Profile of Group for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The StudyGroup Profile is used to represent an enumerated group of participants in a research study.

See Understanding the Group Resource for additional information.

• Key Elements Table
• Differential Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group	C	0..*	GroupR6	Group of multiple entities Interfaces Implemented: CanonicalResource Constraints: grp-2
Group.implicitRules	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Group.contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Group.Slices for extension				Content/Rules for all slices
Group.Slices for extension.extension:author		0..*	ContactDetail	Who authored the artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-author
Group.Slices for extension.extension:recorder		0..*	ContactDetail	Who entered the data URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-recorder
Group.Slices for extension.extension:citeAs		0..1	markdown	PublicationRecord for this Resource URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/cite-as
Group.Slices for extension.extension:relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Additional documentation, citations, etc. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-relatedArtifact
Group.Slices for extension.extension:characteristicExpression		0..1	Expression	Criteria for group membership URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/characteristicExpression
Group.Slices for extension.extension:publicationStatus		0..1	CodeableConcept	Publication status URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-publication-status Binding: Cited Artifact Status Type (preferred)
Group.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.status	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	code	draft | active | retired | unknown Binding: PublicationStatus (required): The lifecycle status of an artifact.
Group.membership	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Binding: GroupMembershipBasis (required): The basis for membership in a group Required Pattern: enumerated (extensions allowed)
Group.combinationMethod	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	code	all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset Binding: GroupCharacteristicCombination (required)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Group.status	Base	required	PublicationStatus	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.membership	Base	required	Group Membership Basis	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.combinationMethod	Base	required	Group Characteristic Combination	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
grp-2	error	Group	Group.type SHALL be defined if Group.membership is either 'definitional' or 'enumerated'	type.exists() or (membership = 'conceptual')

This structure is derived from GroupR6

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group		0..*	GroupR6	Group of multiple entities Interfaces Implemented: CanonicalResource
Group.membership		0..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Required Pattern: enumerated (extensions allowed)
Documentation for this format

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group	C	0..*	GroupR6	Group of multiple entities Interfaces Implemented: CanonicalResource Constraints: grp-2
Group.id	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
Group.meta	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
Group.implicitRules	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Group.language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: AllLanguages (required): IETF language tag for a human language Additional Bindings Purpose CommonLanguages Starter
Group.text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
Group.contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Group.Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.Slices for extension.extension:author		0..*	ContactDetail	Who authored the artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-author
Group.Slices for extension.extension:recorder		0..*	ContactDetail	Who entered the data URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-recorder
Group.Slices for extension.extension:citeAs		0..1	markdown	PublicationRecord for this Resource URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/cite-as
Group.Slices for extension.extension:relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Additional documentation, citations, etc. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-relatedArtifact
Group.Slices for extension.extension:characteristicExpression		0..1	Expression	Criteria for group membership URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/characteristicExpression
Group.Slices for extension.extension:publicationStatus		0..1	CodeableConcept	Publication status URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-publication-status Binding: Cited Artifact Status Type (preferred)
Group.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.url	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1	uri	Canonical identifier for this Group, represented as an absolute URI (globally unique) Constraints: cnl-1
Group.identifier	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for this Group
Group.version	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	string	Business version of the Group
Group.versionAlgorithm[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1		How to compare versions Binding: VersionAlgorithm (extensible)
Group.versionAlgorithm[x].versionAlgorithmString			string
Group.versionAlgorithm[x].versionAlgorithmCoding			Coding
Group.name	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	string	Label for Group
Group.title	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	string	Name for this Group (human friendly)
Group.status	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	code	draft | active | retired | unknown Binding: PublicationStatus (required): The lifecycle status of an artifact.
Group.experimental	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	boolean	For testing only - never for real usage
Group.date	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	dateTime	Date last changed
Group.publisher	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	string	Name of the publisher/steward (organization or individual)
Group.contact	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	ContactDetail	Contact details for the publisher
Group.description		0..1	markdown	Natural language description of the group
Group.useContext	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	UsageContext	The context that the content is intended to support
Group.purpose		0..1	markdown	Why this Group is defined
Group.copyright		0..1	markdown	Notice about intellectual property ownership, can include restrictions on use
Group.copyrightLabel		0..1	string	Copyright holder and year(s)
Group.type	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1	code	person | animal | practitioner | device | careteam | healthcareservice | location | organization | relatedperson | specimen | medication | medicinalproductdefinition | substance | substancedefinition | biologicallyDerivedProduct | nutritionProduct Binding: GroupType (required): Types of resources that are part of group.
Group.membership	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Binding: GroupMembershipBasis (required): The basis for membership in a group Required Pattern: enumerated (extensions allowed)
Group.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	CodeableConcept	Use of the Group (and by implication, kind of members) Binding: GroupCode (extensible): A code that describes the kind of group, which usually dictates what kind if entities can be in the group.
Group.quantity	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	unsignedInt	Number of members
Group.managingEntity	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	Reference(Organization | RelatedPerson | Practitioner | PractitionerRole)	Entity that is the custodian of the Group's definition
Group.combinationMethod	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	code	all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset Binding: GroupCharacteristicCombination (required)
Group.combinationThreshold		0..1	positiveInt	Provides the value of "n" when "at-least" or "at-most" codes are used
Group.characteristic	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	BackboneElement	Include / Exclude group members by Trait
Group.characteristic.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Group.characteristic.Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.characteristic.Slices for extension.extension:relevantForAutomatedMatching		0..1	boolean	Relevant for automated matching URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relevant-for-automated-matching
Group.characteristic.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.characteristic.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	CodeableConcept	Kind of characteristic Binding: ExampleCharacteristicCodes (example): List of characteristics used to describe group members; e.g. gender, age, owner, location, etc.
Group.characteristic.value[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1		Value held by characteristic
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueBoolean			boolean
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueRange			Range
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueReference			Reference(Any)
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueUri			uri
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueExpression			Expression
Group.characteristic.exclude	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	boolean	Group includes or excludes
Group.characteristic.description		0..1	markdown	Natural language description of the characteristic
Group.characteristic.method		0..*	CodeableConcept	Method for how the characteristic value was determined Binding: DefinitionMethod (example)
Group.characteristic.formula		0..1	Expression	Formal algorithm to derive the value
Group.characteristic.determiner		0..1	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | Device | DeviceDefinition)	Who determines the value
Group.characteristic.offset	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference point for comparison Binding: CharacteristicOffset (example)
Group.characteristic.instances[x]	C	0..1		Number of occurrences Constraints: grp-1
Group.characteristic.instances[x].instancesUnsignedInt			unsignedInt
Group.characteristic.instances[x].instancesRange			Range
Group.characteristic.duration[x]		0..1		How long
Group.characteristic.duration[x].durationDuration			Duration
Group.characteristic.duration[x].durationRange			Range
Group.characteristic.period		0..1	Period	When (in calendar time)
Group.characteristic.relativeTime		0..*	RelativeTime	When (with respect to an event)
Group.member		0..*	BackboneElement	Who or what is in group
Group.member.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Group.member.extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.member.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.member.entity		1..1	Reference(CareTeam | Device | Group | HealthcareService | Location | Organization | Patient | Practitioner | PractitionerRole | RelatedPerson | Specimen | Medication | MedicinalProductDefinition | Substance | SubstanceDefinition | BiologicallyDerivedProduct | NutritionProduct)	Reference to the group member
Group.member.involvement		0..*	CodeableConcept	Code that describes how user is part of the group Binding: GroupInvolvement (example): A code that describes how a user is involved in the group
Group.member.period		0..1	Period	Period member belonged to the group
Group.member.inactive		0..1	boolean	If member is no longer in group
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Group.language	Base	required	All Languages	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.versionAlgorithm[x]	Base	extensible	Version Algorithm	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.status	Base	required	PublicationStatus	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.type	Base	required	Group Type	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.membership	Base	required	Group Membership Basis	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.code	Base	extensible	Group Code	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.combinationMethod	Base	required	Group Characteristic Combination	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.characteristic.​code	Base	example	Example Characteristic Codes	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.characteristic.​method	Base	example	Definition Method	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.characteristic.​offset	Base	example	Characteristic Offset	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.member.involvement	Base	example	Group Involvement	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
cnl-1	warning	Group.url	URL should not contain | or # - these characters make processing canonical references problematic	exists() implies matches('^[^|# ]+$')
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
grp-1	error	Group.characteristic.instances[x]	Ranges have to be positive	($this is Range) implies ((low.empty() or ((low.code.exists() or low.value.empty()) and (low.system.empty() or low.system = %ucum) and (low.code.empty() or low.code = '1') and (low.value.empty() or low.value.hasValue().not() or low.value.toString().contains('.').not()) and (low.value.empty() or low.value.hasValue().not() or low.value >= 0))) and (high.empty() or ((high.code.exists() or high.value.empty()) and (high.system.empty() or high.system = %ucum) and (high.code.empty() or high.code = '1') and (high.value.empty() or high.value.hasValue().not() or high.value.toString().contains('.').not()) and (high.value.empty() or high.value.hasValue().not() or high.value >= 0))))
grp-2	error	Group	Group.type SHALL be defined if Group.membership is either 'definitional' or 'enumerated'	type.exists() or (membership = 'conceptual')

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group	C	0..*	GroupR6	Group of multiple entities Interfaces Implemented: CanonicalResource Constraints: grp-2
Group.implicitRules	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Group.contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Group.Slices for extension				Content/Rules for all slices
Group.Slices for extension.extension:author		0..*	ContactDetail	Who authored the artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-author
Group.Slices for extension.extension:recorder		0..*	ContactDetail	Who entered the data URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-recorder
Group.Slices for extension.extension:citeAs		0..1	markdown	PublicationRecord for this Resource URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/cite-as
Group.Slices for extension.extension:relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Additional documentation, citations, etc. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-relatedArtifact
Group.Slices for extension.extension:characteristicExpression		0..1	Expression	Criteria for group membership URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/characteristicExpression
Group.Slices for extension.extension:publicationStatus		0..1	CodeableConcept	Publication status URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-publication-status Binding: Cited Artifact Status Type (preferred)
Group.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.status	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	code	draft | active | retired | unknown Binding: PublicationStatus (required): The lifecycle status of an artifact.
Group.membership	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Binding: GroupMembershipBasis (required): The basis for membership in a group Required Pattern: enumerated (extensions allowed)
Group.combinationMethod	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	code	all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset Binding: GroupCharacteristicCombination (required)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Group.status	Base	required	PublicationStatus	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.membership	Base	required	Group Membership Basis	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.combinationMethod	Base	required	Group Characteristic Combination	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
grp-2	error	Group	Group.type SHALL be defined if Group.membership is either 'definitional' or 'enumerated'	type.exists() or (membership = 'conceptual')

Differential View

This structure is derived from GroupR6

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group		0..*	GroupR6	Group of multiple entities Interfaces Implemented: CanonicalResource
Group.membership		0..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Required Pattern: enumerated (extensions allowed)
Documentation for this format

Snapshot ViewView

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group	C	0..*	GroupR6	Group of multiple entities Interfaces Implemented: CanonicalResource Constraints: grp-2
Group.id	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
Group.meta	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
Group.implicitRules	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Group.language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: AllLanguages (required): IETF language tag for a human language Additional Bindings Purpose CommonLanguages Starter
Group.text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
Group.contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Group.Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.Slices for extension.extension:author		0..*	ContactDetail	Who authored the artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-author
Group.Slices for extension.extension:recorder		0..*	ContactDetail	Who entered the data URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-recorder
Group.Slices for extension.extension:citeAs		0..1	markdown	PublicationRecord for this Resource URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/cite-as
Group.Slices for extension.extension:relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Additional documentation, citations, etc. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-relatedArtifact
Group.Slices for extension.extension:characteristicExpression		0..1	Expression	Criteria for group membership URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/characteristicExpression
Group.Slices for extension.extension:publicationStatus		0..1	CodeableConcept	Publication status URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-publication-status Binding: Cited Artifact Status Type (preferred)
Group.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.url	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1	uri	Canonical identifier for this Group, represented as an absolute URI (globally unique) Constraints: cnl-1
Group.identifier	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for this Group
Group.version	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	string	Business version of the Group
Group.versionAlgorithm[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1		How to compare versions Binding: VersionAlgorithm (extensible)
Group.versionAlgorithm[x].versionAlgorithmString			string
Group.versionAlgorithm[x].versionAlgorithmCoding			Coding
Group.name	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	string	Label for Group
Group.title	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	string	Name for this Group (human friendly)
Group.status	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	code	draft | active | retired | unknown Binding: PublicationStatus (required): The lifecycle status of an artifact.
Group.experimental	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	boolean	For testing only - never for real usage
Group.date	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	dateTime	Date last changed
Group.publisher	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	string	Name of the publisher/steward (organization or individual)
Group.contact	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	ContactDetail	Contact details for the publisher
Group.description		0..1	markdown	Natural language description of the group
Group.useContext	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	UsageContext	The context that the content is intended to support
Group.purpose		0..1	markdown	Why this Group is defined
Group.copyright		0..1	markdown	Notice about intellectual property ownership, can include restrictions on use
Group.copyrightLabel		0..1	string	Copyright holder and year(s)
Group.type	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1	code	person | animal | practitioner | device | careteam | healthcareservice | location | organization | relatedperson | specimen | medication | medicinalproductdefinition | substance | substancedefinition | biologicallyDerivedProduct | nutritionProduct Binding: GroupType (required): Types of resources that are part of group.
Group.membership	Σ This element is included in summaries. C	0..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Binding: GroupMembershipBasis (required): The basis for membership in a group Required Pattern: enumerated (extensions allowed)
Group.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	CodeableConcept	Use of the Group (and by implication, kind of members) Binding: GroupCode (extensible): A code that describes the kind of group, which usually dictates what kind if entities can be in the group.
Group.quantity	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	unsignedInt	Number of members
Group.managingEntity	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	Reference(Organization | RelatedPerson | Practitioner | PractitionerRole)	Entity that is the custodian of the Group's definition
Group.combinationMethod	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	code	all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset Binding: GroupCharacteristicCombination (required)
Group.combinationThreshold		0..1	positiveInt	Provides the value of "n" when "at-least" or "at-most" codes are used
Group.characteristic	Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	BackboneElement	Include / Exclude group members by Trait
Group.characteristic.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Group.characteristic.Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.characteristic.Slices for extension.extension:relevantForAutomatedMatching		0..1	boolean	Relevant for automated matching URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relevant-for-automated-matching
Group.characteristic.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.characteristic.code	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	CodeableConcept	Kind of characteristic Binding: ExampleCharacteristicCodes (example): List of characteristics used to describe group members; e.g. gender, age, owner, location, etc.
Group.characteristic.value[x]	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1		Value held by characteristic
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueBoolean			boolean
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueQuantity			Quantity
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueRange			Range
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueReference			Reference(Any)
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueUri			uri
Group.characteristic.value[x].valueExpression			Expression
Group.characteristic.exclude	Σ This element is included in summaries.	1..1	boolean	Group includes or excludes
Group.characteristic.description		0..1	markdown	Natural language description of the characteristic
Group.characteristic.method		0..*	CodeableConcept	Method for how the characteristic value was determined Binding: DefinitionMethod (example)
Group.characteristic.formula		0..1	Expression	Formal algorithm to derive the value
Group.characteristic.determiner		0..1	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | Device | DeviceDefinition)	Who determines the value
Group.characteristic.offset	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference point for comparison Binding: CharacteristicOffset (example)
Group.characteristic.instances[x]	C	0..1		Number of occurrences Constraints: grp-1
Group.characteristic.instances[x].instancesUnsignedInt			unsignedInt
Group.characteristic.instances[x].instancesRange			Range
Group.characteristic.duration[x]		0..1		How long
Group.characteristic.duration[x].durationDuration			Duration
Group.characteristic.duration[x].durationRange			Range
Group.characteristic.period		0..1	Period	When (in calendar time)
Group.characteristic.relativeTime		0..*	RelativeTime	When (with respect to an event)
Group.member		0..*	BackboneElement	Who or what is in group
Group.member.id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
Group.member.extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.member.modifierExtension	?! This element is a modifier element. Σ This element is included in summaries.	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Group.member.entity		1..1	Reference(CareTeam | Device | Group | HealthcareService | Location | Organization | Patient | Practitioner | PractitionerRole | RelatedPerson | Specimen | Medication | MedicinalProductDefinition | Substance | SubstanceDefinition | BiologicallyDerivedProduct | NutritionProduct)	Reference to the group member
Group.member.involvement		0..*	CodeableConcept	Code that describes how user is part of the group Binding: GroupInvolvement (example): A code that describes how a user is involved in the group
Group.member.period		0..1	Period	Period member belonged to the group
Group.member.inactive		0..1	boolean	If member is no longer in group
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Group.language	Base	required	All Languages	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.versionAlgorithm[x]	Base	extensible	Version Algorithm	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.status	Base	required	PublicationStatus	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.type	Base	required	Group Type	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.membership	Base	required	Group Membership Basis	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.code	Base	extensible	Group Code	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.combinationMethod	Base	required	Group Characteristic Combination	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.characteristic.​code	Base	example	Example Characteristic Codes	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.characteristic.​method	Base	example	Definition Method	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.characteristic.​offset	Base	example	Characteristic Offset	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.
Group.member.involvement	Base	example	Group Involvement	📍6.0.0-snapshot1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
cnl-1	warning	Group.url	URL should not contain | or # - these characters make processing canonical references problematic	exists() implies matches('^[^|# ]+$')
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
grp-1	error	Group.characteristic.instances[x]	Ranges have to be positive	($this is Range) implies ((low.empty() or ((low.code.exists() or low.value.empty()) and (low.system.empty() or low.system = %ucum) and (low.code.empty() or low.code = '1') and (low.value.empty() or low.value.hasValue().not() or low.value.toString().contains('.').not()) and (low.value.empty() or low.value.hasValue().not() or low.value >= 0))) and (high.empty() or ((high.code.exists() or high.value.empty()) and (high.system.empty() or high.system = %ucum) and (high.code.empty() or high.code = '1') and (high.value.empty() or high.value.hasValue().not() or high.value.toString().contains('.').not()) and (high.value.empty() or high.value.hasValue().not() or high.value >= 0))))
grp-2	error	Group	Group.type SHALL be defined if Group.membership is either 'definitional' or 'enumerated'	type.exists() or (membership = 'conceptual')

This structure is derived from GroupR6

Summary

Maturity: 1

See Understanding the Group Resource for additional information. An example from the QUARTET USA trial will be described here and can be viewed at Enrolled Group for QUARTET USA Trial.

The concepts needed to describe the enrolled group for the QUARTET USA trial include:

1. The group is an ‘actual’ group of people.
2. The group has 62 members.
3. The group membership criteria is defined in a Group Resource named Eligibility Criteria for QUARTET USA Trial.

We start by creating a FHIR Group Resource with a StudyGroup Profile. This instance of Group Resource is being used to define the actual group, either with a quantity or a list of members, therefore the Group.membership element has a value of “enumerated”. For an enumerated Group, a Group.type element is required, and the Group.type element has a value of “person”.

The Group.quantity element has an unsignedInt datatype (allowing integer values without a negative sign) because it is for a simple count of group members. The Group.quantity element has a value of 62 in this example.

The definition of group membership is described in a single characteristic, so there is no Group.combinationMethod element. Because this single characteristic is defined fully in a different Group Resource, we use the Group.characteristic.valueReference element to reference it, and the Group.characteristic.code element describes its role as the value of the “Eligibility Criteria”.

"characteristic" : [
  {
    "code" : {
      "text" : "Eligibility Criteria"
    },
    "valueReference" : {
      "reference" : "Group/372778",
      "type" : "Group",
      "display" : "Eligibility Criteria for QUARTET USA Trial"
    },
    "exclude" : false
  }
]