SQL on FHIR
2.0.0-pre - ci-build International flag

SQL on FHIR, published by HL7. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 2.0.0-pre built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/FHIR/sql-on-fhir-v2/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Logical Model: TabularViewDefinition - Detailed Descriptions

Draft as of 2024-10-03

Definitions for the TabularViewDefinition logical model.

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. ViewDefinition
Logical ModelInstances of this logical model are not marked to be the target of a Reference
2. ViewDefinition.select
4. ViewDefinition.select.column
Invariantsno-collections: Tabular view columns must not be collections. (collection.empty() or collection = false)
primitives-only: Tabular view columns only contain primitive values. (type in ('base64Binary' | 'boolean' | 'canonical' | 'code' | 'dateTime' | 'decimal' | 'id' | 'instant' | 'integer' | 'integer64' | 'markdown' | 'oid' | 'string' | 'positiveInt' | 'time' | 'unsignedInt' | 'url' | 'uuid'))

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. ViewDefinition
Definition

A ViewDefinition represents a tabular projection of a FHIR resource, where the columns and inclusion criteria are defined by FHIRPath expressions.


Base definition for all types defined in FHIR type system.

ShortView DefinitionBase for all types and resources
Control0..*
Is Modifierfalse
Logical ModelInstances of this logical model are not marked to be the target of a Reference
2. ViewDefinition.status
Definition

draft | active | retired | unknown

Shortdraft | active | retired | unknown
Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from PublicationStatus
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/publication-status)
Typecode
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
4. ViewDefinition.resource
Definition

The FHIR resource that the view is based upon, e.g. 'Patient' or 'Observation'.

ShortFHIR resource for the ViewDefinition
Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ResourceType
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types)
Typecode
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
6. ViewDefinition.select
Definition

The select structure defines the columns to be used in the resulting view. These are expressed in the column structure below, or in nested selects for nested resources.

ShortA collection of columns and nested selects to include in the view.
Control1..*
TypeBackboneElement
Invariantssql-expressions: Can only have at most one of `forEach` or `forEachOrNull`. ((forEach | forEachOrNull).count() <= 1)
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
8. ViewDefinition.select.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
10. ViewDefinition.select.column
Definition

A column to be produced in the resulting table. The column is relative to the select structure that contains it.

ShortA column to be produced in the resulting table.
Control0..*
TypeBackboneElement
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
no-collections: Tabular view columns must not be collections. (collection.empty() or collection = false)
primitives-only: Tabular view columns only contain primitive values. (type in ('base64Binary' | 'boolean' | 'canonical' | 'code' | 'dateTime' | 'decimal' | 'id' | 'instant' | 'integer' | 'integer64' | 'markdown' | 'oid' | 'string' | 'positiveInt' | 'time' | 'unsignedInt' | 'url' | 'uuid'))
12. ViewDefinition.select.column.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
14. ViewDefinition.select.column.path
Definition

A FHIRPath expression that evaluates to the value that will be output in the column for each resource. The input context is the collection of resources of the type specified in the resource element. Constants defined in Reference({constant}) can be referenced as %[name].

ShortFHIRPath expression that creates a column and defines its content
Control1..1
Typestring
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
16. ViewDefinition.select.column.name
Definition

Name of the column produced in the output, must be in a database-friendly format. The column names in the output must not have any duplicates.

ShortColumn name produced in the output
Control1..1
Typestring
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Invariantssql-name: Name is limited to letters, numbers, or underscores and cannot start with an underscore -- i.e. with a regular expression of: ^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*$ This makes it usable as table names in a wide variety of databases. (empty() or matches('^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*$'))

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. ViewDefinition
Definition

A ViewDefinition represents a tabular projection of a FHIR resource, where the columns and inclusion criteria are defined by FHIRPath expressions.

ShortView Definition
Control0..*
Is Modifierfalse
Logical ModelInstances of this logical model are not marked to be the target of a Reference
2. ViewDefinition.url
Definition

Canonical identifier for this view definition, represented as a URI (globally unique)

ShortCanonical identifier for this view definition, represented as a URI (globally unique)
Control0..1
Typeuri
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
4. ViewDefinition.identifier
Definition

Additional identifier for the view definition

ShortAdditional identifier for the view definition
NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control0..1
TypeIdentifier
6. ViewDefinition.name
Definition

Name of the view definition, must be in a database-friendly format.

ShortName of view definition (computer and database friendly)
Control0..1
Typestring
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Invariantssql-name: Name is limited to letters, numbers, or underscores and cannot start with an underscore -- i.e. with a regular expression of: ^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*$ This makes it usable as table names in a wide variety of databases. (empty() or matches('^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*$'))
8. ViewDefinition.title
Definition

A optional human-readable description of the view.

ShortName for this view definition (human friendly)
Control0..1
Typestring
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
10. ViewDefinition.meta
Definition

Metadata about the view definition

ShortMetadata about the view definition
Control0..1
TypeMeta
12. ViewDefinition.status
Definition

draft | active | retired | unknown

Shortdraft | active | retired | unknown
Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from PublicationStatus
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/publication-status)
Typecode
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
14. ViewDefinition.experimental
Definition

For testing purposes, not real usage

ShortFor testing purposes, not real usage
Control0..1
Typeboolean
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
16. ViewDefinition.publisher
Definition

Name of the publisher/steward (organization or individual)

ShortName of the publisher/steward (organization or individual)
Control0..1
Typestring
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
18. ViewDefinition.contact
Definition

Contact details for the publisher

ShortContact details for the publisher
Control0..*
TypeContactDetail
20. ViewDefinition.description
Definition

Natural language description of the view definition

ShortNatural language description of the view definition
Control0..1
Typemarkdown
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
22. ViewDefinition.useContext
Definition

The context that the content is intended to support

ShortThe context that the content is intended to support
Control0..*
TypeUsageContext
24. ViewDefinition.copyright
Definition

Use and/or publishing restrictions

ShortUse and/or publishing restrictions
Control0..1
Typemarkdown
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
26. ViewDefinition.resource
Definition

The FHIR resource that the view is based upon, e.g. 'Patient' or 'Observation'.

ShortFHIR resource for the ViewDefinition
Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ResourceType
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types)
Typecode
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
28. ViewDefinition.fhirVersion
Definition

The FHIR version(s) for the FHIR resource. The value of this element is the formal version of the specification, without the revision number, e.g. [publication].[major].[minor].

ShortFHIR version(s) of the resource for the ViewDefinition
Control0..*
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from FHIRVersion
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/FHIR-version)
Typecode
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
30. ViewDefinition.constant
Definition

A constant is a value that is injected into a FHIRPath expression through the use of a FHIRPath external constant with the same name.

ShortConstant that can be used in FHIRPath expressions
Control0..*
TypeBackboneElement
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
32. ViewDefinition.constant.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
Typeid
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
34. ViewDefinition.constant.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on ViewDefinition.constant.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
  • 36. ViewDefinition.constant.modifierExtension
    Definition

    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

    Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

    ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control0..*
    TypeExtension
    Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

    Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    38. ViewDefinition.constant.name
    Definition

    Name of constant (referred to in FHIRPath as %[name])

    ShortName of constant (referred to in FHIRPath as %[name])
    Control1..1
    Typestring
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Invariantssql-name: Name is limited to letters, numbers, or underscores and cannot start with an underscore -- i.e. with a regular expression of: ^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*$ This makes it usable as table names in a wide variety of databases. (empty() or matches('^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*$'))
    40. ViewDefinition.constant.value[x]
    Definition

    The value that will be substituted in place of the constant reference. This is done by including %your_constant_name in a FHIRPath expression, which effectively converts the FHIR literal defined here to a FHIRPath literal used in the path expression.

    Support for additional types may be added in the future.

    ShortValue of constant
    Control1..1
    TypeChoice of: base64Binary, boolean, canonical, code, date, dateTime, decimal, id, instant, integer, integer64, oid, string, positiveInt, time, unsignedInt, uri, url, uuid
    [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    42. ViewDefinition.select
    Definition

    The select structure defines the columns to be used in the resulting view. These are expressed in the column structure below, or in nested selects for nested resources.

    ShortA collection of columns and nested selects to include in the view.
    Control1..*
    TypeBackboneElement
    Invariantssql-expressions: Can only have at most one of `forEach` or `forEachOrNull`. ((forEach | forEachOrNull).count() <= 1)
    ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    44. ViewDefinition.select.id
    Definition

    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
    Control0..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
    Typeid
    Is Modifierfalse
    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
    Summaryfalse
    46. ViewDefinition.select.extension
    Definition

    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

    ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control0..*
    TypeExtension
    Is Modifierfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on ViewDefinition.select.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
    • value @ url
    • 48. ViewDefinition.select.modifierExtension
      Definition

      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

      Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

      ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
      Comments

      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

      Control0..*
      TypeExtension
      Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

      Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      50. ViewDefinition.select.column
      Definition

      A column to be produced in the resulting table. The column is relative to the select structure that contains it.

      ShortA column to be produced in the resulting table.
      Control0..*
      TypeBackboneElement
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      no-collections: Tabular view columns must not be collections. (collection.empty() or collection = false)
      primitives-only: Tabular view columns only contain primitive values. (type in ('base64Binary' | 'boolean' | 'canonical' | 'code' | 'dateTime' | 'decimal' | 'id' | 'instant' | 'integer' | 'integer64' | 'markdown' | 'oid' | 'string' | 'positiveInt' | 'time' | 'unsignedInt' | 'url' | 'uuid'))
      52. ViewDefinition.select.column.id
      Definition

      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typeid
      Is Modifierfalse
      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
      Summaryfalse
      54. ViewDefinition.select.column.extension
      Definition

      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

      ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
      Comments

      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

      Control0..*
      TypeExtension
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Alternate Namesextensions, user content
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on ViewDefinition.select.column.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
      • value @ url
      • 56. ViewDefinition.select.column.modifierExtension
        Definition

        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

        Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

        ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control0..*
        TypeExtension
        Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

        Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        58. ViewDefinition.select.column.path
        Definition

        A FHIRPath expression that evaluates to the value that will be output in the column for each resource. The input context is the collection of resources of the type specified in the resource element. Constants defined in Reference({constant}) can be referenced as %[name].

        ShortFHIRPath expression that creates a column and defines its content
        Control1..1
        Typestring
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        60. ViewDefinition.select.column.name
        Definition

        Name of the column produced in the output, must be in a database-friendly format. The column names in the output must not have any duplicates.

        ShortColumn name produced in the output
        Control1..1
        Typestring
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Invariantssql-name: Name is limited to letters, numbers, or underscores and cannot start with an underscore -- i.e. with a regular expression of: ^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*$ This makes it usable as table names in a wide variety of databases. (empty() or matches('^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*$'))
        62. ViewDefinition.select.column.description
        Definition

        A human-readable description of the column.

        ShortDescription of the column
        Control0..1
        Typemarkdown
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        64. ViewDefinition.select.column.collection
        Definition

        Indicates whether the column may have multiple values. Defaults to false if unset.

        ViewDefinitions must have this set to true if multiple values may be returned. Implementations SHALL report an error if multiple values are produced when that is not the case.

        ShortIndicates whether the column may have multiple values.
        Control0..1
        Typeboolean
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        66. ViewDefinition.select.column.type
        Definition

        A FHIR StructureDefinition URI for the column's type. Relative URIs are implicitly given the 'http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/' prefix. The URI may also use FHIR element ID notation to indicate a backbone element within a structure. For instance, Observation.referenceRange may be specified to indicate the returned type is that backbone element.

        This field must be provided if a ViewDefinition returns a non-primitive type. Implementations should report an error if the returned type does not match the type set here, or if a non-primitive type is returned but this field is unset.

        ShortA FHIR StructureDefinition URI for the column's type.
        Control0..1
        Typeuri
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        68. ViewDefinition.select.column.tag
        Definition

        Tags can be used to attach additional metadata to columns, such as implementation-specific directives or database-specific type hints.

        ShortAdditional metadata describing the column
        Control0..*
        TypeBackboneElement
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        70. ViewDefinition.select.column.tag.id
        Definition

        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typeid
        Is Modifierfalse
        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
        Summaryfalse
        72. ViewDefinition.select.column.tag.extension
        Definition

        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

        ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control0..*
        TypeExtension
        Is Modifierfalse
        Summaryfalse
        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on ViewDefinition.select.column.tag.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
        • value @ url
        • 74. ViewDefinition.select.column.tag.modifierExtension
          Definition

          May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

          Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

          ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
          Comments

          There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

          Control0..*
          TypeExtension
          Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
          Summarytrue
          Requirements

          Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

          Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
          76. ViewDefinition.select.column.tag.name
          Definition

          A name that identifies the meaning of the tag. A namespace should be used to scope the tag to a particular context. For example, 'ansi/type' could be used to indicate the type that should be used to represent the value within an ANSI SQL database.

          ShortName of tag
          Control1..1
          Typestring
          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
          78. ViewDefinition.select.column.tag.value
          Definition

          Value of tag

          ShortValue of tag
          Control1..1
          Typestring
          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
          80. ViewDefinition.select.select
          Definition

          Nested select relative to a parent expression. If the parent select has a forEach or forEachOrNull, this child select will apply for each item in that expression.

          ShortNested select relative to a parent expression.
          Control0..*
          TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sql-on-fhir/StructureDefinition/ViewDefinition#ViewDefinition.select
          82. ViewDefinition.select.forEach
          Definition

          A FHIRPath expression to retrieve the parent element(s) used in the containing select, relative to the root resource or parent select, if applicable. forEach will produce a row for each element selected in the expression. For example, using forEach on address in Patient will generate a new row for each address, with columns defined in the corresponding column structure.

          ShortA FHIRPath expression to retrieve the parent element(s) used in the containing select. The default is effectively `$this`.
          Control0..1
          Typestring
          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
          84. ViewDefinition.select.forEachOrNull
          Definition

          Same as forEach, but produces a single row with null values in the nested expression if the collection is empty. For example, with a Patient resource, a forEachOrNull on address will produce a row for each patient even if there are no addresses; it will simply set the address columns to null.

          ShortSame as forEach, but will produce a row with null values if the collection is empty.
          Control0..1
          Typestring
          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
          86. ViewDefinition.select.unionAll
          Definition

          A unionAll combines the results of multiple selection structures. Each structure under the unionAll must produce the same column names and types. The results from each nested selection will then have their own row.

          ShortCreates a union of all rows in the given selection structures.
          Control0..*
          TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sql-on-fhir/StructureDefinition/ViewDefinition#ViewDefinition.select
          88. ViewDefinition.where
          Definition

          A series of zero or more FHIRPath constraints to filter resources for the view. Every constraint must evaluate to true for the resource to be included in the view.

          ShortA series of zero or more FHIRPath constraints to filter resources for the view.
          Control0..*
          TypeBackboneElement
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          90. ViewDefinition.where.id
          Definition

          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
          Control0..1
          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
          Typeid
          Is Modifierfalse
          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
          Summaryfalse
          92. ViewDefinition.where.extension
          Definition

          May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

          ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
          Comments

          There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

          Control0..*
          TypeExtension
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summaryfalse
          Alternate Namesextensions, user content
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on ViewDefinition.where.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
          • value @ url
          • 94. ViewDefinition.where.modifierExtension
            Definition

            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

            Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

            ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
            Comments

            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

            Control0..*
            TypeExtension
            Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

            Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            96. ViewDefinition.where.path
            Definition

            A FHIRPath expression that defines a filter that must evaluate to true for a resource to be included in the output. The input context is the collection of resources of the type specified in the resource element. Constants defined in Reference({constant}) can be referenced as %[name].

            ShortA FHIRPath expression defining a filter condition
            Control1..1
            Typestring
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            98. ViewDefinition.where.description
            Definition

            A human-readable description of the above where constraint.

            ShortA human-readable description of the above where constraint.
            Control0..1
            Typestring
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension