant	When the resource version last changed
source	Σ	0..1	uri	Identifies where the resource comes from
profile	Σ	0..*	canonical(StructureDefinition)	Profiles this resource claims to conform to
Slices for security	Σ	0..*	Coding	Security Labels applied to this resource Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this Binding: AllSecurityLabels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.
security:PhdHtest	Σ	0..1	Coding	Security value set to HTEST when measurement status indicates demo or test data Binding: AllSecurityLabels (extensible): Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v3-ActReason
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: HTEST
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
tag	Σ	0..*	Coding	Tags applied to this resource Binding: CommonTags (example): Codes that represent various types of tags, commonly workflow-related; e.g. "Needs review by Dr. Jones".
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: AllLanguages (required): IETF language tag for a human language Additional Bindings Purpose CommonLanguages Starter
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		1..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:GatewayDevice		1..1	(Complex)	Device Gateway URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/device-gateway
id		0..1	id	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..0		Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
url		1..1	uri	"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/device-gateway"
value[x]		0..1	CodeableReference(PhgDevice)	Reference to the PHG Device Binding: DeviceType (example)
extension:CoincidentTimeStamp		0..1	Reference(PhdCoincidentTimeStampObservation)	Coincident Timestamp Reference URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/StructureDefinition/CoincidentTimeStampReference
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:system
identifier:conditionalCreate	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Unique identifier of this measurement for a given patient and device
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
system	Σ	1..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Required Pattern: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/StructureDefinition/PhdBaseObservation
value	ΣC	1..1	string	The value that is unique Example General: 123456
period	Σ	0..1	Period	Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
triggeredBy		0..*	BackboneElement	Triggering observation(s)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
observation	Σ	1..1	Reference(Observation)	Triggering observation
type	Σ	1..1	code	reflex | repeat | re-run Binding: TriggeredBytype (required): The type of TriggeredBy Observation.
reason		0..1	string	Reason that the observation was triggered
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered | in-process | specimen-in-process | preliminary | final | amended | corrected | appended | cancelled | entered-in-error | unknown | cannot-be-obtained Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
statusReason		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reason for current status Binding: ObservationStatusReason (example): Codes identifying the reason for the current state of an observation.
Slices for category		1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:PHD-Observation		1..1	CodeableConcept	PHD observation category Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/CodeSystem/PhdObservationCategories
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: phd
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: MDC Non-Object codes (extensible): IEEE 11073-10101 Nomenclature codes for PHD measurements Constraints: mdc-1
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	0..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	ΣC	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	ΣC	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	Σ	1..1	Reference(Patient | PhdDevice)	Reference to the patient or the PhdDevice that is the subject of the observation
focus	?!Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
organizer	ΣC	0..1	boolean	This observation organizes/groups a set of sub-observations
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made. If you need to place the observation within one or more episodes of care, use the workflow-episodeOfCare extension
Slices for effective[x]	Σ	1..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effective[x]:effectivePeriod	Σ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
start	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	Starting time with inclusive boundary
end	ΣC	0..1	dateTime	End time with inclusive boundary, if not ongoing
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson | HealthcareService | Group)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	SampledData	Actual result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
origin	ΣC	1..1	SimpleQuantity(6.0.0-ballot5)	Zero value and units Constraints: unit-system-code-coherent, phd-dim-code
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	1..1	decimal	Intercept value (with implicit precision)
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Constraints: system-is-mdc-or-ucum
code	ΣC	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit
interval	ΣC	0..1	decimal	Number of intervalUnits between samples
intervalUnit	Σ	1..1	code	The measurement unit of the interval between samples Binding: UCUMCodes (required): Units of measure allowed for an element.
factor	Σ	1..1	decimal	The scale factor
lowerLimit	Σ	0..1	decimal	The scaled lower limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
upperLimit	Σ	0..1	decimal	The scaled upper limit of the ACOM sample array when provided by the PHD device.
dimensions	Σ	1..1	positiveInt	Number of sample points at each time point
codeMap		0..1	canonical(ConceptMap)	Defines the codes used in the data
offsets	C	0..1	string	Offsets, typically in time, at which data values were taken
data		0..1	string	Decimal values with spaces, or "E" | "U" | "L", or another code
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	This element is populated when the Measurement Status indicates invalid, not available or measurement-ongoing. Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Binding: DataAbsentReason (required)
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Slice: Unordered, Open by value:system
coding:MsmtStatusInterpretation	Σ	1..1	Coding	Measurement status interpretation when questionable, calibration-ongoing, validated, early-indication, threshold exceeded, alarm inhibited
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/pocd/CodeSystem/measurement-status
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	ΣC	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	ΣC	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
context		0..*	CodeableReference(Resource)	Context for understanding the observation Binding: ObservationContextCodes (example): Codes identifying contextual factors that affect interpretation of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	DEPRECATED: Observed body part
bodyStructure		0..*	CodeableReference(BodyStructure)	Observed body structure Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): SNOMED CT Body Structures
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen	C	0..1	Reference(Specimen | Group)	Specimen used for this observation Constraints: obs-9
device		1..1	Reference(PhdDevice)	A reference to the device that generates the measurements or the device settings for the device
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	ΣC	1..1	string	Reference to the device responsible for the measurement
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") - must be a resource in resources Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	ΣC	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	ΣC	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
supportingDevice		0..*	CodeableReference(Device)	Device supporting generation of the measurement Binding: DeviceType (example): Type of device supporting the generation of the measurement.
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
low	C	0..1	Quantity	Low Range, if relevant Constraints: obs-13
high	C	0..1	Quantity	High Range, if relevant Constraints: obs-14
normalValue		0..1	CodeableConcept	Normal value, if relevant Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeNormalValueCodes (example): Codes identifying the normal value of the observation.
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text	C	0..1	markdown	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(PhdBaseObservation)	Other PHD Observations that are part of this group observation.
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(PhdBaseObservation)	A source the measurement data is derived from.
Slices for component	ΣC	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by value:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCObsOrBoth (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	ΣC	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
valueAttachment			Attachment
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result value is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result value
component:supplementalTypesComponent	ΣC	0..*	BackboneElement	Supplemental Type: A further description of the measurement type.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
code	ΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	Supplemental-Types code (68193) Binding: LOINCObsOrBoth (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 68193
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
value[x]	ΣC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Actual component result
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	0..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	ΣC	0..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system
display	ΣC	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result value
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.meta.security	Base	extensible	All Security Labels	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.meta.security:PhdHtest	Base	extensible	All Security Labels	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.meta.tag	Base	example	Common Tags	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.language	Base	required	All Languages	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.extension:GatewayDevice.​value[x]	Base	example	Device Type	📦6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.identifier:conditionalCreate.​use	Base	required	IdentifierUse	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.triggeredBy.​type	Base	required	triggered Bytype	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	Observation Status	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.statusReason	Base	example	Observation Status Reason	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:PHD-Observation	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	extensible	MDC Non-Object codes	📦3.0.0-draft	This IG
Observation.value[x].​intervalUnit	Base	required	UCUM Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	Data Absent Reason	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason.​coding	Base	required	Data Absent Reason	📦6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.context	Base	example	Observation Context Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodyStructure	Base	example	SNOMED CT Body Structures	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.method	Base	example	Observation Methods	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.device.type	Base	extensible	Resource Types	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.supportingDevice	Base	example	Device Type	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​normalValue	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Normal Value Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	preferred	Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	example	LOINC codes with Observation or Both	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	Data Absent Reason	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:supplementalTypesComponent.​code	Base	example	LOINC codes with Observation or Both	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:supplementalTypesComponent.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍6.0.0-ballot5	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id.trace('id') in %resource.descendants().select(reference | as(uri))) or descendants().where(reference='#' | as(uri)='#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
mdc-1	warning	Observation.code	A published MDC Code is preferred but private MDC codes are allowed as well.	coding.exists() and coding.where(system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101').exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text	low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	Observation.dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.component.code is the same as Observation.code, then Observation.value SHALL NOT be present (the Observation.component.value[x] holds the value).	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
obs-9	error	Observation.specimen	If Observation.specimen is a reference to Group, the group can only have specimens	(reference.resolve().exists() and reference.resolve() is Group) implies reference.resolve().member.entity.resolve().all($this is Specimen)
obs-10	error	Observation	Observation.component.dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.component.value[x] is not present	component.empty() or component.where(dataAbsentReason.exists()).all(value.empty())
obs-11	error	Observation	if organizer exists and organizer = true, then value[x], dataAbsentReason and component SHALL NOT be present	(organizer.exists() and organizer.allTrue()) implies (value.empty() and dataAbsentReason.empty() and component.empty())
obs-12	warning	Observation	All observations SHOULD have a performer	performer.exists()
obs-13	error	Observation.referenceRange.low	If low.comparator exists, it must be '>=' or '>'.	comparator.exists() implies (comparator = '>=' or comparator = '>')
obs-14	error	Observation.referenceRange.high	If high.comparator exists, it must be '<=' or '<'.	comparator.exists() implies (comparator = '<=' or comparator = '<')
phd-dim-code	error	Observation.value[x].origin	If system is MDC, code must be a partition-4 dimension code (262144-327679)	system != 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or (code.toInteger() >= 262144 and code.toInteger() <= 327679)
system-is-mdc-or-ucum	error	Observation.value[x].origin.system	system SHALL be either the MDC or UCUM URI	$this = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' or $this = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'
unit-system-code-coherent	error	Observation.value[x].origin	system and code SHALL be coherent: UCUM system uses UCUM code, MDC system uses MDC code	(system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-units')) and (system = 'urn:iso:std:iso:11073:10101' implies code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/phd/ValueSet/MDCValueSet'))

Summary

Mandatory: 0 element(4 nested mandatory elements)

Maturity: 1