Graviditetsmappen FHIR model
0.1.0 - ci-build Denmark flag

Graviditetsmappen FHIR model, published by Example Publisher. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 0.1.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/trifork/gm-fhir-ig/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: GMAndetNikotinproduktObs - Detailed Descriptions

Draft as of 2025-08-25

Definitions for the GMAndetNikotinproduktObs resource profile.

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. Observation
Definition

Measurements and simple assertions made about a patient, device or other subject.

ShortMeasurements and simple assertions
Comments

Used for simple observations such as device measurements, laboratory atomic results, vital signs, height, weight, smoking status, comments, etc. Other resources are used to provide context for observations such as laboratory reports, etc.

Control0..*
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate NamesVital Signs, Measurement, Results, Tests
Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present (dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty())
obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present (value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty())
obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present (dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty())
obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present (value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty())
2. Observation.id
Definition

The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

ShortLogical id of this artifact
Comments

The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.

Control10..1
Typeidstring
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
4. Observation.meta
Definition

The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

ShortMetadata about the resource
Control0..01
TypeMeta
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
6. Observation.implicitRules
Definition

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
Comments

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

Control0..01
Typeuri
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
8. Observation.language
Definition

The base language in which the resource is written.

ShortLanguage of the resource content
Comments

Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

Control0..01
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguageshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages
(preferred to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages)

A human language.

Additional BindingsPurpose
AllLanguagesMax Binding
Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
10. Observation.text
Definition

A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

ShortText summary of the resource, for human interpretation
Comments

Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.

Control0..01
TypeNarrative
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesnarrative, html, xhtml, display
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
12. Observation.contained
Definition

These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.

ShortContained, inline Resources
Comments

This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

Control0..0*
TypeResource
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesinline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
14. Observation.extension:GMModelElementReference
Slice NameGMModelElementReference
Definition

Component that references another model element

ShortModel element reference
Control0..0
This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
TypeExtension(Model element reference) (Extension Type: Reference(Resource)referenced)
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
16. Observation.modifierExtension
Definition

An Extension


May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..0*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
18. Observation.identifier
Definition

A unique identifier assigned to this observation.

ShortBusiness Identifier for observation
NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control0..0*
TypeIdentifier
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Allows observations to be distinguished and referenced.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
20. Observation.basedOn
Definition

A plan, proposal or order that is fulfilled in whole or in part by this event. For example, a MedicationRequest may require a patient to have laboratory test performed before it is dispensed.

ShortFulfills plan, proposal or order
Control0..0*
TypeReference(CarePlan, DeviceRequest, ImmunizationRecommendation, MedicationRequest, NutritionOrder, ServiceRequest)
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Allows tracing of authorization for the event and tracking whether proposals/recommendations were acted upon.

Alternate NamesFulfills
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
22. Observation.partOf
Definition

A larger event of which this particular Observation is a component or step. For example, an observation as part of a procedure.

ShortPart of referenced event
Comments

To link an Observation to an Encounter use encounter. See the Notes below for guidance on referencing another Observation.

Control0..0*
TypeReference(MedicationAdministration, MedicationDispense, MedicationStatement, Procedure, Immunization, ImagingStudy)
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Alternate NamesContainer
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
24. Observation.status
Definition

The status of the result value.

Shortregistered | preliminary | final | amended +
Comments

This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ObservationStatushttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1)

Codes providing the status of an observation.

Typecode
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Requirements

Need to track the status of individual results. Some results are finalized before the whole report is finalized.

Pattern Valuefinal
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
26. Observation.category
Definition

A code that classifies the general type of observation being made.

ShortClassification of type of observation
Comments

In addition to the required category valueset, this element allows various categorization schemes based on the owner’s definition of the category and effectively multiple categories can be used at once. The level of granularity is defined by the category concepts in the value set.

Control0..0*
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from ObservationCategoryCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
(preferred to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category)

Codes for high level observation categories.

TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Used for filtering what observations are retrieved and displayed.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
28. Observation.code
Definition

Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "name".

ShortType of observation (code / type)
Comments

All code-value and, if present, component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

Control1..1
BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
(example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

Codes identifying names of simple observations.

TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

Alternate NamesName
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
30. Observation.code.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..01
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
32. Observation.code.extension
Definition

An Extension


May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..0*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
  • 34. Observation.code.coding
    Definition

    A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

    ShortCode defined by a terminology system
    Comments

    Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

    Control10..1*
    TypeCoding
    Is Modifierfalse
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    36. Observation.code.coding.id
    Definition

    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
    Control0..01
    Typestring
    Is Modifierfalse
    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
    Summaryfalse
    38. Observation.code.coding.extension
    Definition

    An Extension


    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

    ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control0..0*
    TypeExtension
    Is Modifierfalse
    Summaryfalse
    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
    • value @ url
    • 40. Observation.code.coding.system
      Definition

      The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

      ShortIdentity of the terminology system
      Comments

      The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

      Control10..1
      Typeuri
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

      Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      42. Observation.code.coding.version
      Definition

      The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

      ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
      Comments

      Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

      NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
      Control0..01
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      44. Observation.code.coding.code
      Definition

      A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

      ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
      Control10..1
      Typecode
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

      Pattern Value1187057000
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      46. Observation.code.coding.userSelected
      Definition

      Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

      ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
      Comments

      Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

      Control0..01
      Typeboolean
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      48. Observation.code.text
      Definition

      A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

      ShortPlain text representation of the concept
      Comments

      Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

      Control0..01
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      50. Observation.subject
      Definition

      The patient, or group of patients, location, or device this observation is about and into whose record the observation is placed. If the actual focus of the observation is different from the subject (or a sample of, part, or region of the subject), the focus element or the code itself specifies the actual focus of the observation.

      ShortWho and/or what the observation is about
      Comments

      One would expect this element to be a cardinality of 1..1. The only circumstance in which the subject can be missing is when the observation is made by a device that does not know the patient. In this case, the observation SHALL be matched to a patient through some context/channel matching technique, and at this point, the observation should be updated.

      Control10..1
      TypeReference(Danish Core Patient Profile, Patient, Group, Device, Location)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Observations have no value if you don't know who or what they're about.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      52. Observation.focus
      Definition

      The actual focus of an observation when it is not the patient of record representing something or someone associated with the patient such as a spouse, parent, fetus, or donor. For example, fetus observations in a mother's record. The focus of an observation could also be an existing condition, an intervention, the subject's diet, another observation of the subject, or a body structure such as tumor or implanted device. An example use case would be using the Observation resource to capture whether the mother is trained to change her child's tracheostomy tube. In this example, the child is the patient of record and the mother is the focus.

      ShortWhat the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
      Comments

      Typically, an observation is made about the subject - a patient, or group of patients, location, or device - and the distinction between the subject and what is directly measured for an observation is specified in the observation code itself ( e.g., "Blood Glucose") and does not need to be represented separately using this element. Use specimen if a reference to a specimen is required. If a code is required instead of a resource use either bodysite for bodysites or the standard extension focusCode.

      Control0..0*
      TypeReference(Resource)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      54. Observation.encounter
      Definition

      The healthcare event (e.g. a patient and healthcare provider interaction) during which this observation is made.

      ShortHealthcare event during which this observation is made
      Comments

      This will typically be the encounter the event occurred within, but some events may be initiated prior to or after the official completion of an encounter but still be tied to the context of the encounter (e.g. pre-admission laboratory tests).

      Control0..01
      TypeReference(Encounter)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      For some observations it may be important to know the link between an observation and a particular encounter.

      Alternate NamesContext
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      56. Observation.effective[x]
      Definition

      The time or time-period the observed value is asserted as being true. For biological subjects - e.g. human patients - this is usually called the "physiologically relevant time". This is usually either the time of the procedure or of specimen collection, but very often the source of the date/time is not known, only the date/time itself.

      ShortClinically relevant time/time-period for observation
      Comments

      At least a date should be present unless this observation is a historical report. For recording imprecise or "fuzzy" times (For example, a blood glucose measurement taken "after breakfast") use the Timing datatype which allow the measurement to be tied to regular life events.

      Control10..1
      TypedateTime, Period, Timing, instant
      [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Knowing when an observation was deemed true is important to its relevance as well as determining trends.

      Alternate NamesOccurrence
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      58. Observation.issued
      Definition

      The date and time this version of the observation was made available to providers, typically after the results have been reviewed and verified.

      ShortDate/Time this version was made available
      Comments

      For Observations that don’t require review and verification, it may be the same as the lastUpdated time of the resource itself. For Observations that do require review and verification for certain updates, it might not be the same as the lastUpdated time of the resource itself due to a non-clinically significant update that doesn’t require the new version to be reviewed and verified again.

      Control0..01
      Typeinstant
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      60. Observation.performer
      Definition

      Who was responsible for asserting the observed value as "true".

      ShortWho is responsible for the observation
      Control0..0*
      TypeReference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Organization, CareTeam, Patient, RelatedPerson)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      May give a degree of confidence in the observation and also indicates where follow-up questions should be directed.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      62. Observation.value[x]
      Definition

      The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

      ShortActual result
      Comments

      An observation may have; 1) a single value here, 2) both a value and a set of related or component values, or 3) only a set of related or component values. If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

      Control0..01
      This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-7
      TypeChoice of: Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      64. Observation.dataAbsentReason
      Definition

      Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.value[x] is missing.

      ShortWhy the result is missing
      Comments

      Null or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "specimen unsatisfactory".

      The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Note that an observation may only be reported if there are values to report. For example differential cell counts values may be reported only when > 0. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for null or exceptional values.

      Control0..01
      This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
      BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
      (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

      Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

      TypeCodeableConcept
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      66. Observation.interpretation
      Definition

      A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

      ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
      Comments

      Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

      Control0..0*
      BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
      (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

      Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

      TypeCodeableConcept
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

      Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      68. Observation.note
      Definition

      Comments about the observation or the results.

      ShortComments about the observation
      Comments

      May include general statements about the observation, or statements about significant, unexpected or unreliable results values, or information about its source when relevant to its interpretation.

      Control0..0*
      TypeAnnotation
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      Need to be able to provide free text additional information.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      70. Observation.bodySite
      Definition

      Indicates the site on the subject's body where the observation was made (i.e. the target site).

      ShortObserved body part
      Comments

      Only used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code. In many systems, this may be represented as a related observation instead of an inline component.

      If the use case requires BodySite to be handled as a separate resource (e.g. to identify and track separately) then use the standard extension bodySite.

      Control0..01
      BindingFor example codes, see SNOMEDCTBodyStructureshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site
      (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site)

      Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.

      TypeCodeableConcept
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      72. Observation.method
      Definition

      Indicates the mechanism used to perform the observation.

      ShortHow it was done
      Comments

      Only used if not implicit in code for Observation.code.

      Control0..01
      BindingFor example codes, see ObservationMethodshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods
      (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods)

      Methods for simple observations.

      TypeCodeableConcept
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      In some cases, method can impact results and is thus used for determining whether results can be compared or determining significance of results.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      74. Observation.specimen
      Definition

      The specimen that was used when this observation was made.

      ShortSpecimen used for this observation
      Comments

      Should only be used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code. Observations are not made on specimens themselves; they are made on a subject, but in many cases by the means of a specimen. Note that although specimens are often involved, they are not always tracked and reported explicitly. Also note that observation resources may be used in contexts that track the specimen explicitly (e.g. Diagnostic Report).

      Control0..01
      TypeReference(Specimen)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      76. Observation.device
      Definition

      The device used to generate the observation data.

      Short(Measurement) Device
      Comments

      Note that this is not meant to represent a device involved in the transmission of the result, e.g., a gateway. Such devices may be documented using the Provenance resource where relevant.

      Control0..01
      TypeReference(Device, DeviceMetric)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      78. Observation.referenceRange
      Definition

      Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. Multiple reference ranges are interpreted as an "OR". In other words, to represent two distinct target populations, two referenceRange elements would be used.

      ShortProvides guide for interpretation
      Comments

      Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

      Control0..0*
      TypeBackboneElement
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summaryfalse
      Requirements

      Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text (low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists())
      obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text (low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists())
      81. Observation.hasMember
      Definition

      This observation is a group observation (e.g. a battery, a panel of tests, a set of vital sign measurements) that includes the target as a member of the group.

      ShortRelated resource that belongs to the Observation group
      Comments

      When using this element, an observation will typically have either a value or a set of related resources, although both may be present in some cases. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below. Note that a system may calculate results from QuestionnaireResponse into a final score and represent the score as an Observation.


      When using this element, an observation will typically have either a value or a set of related resources, although both may be present in some cases. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below. Note that a system may calculate results from QuestionnaireResponse into a final score and represent the score as an Observation.

      Control0..0*
      TypeReference(Observation, QuestionnaireResponse, MolecularSequence)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      83. Observation.derivedFrom
      Definition

      The target resource that represents a measurement from which this observation value is derived. For example, a calculated anion gap or a fetal measurement based on an ultrasound image.

      ShortRelated measurements the observation is made from
      Comments

      All the reference choices that are listed in this element can represent clinical observations and other measurements that may be the source for a derived value. The most common reference will be another Observation. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below.

      Control0..0*
      TypeReference(DocumentReference, ImagingStudy, Media, QuestionnaireResponse, Observation, MolecularSequence)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      85. Observation.component
      Definition

      Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

      ShortComponent results
      Comments

      For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

      Control0..11*
      TypeBackboneElement
      Is Modifierfalse
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
      • value @ code
      • 87. Observation.component.id
        Definition

        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
        Control0..01
        Typestring
        Is Modifierfalse
        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
        Summaryfalse
        89. Observation.component.extension
        Definition

        An Extension


        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

        ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control0..0*
        TypeExtension
        Is Modifierfalse
        Summaryfalse
        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        91. Observation.component.modifierExtension
        Definition

        An Extension


        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

        Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

        ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control0..0*
        TypeExtension
        Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

        Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        93. Observation.component.code
        Definition

        Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

        ShortType of component observation (code / type)
        Comments

        All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

        Control1..1
        BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
        (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

        Codes identifying names of simple observations.

        TypeCodeableConcept
        Is Modifierfalse
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        95. Observation.component.code.id
        Definition

        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
        Control0..01
        Typestring
        Is Modifierfalse
        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
        Summaryfalse
        97. Observation.component.code.extension
        Definition

        An Extension


        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

        ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control0..0*
        TypeExtension
        Is Modifierfalse
        Summaryfalse
        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
        • value @ url
        • 99. Observation.component.code.coding
          Definition

          A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

          ShortCode defined by a terminology system
          Comments

          Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

          Control10..1*
          TypeCoding
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summarytrue
          Requirements

          Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          101. Observation.component.code.coding.id
          Definition

          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
          Control0..01
          Typestring
          Is Modifierfalse
          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
          Summaryfalse
          103. Observation.component.code.coding.extension
          Definition

          An Extension


          May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

          ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
          Comments

          There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

          Control0..0*
          TypeExtension
          Is Modifierfalse
          Summaryfalse
          Alternate Namesextensions, user content
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
          • value @ url
          • 105. Observation.component.code.coding.system
            Definition

            The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

            ShortIdentity of the terminology system
            Comments

            The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

            Control10..1
            Typeuri
            Is Modifierfalse
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

            Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            107. Observation.component.code.coding.version
            Definition

            The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

            ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
            Comments

            Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

            NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
            Control0..01
            Typestring
            Is Modifierfalse
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            Summarytrue
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            109. Observation.component.code.coding.code
            Definition

            A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

            ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
            Control10..1
            Typecode
            Is Modifierfalse
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            111. Observation.component.code.coding.userSelected
            Definition

            Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

            ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
            Comments

            Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

            Control0..01
            Typeboolean
            Is Modifierfalse
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            113. Observation.component.code.text
            Definition

            A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

            ShortPlain text representation of the concept
            Comments

            Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

            Control0..01
            Typestring
            Is Modifierfalse
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            115. Observation.component.value[x]
            Definition

            The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

            ShortActual component result
            Comments

            Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

            Control10..1
            TypeChoice of: Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period
            [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
            Is Modifierfalse
            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            117. Observation.component.dataAbsentReason
            Definition

            Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

            ShortWhy the component result is missing
            Comments

            "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

            The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

            Control0..01
            This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
            BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
            (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

            Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

            TypeCodeableConcept
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summaryfalse
            Requirements

            For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            119. Observation.component.interpretation
            Definition

            A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

            ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
            Comments

            Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

            Control0..0*
            BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
            (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

            Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

            TypeCodeableConcept
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summaryfalse
            Requirements

            For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

            Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            121. Observation.component.referenceRange
            Definition

            Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

            ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
            Comments

            Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

            Control0..0*
            TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summaryfalse
            Requirements

            Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            123. Observation.component:nikotinposer
            Slice Namenikotinposer
            Definition

            Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

            ShortComponent results
            Comments

            For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

            Control0..1*
            TypeBackboneElement
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            125. Observation.component:nikotinposer.id
            Definition

            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
            Control0..01
            Typestring
            Is Modifierfalse
            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
            Summaryfalse
            127. Observation.component:nikotinposer.extension
            Definition

            An Extension


            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

            ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
            Comments

            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

            Control0..0*
            TypeExtension
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summaryfalse
            Alternate Namesextensions, user content
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            129. Observation.component:nikotinposer.modifierExtension
            Definition

            An Extension


            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

            Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

            ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
            Comments

            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

            Control0..0*
            TypeExtension
            Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

            Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            131. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code
            Definition

            Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

            ShortType of component observation (code / type)
            Comments

            All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

            Control1..1
            BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
            (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

            Codes identifying names of simple observations.

            TypeCodeableConcept
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            133. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.id
            Definition

            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
            Control0..01
            Typestring
            Is Modifierfalse
            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
            Summaryfalse
            135. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.extension
            Definition

            An Extension


            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

            ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
            Comments

            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

            Control0..0*
            TypeExtension
            Is Modifierfalse
            Summaryfalse
            Alternate Namesextensions, user content
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
            • value @ url
            • 137. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding
              Definition

              A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

              ShortCode defined by a terminology system
              Comments

              Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

              Control10..1*
              TypeCoding
              Is Modifierfalse
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              139. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.id
              Definition

              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
              Control0..01
              Typestring
              Is Modifierfalse
              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
              Summaryfalse
              141. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.extension
              Definition

              An Extension


              May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

              ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
              Comments

              There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

              Control0..0*
              TypeExtension
              Is Modifierfalse
              Summaryfalse
              Alternate Namesextensions, user content
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
              SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
              • value @ url
              • 143. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.system
                Definition

                The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                Comments

                The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                Control10..1
                Typeuri
                Is Modifierfalse
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                145. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.version
                Definition

                The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                Comments

                Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                Control0..01
                Typestring
                Is Modifierfalse
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                147. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.code
                Definition

                A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                Control10..1
                Typecode
                Is Modifierfalse
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                Pattern Value598111000005109
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                149. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.userSelected
                Definition

                Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                Comments

                Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                Control0..01
                Typeboolean
                Is Modifierfalse
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                151. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.text
                Definition

                A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                Comments

                Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                Control0..01
                Typestring
                Is Modifierfalse
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                153. Observation.component:nikotinposer.value[x]
                Definition

                The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                ShortActual component result
                Comments

                Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                Control10..1
                Typeboolean, dateTime, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, integer, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                Is Modifierfalse
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                155. Observation.component:nikotinposer.dataAbsentReason
                Definition

                Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                ShortWhy the component result is missing
                Comments

                "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                Control0..01
                This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                TypeCodeableConcept
                Is Modifierfalse
                Summaryfalse
                Requirements

                For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                157. Observation.component:nikotinposer.interpretation
                Definition

                A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                Comments

                Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                Control0..0*
                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                TypeCodeableConcept
                Is Modifierfalse
                Summaryfalse
                Requirements

                For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                159. Observation.component:nikotinposer.referenceRange
                Definition

                Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                Comments

                Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                Control0..0*
                TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                Is Modifierfalse
                Summaryfalse
                Requirements

                Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                161. Observation.component:vandpibe
                Slice Namevandpibe
                Definition

                Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                ShortComponent results
                Comments

                For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                Control0..1*
                TypeBackboneElement
                Is Modifierfalse
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                163. Observation.component:vandpibe.id
                Definition

                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                Control0..01
                Typestring
                Is Modifierfalse
                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                Summaryfalse
                165. Observation.component:vandpibe.extension
                Definition

                An Extension


                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                Comments

                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                Control0..0*
                TypeExtension
                Is Modifierfalse
                Summaryfalse
                Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                167. Observation.component:vandpibe.modifierExtension
                Definition

                An Extension


                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                Comments

                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                Control0..0*
                TypeExtension
                Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                169. Observation.component:vandpibe.code
                Definition

                Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                Comments

                All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                Control1..1
                BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                TypeCodeableConcept
                Is Modifierfalse
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                171. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.id
                Definition

                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                Control0..01
                Typestring
                Is Modifierfalse
                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                Summaryfalse
                173. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.extension
                Definition

                An Extension


                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                Comments

                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                Control0..0*
                TypeExtension
                Is Modifierfalse
                Summaryfalse
                Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                • value @ url
                • 175. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding
                  Definition

                  A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                  ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                  Comments

                  Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                  Control10..1*
                  TypeCoding
                  Is Modifierfalse
                  Summarytrue
                  Requirements

                  Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  177. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.id
                  Definition

                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                  Control0..01
                  Typestring
                  Is Modifierfalse
                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                  Summaryfalse
                  179. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.extension
                  Definition

                  An Extension


                  May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                  ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                  Comments

                  There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                  Control0..0*
                  TypeExtension
                  Is Modifierfalse
                  Summaryfalse
                  Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                  SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                  • value @ url
                  • 181. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.system
                    Definition

                    The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                    ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                    Comments

                    The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                    Control10..1
                    Typeuri
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                    Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    183. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.version
                    Definition

                    The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                    ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                    Comments

                    Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                    NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                    Control0..01
                    Typestring
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Summarytrue
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    185. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.code
                    Definition

                    A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                    ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                    Control10..1
                    Typecode
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                    Pattern Value722495000
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    187. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.userSelected
                    Definition

                    Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                    ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                    Comments

                    Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                    Control0..01
                    Typeboolean
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    189. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.text
                    Definition

                    A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                    ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                    Comments

                    Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                    Control0..01
                    Typestring
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    191. Observation.component:vandpibe.value[x]
                    Definition

                    The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                    ShortActual component result
                    Comments

                    Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                    Control10..1
                    Typeboolean, dateTime, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, integer, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                    [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    193. Observation.component:vandpibe.dataAbsentReason
                    Definition

                    Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                    ShortWhy the component result is missing
                    Comments

                    "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                    The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                    Control0..01
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                    Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                    TypeCodeableConcept
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Summaryfalse
                    Requirements

                    For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    195. Observation.component:vandpibe.interpretation
                    Definition

                    A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                    ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                    Comments

                    Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                    Control0..0*
                    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                    Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                    TypeCodeableConcept
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Summaryfalse
                    Requirements

                    For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                    Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    197. Observation.component:vandpibe.referenceRange
                    Definition

                    Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                    ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                    Comments

                    Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                    Control0..0*
                    TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Summaryfalse
                    Requirements

                    Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    199. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug
                    Slice Namevandpibeforbrug
                    Definition

                    Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                    ShortComponent results
                    Comments

                    For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                    Control0..1*
                    TypeBackboneElement
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    201. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.id
                    Definition

                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                    Control0..01
                    Typestring
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                    Summaryfalse
                    203. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.extension
                    Definition

                    An Extension


                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                    ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                    Comments

                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                    Control0..0*
                    TypeExtension
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Summaryfalse
                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                    205. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.modifierExtension
                    Definition

                    An Extension


                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                    Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                    ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                    Comments

                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                    Control0..0*
                    TypeExtension
                    Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                    207. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code
                    Definition

                    Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                    ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                    Comments

                    All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                    Control1..1
                    BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                    (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                    Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                    TypeCodeableConcept
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    209. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.id
                    Definition

                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                    Control0..01
                    Typestring
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                    Summaryfalse
                    211. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.extension
                    Definition

                    An Extension


                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                    ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                    Comments

                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                    Control0..0*
                    TypeExtension
                    Is Modifierfalse
                    Summaryfalse
                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                    • value @ url
                    • 213. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding
                      Definition

                      A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                      ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                      Comments

                      Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                      Control10..1*
                      TypeCoding
                      Is Modifierfalse
                      Summarytrue
                      Requirements

                      Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      215. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.id
                      Definition

                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                      Control0..01
                      Typestring
                      Is Modifierfalse
                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                      Summaryfalse
                      217. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.extension
                      Definition

                      An Extension


                      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                      ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                      Comments

                      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                      Control0..0*
                      TypeExtension
                      Is Modifierfalse
                      Summaryfalse
                      Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                      • value @ url
                      • 219. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.system
                        Definition

                        The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                        ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                        Comments

                        The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                        Control10..1
                        Typeuri
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                        Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        221. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.version
                        Definition

                        The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                        ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                        Comments

                        Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                        NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                        Control0..01
                        Typestring
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Summarytrue
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        223. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.code
                        Definition

                        A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                        ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                        Control10..1
                        Typecode
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                        Pattern Value722495000
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        225. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.userSelected
                        Definition

                        Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                        ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                        Comments

                        Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                        Control0..01
                        Typeboolean
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        227. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.text
                        Definition

                        A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                        ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                        Comments

                        Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                        Control0..01
                        Typestring
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        229. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.value[x]
                        Definition

                        The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                        ShortActual component result
                        Comments

                        Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                        Control10..1
                        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from For codes, see VandpibeDagligt/Lejlighedsvist Value Set
                        (required to http://sundhedsdatastyrelsen.dk/ValueSet/VS-vandpibe-dagligt-lejlighedsvist)
                        TypeCodeableConcept, dateTime, boolean, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, integer, time, Range
                        [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        231. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.dataAbsentReason
                        Definition

                        Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                        ShortWhy the component result is missing
                        Comments

                        "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                        The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                        Control0..01
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                        BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                        (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                        Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                        TypeCodeableConcept
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Summaryfalse
                        Requirements

                        For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        233. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.interpretation
                        Definition

                        A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                        ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                        Comments

                        Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                        Control0..0*
                        BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                        (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                        Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                        TypeCodeableConcept
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Summaryfalse
                        Requirements

                        For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                        Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        235. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.referenceRange
                        Definition

                        Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                        ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                        Comments

                        Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                        Control0..0*
                        TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Summaryfalse
                        Requirements

                        Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        237. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag
                        Slice Namenikotinposer-antal/dag
                        Definition

                        Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                        ShortComponent results
                        Comments

                        For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                        Control0..1*
                        TypeBackboneElement
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        239. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.id
                        Definition

                        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                        Control0..01
                        Typestring
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                        Summaryfalse
                        241. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.extension
                        Definition

                        An Extension


                        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                        ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                        Comments

                        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                        Control0..0*
                        TypeExtension
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Summaryfalse
                        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                        243. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.modifierExtension
                        Definition

                        An Extension


                        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                        Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                        ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                        Comments

                        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                        Control0..0*
                        TypeExtension
                        Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                        Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                        245. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code
                        Definition

                        Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                        ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                        Comments

                        All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                        Control1..1
                        BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                        (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                        Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                        TypeCodeableConcept
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        247. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.id
                        Definition

                        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                        Control0..01
                        Typestring
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                        Summaryfalse
                        249. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.extension
                        Definition

                        An Extension


                        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                        ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                        Comments

                        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                        Control0..0*
                        TypeExtension
                        Is Modifierfalse
                        Summaryfalse
                        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                        • value @ url
                        • 251. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding
                          Definition

                          A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                          ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                          Comments

                          Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                          Control10..1*
                          TypeCoding
                          Is Modifierfalse
                          Summarytrue
                          Requirements

                          Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                          253. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.id
                          Definition

                          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                          Control0..01
                          Typestring
                          Is Modifierfalse
                          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                          Summaryfalse
                          255. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.extension
                          Definition

                          An Extension


                          May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                          ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                          Comments

                          There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                          Control0..0*
                          TypeExtension
                          Is Modifierfalse
                          Summaryfalse
                          Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                          • value @ url
                          • 257. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.system
                            Definition

                            The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                            ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                            Comments

                            The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                            Control10..1
                            Typeuri
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                            Summarytrue
                            Requirements

                            Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                            Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            259. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.version
                            Definition

                            The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                            ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                            Comments

                            Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                            NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                            Control0..01
                            Typestring
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                            Summarytrue
                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            261. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.code
                            Definition

                            A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                            ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                            Control10..1
                            Typecode
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                            Summarytrue
                            Requirements

                            Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                            Pattern Value258950000
                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            263. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.userSelected
                            Definition

                            Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                            ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                            Comments

                            Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                            Control0..01
                            Typeboolean
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                            Summarytrue
                            Requirements

                            This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            265. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.text
                            Definition

                            A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                            ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                            Comments

                            Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                            Control0..01
                            Typestring
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                            Summarytrue
                            Requirements

                            The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            267. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.value[x]
                            Definition

                            The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                            ShortActual component result
                            Comments

                            Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                            Control10..1
                            Typeinteger, dateTime, boolean, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                            [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                            Summarytrue
                            Requirements

                            An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            269. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.dataAbsentReason
                            Definition

                            Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                            ShortWhy the component result is missing
                            Comments

                            "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                            The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                            Control0..01
                            This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                            BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                            (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                            Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                            TypeCodeableConcept
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Summaryfalse
                            Requirements

                            For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            271. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.interpretation
                            Definition

                            A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                            ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                            Comments

                            Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                            Control0..0*
                            BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                            (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                            Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                            TypeCodeableConcept
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Summaryfalse
                            Requirements

                            For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                            Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            273. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.referenceRange
                            Definition

                            Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                            ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                            Comments

                            Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                            Control0..0*
                            TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Summaryfalse
                            Requirements

                            Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            275. Observation.component:tyggetobak
                            Slice Nametyggetobak
                            Definition

                            Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                            ShortComponent results
                            Comments

                            For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                            Control0..1*
                            TypeBackboneElement
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Summarytrue
                            Requirements

                            Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            277. Observation.component:tyggetobak.id
                            Definition

                            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                            Control0..01
                            Typestring
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                            Summaryfalse
                            279. Observation.component:tyggetobak.extension
                            Definition

                            An Extension


                            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                            ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                            Comments

                            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                            Control0..0*
                            TypeExtension
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Summaryfalse
                            Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                            281. Observation.component:tyggetobak.modifierExtension
                            Definition

                            An Extension


                            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                            Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                            ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                            Comments

                            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                            Control0..0*
                            TypeExtension
                            Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                            Summarytrue
                            Requirements

                            Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                            Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                            283. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code
                            Definition

                            Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                            ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                            Comments

                            All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                            Control1..1
                            BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                            (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                            Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                            TypeCodeableConcept
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Summarytrue
                            Requirements

                            Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            285. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.id
                            Definition

                            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                            Control0..01
                            Typestring
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                            Summaryfalse
                            287. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.extension
                            Definition

                            An Extension


                            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                            ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                            Comments

                            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                            Control0..0*
                            TypeExtension
                            Is Modifierfalse
                            Summaryfalse
                            Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                            • value @ url
                            • 289. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding
                              Definition

                              A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                              ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                              Comments

                              Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                              Control10..1*
                              TypeCoding
                              Is Modifierfalse
                              Summarytrue
                              Requirements

                              Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                              291. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.id
                              Definition

                              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                              Control0..01
                              Typestring
                              Is Modifierfalse
                              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                              Summaryfalse
                              293. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.extension
                              Definition

                              An Extension


                              May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                              ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                              Comments

                              There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                              Control0..0*
                              TypeExtension
                              Is Modifierfalse
                              Summaryfalse
                              Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                              SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                              • value @ url
                              • 295. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.system
                                Definition

                                The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                Comments

                                The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                Control10..1
                                Typeuri
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                Summarytrue
                                Requirements

                                Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                297. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.version
                                Definition

                                The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                Comments

                                Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                Control0..01
                                Typestring
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                Summarytrue
                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                299. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.code
                                Definition

                                A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                Control10..1
                                Typecode
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                Summarytrue
                                Requirements

                                Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                Pattern Value81911001
                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                301. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.userSelected
                                Definition

                                Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                Comments

                                Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                Control0..01
                                Typeboolean
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                Summarytrue
                                Requirements

                                This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                303. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.text
                                Definition

                                A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                Comments

                                Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                Control0..01
                                Typestring
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                Summarytrue
                                Requirements

                                The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                305. Observation.component:tyggetobak.value[x]
                                Definition

                                The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                ShortActual component result
                                Comments

                                Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                Control10..1
                                Typeboolean, dateTime, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, integer, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                                [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                Summarytrue
                                Requirements

                                An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                307. Observation.component:tyggetobak.dataAbsentReason
                                Definition

                                Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                Comments

                                "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                Control0..01
                                This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Summaryfalse
                                Requirements

                                For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                309. Observation.component:tyggetobak.interpretation
                                Definition

                                A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                Comments

                                Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                Control0..0*
                                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Summaryfalse
                                Requirements

                                For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                311. Observation.component:tyggetobak.referenceRange
                                Definition

                                Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                Comments

                                Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                Control0..0*
                                TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Summaryfalse
                                Requirements

                                Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                313. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag
                                Slice Nametyggetobak-antal/dag
                                Definition

                                Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                ShortComponent results
                                Comments

                                For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                Control0..1*
                                TypeBackboneElement
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Summarytrue
                                Requirements

                                Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                315. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.id
                                Definition

                                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                Control0..01
                                Typestring
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                Summaryfalse
                                317. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.extension
                                Definition

                                An Extension


                                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                Comments

                                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                Control0..0*
                                TypeExtension
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Summaryfalse
                                Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                319. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.modifierExtension
                                Definition

                                An Extension


                                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                                Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                                ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                                Comments

                                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                Control0..0*
                                TypeExtension
                                Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                Summarytrue
                                Requirements

                                Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                                Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                321. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code
                                Definition

                                Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                Comments

                                All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                Control1..1
                                BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                                (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Summarytrue
                                Requirements

                                Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                323. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.id
                                Definition

                                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                Control0..01
                                Typestring
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                Summaryfalse
                                325. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.extension
                                Definition

                                An Extension


                                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                Comments

                                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                Control0..0*
                                TypeExtension
                                Is Modifierfalse
                                Summaryfalse
                                Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                • value @ url
                                • 327. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding
                                  Definition

                                  A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                  ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                  Comments

                                  Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                  Control10..1*
                                  TypeCoding
                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                  Summarytrue
                                  Requirements

                                  Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                  329. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.id
                                  Definition

                                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                  Control0..01
                                  Typestring
                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                  Summaryfalse
                                  331. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.extension
                                  Definition

                                  An Extension


                                  May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                  ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                  Comments

                                  There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                  Control0..0*
                                  TypeExtension
                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                  Summaryfalse
                                  Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                  SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                  • value @ url
                                  • 333. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.system
                                    Definition

                                    The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                    ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                    Comments

                                    The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                    Control10..1
                                    Typeuri
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                    Summarytrue
                                    Requirements

                                    Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                    Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    335. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.version
                                    Definition

                                    The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                    ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                    Comments

                                    Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                    NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                    Control0..01
                                    Typestring
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                    Summarytrue
                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    337. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.code
                                    Definition

                                    A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                    ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                    Control10..1
                                    Typecode
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                    Summarytrue
                                    Requirements

                                    Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                    Pattern Value258950000
                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    339. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.userSelected
                                    Definition

                                    Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                    ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                    Comments

                                    Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                    Control0..01
                                    Typeboolean
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                    Summarytrue
                                    Requirements

                                    This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    341. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.text
                                    Definition

                                    A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                    ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                    Comments

                                    Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                    Control0..01
                                    Typestring
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                    Summarytrue
                                    Requirements

                                    The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    343. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.value[x]
                                    Definition

                                    The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                    ShortActual component result
                                    Comments

                                    Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                    Control10..1
                                    Typeinteger, dateTime, boolean, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                                    [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                    Summarytrue
                                    Requirements

                                    An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    345. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.dataAbsentReason
                                    Definition

                                    Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                    ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                    Comments

                                    "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                    The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                    Control0..01
                                    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                                    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                    Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                    TypeCodeableConcept
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Summaryfalse
                                    Requirements

                                    For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    347. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.interpretation
                                    Definition

                                    A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                    ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                    Comments

                                    Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                    Control0..0*
                                    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                                    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                    Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                    TypeCodeableConcept
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Summaryfalse
                                    Requirements

                                    For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                    Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    349. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.referenceRange
                                    Definition

                                    Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                    ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                    Comments

                                    Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                    Control0..0*
                                    TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Summaryfalse
                                    Requirements

                                    Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    351. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi
                                    Slice Namenikotintyggegummi
                                    Definition

                                    Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                    ShortComponent results
                                    Comments

                                    For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                    Control0..1*
                                    TypeBackboneElement
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Summarytrue
                                    Requirements

                                    Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    353. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.id
                                    Definition

                                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                    Control0..01
                                    Typestring
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                    Summaryfalse
                                    355. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.extension
                                    Definition

                                    An Extension


                                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                    ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                    Comments

                                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                    Control0..0*
                                    TypeExtension
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Summaryfalse
                                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                    357. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.modifierExtension
                                    Definition

                                    An Extension


                                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                                    Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                                    ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                                    Comments

                                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                    Control0..0*
                                    TypeExtension
                                    Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                    Summarytrue
                                    Requirements

                                    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                    359. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code
                                    Definition

                                    Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                    ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                    Comments

                                    All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                    Control1..1
                                    BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                                    (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                    Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                    TypeCodeableConcept
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Summarytrue
                                    Requirements

                                    Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    361. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.id
                                    Definition

                                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                    Control0..01
                                    Typestring
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                    Summaryfalse
                                    363. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.extension
                                    Definition

                                    An Extension


                                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                    ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                    Comments

                                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                    Control0..0*
                                    TypeExtension
                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                    Summaryfalse
                                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                    • value @ url
                                    • 365. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding
                                      Definition

                                      A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                      ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                      Comments

                                      Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                      Control10..1*
                                      TypeCoding
                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                      Summarytrue
                                      Requirements

                                      Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                      367. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.id
                                      Definition

                                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                      Control0..01
                                      Typestring
                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                      Summaryfalse
                                      369. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.extension
                                      Definition

                                      An Extension


                                      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                      ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                      Comments

                                      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                      Control0..0*
                                      TypeExtension
                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                      Summaryfalse
                                      Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                      • value @ url
                                      • 371. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.system
                                        Definition

                                        The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                        ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                        Comments

                                        The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                        Control10..1
                                        Typeuri
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                        Summarytrue
                                        Requirements

                                        Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                        Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        373. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.version
                                        Definition

                                        The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                        ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                        Comments

                                        Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                        NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                        Control0..01
                                        Typestring
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                        Summarytrue
                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        375. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.code
                                        Definition

                                        A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                        ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                        Control10..1
                                        Typecode
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                        Summarytrue
                                        Requirements

                                        Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                        Pattern Value598101000005106
                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        377. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.userSelected
                                        Definition

                                        Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                        ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                        Comments

                                        Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                        Control0..01
                                        Typeboolean
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                        Summarytrue
                                        Requirements

                                        This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        379. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.text
                                        Definition

                                        A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                        ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                        Comments

                                        Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                        Control0..01
                                        Typestring
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                        Summarytrue
                                        Requirements

                                        The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        381. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.value[x]
                                        Definition

                                        The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                        ShortActual component result
                                        Comments

                                        Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                        Control10..1
                                        Typeboolean, dateTime, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, integer, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                                        [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                        Summarytrue
                                        Requirements

                                        An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        383. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.dataAbsentReason
                                        Definition

                                        Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                        ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                        Comments

                                        "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                        The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                        Control0..01
                                        This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                        BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                                        (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                        Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                        TypeCodeableConcept
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Summaryfalse
                                        Requirements

                                        For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        385. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.interpretation
                                        Definition

                                        A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                        ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                        Comments

                                        Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                        Control0..0*
                                        BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                                        (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                        Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                        TypeCodeableConcept
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Summaryfalse
                                        Requirements

                                        For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                        Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        387. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.referenceRange
                                        Definition

                                        Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                        ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                        Comments

                                        Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                        Control0..0*
                                        TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Summaryfalse
                                        Requirements

                                        Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        389. Observation.component:e-cigaret
                                        Slice Namee-cigaret
                                        Definition

                                        Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                        ShortComponent results
                                        Comments

                                        For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                        Control0..1*
                                        TypeBackboneElement
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Summarytrue
                                        Requirements

                                        Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        391. Observation.component:e-cigaret.id
                                        Definition

                                        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                        Control0..01
                                        Typestring
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                        Summaryfalse
                                        393. Observation.component:e-cigaret.extension
                                        Definition

                                        An Extension


                                        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                        ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                        Comments

                                        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                        Control0..0*
                                        TypeExtension
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Summaryfalse
                                        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                        395. Observation.component:e-cigaret.modifierExtension
                                        Definition

                                        An Extension


                                        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                                        Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                                        ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                                        Comments

                                        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                        Control0..0*
                                        TypeExtension
                                        Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                        Summarytrue
                                        Requirements

                                        Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                                        Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                        397. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code
                                        Definition

                                        Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                        ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                        Comments

                                        All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                        Control1..1
                                        BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                                        (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                        Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                        TypeCodeableConcept
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Summarytrue
                                        Requirements

                                        Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        399. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.id
                                        Definition

                                        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                        Control0..01
                                        Typestring
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                        Summaryfalse
                                        401. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.extension
                                        Definition

                                        An Extension


                                        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                        ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                        Comments

                                        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                        Control0..0*
                                        TypeExtension
                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                        Summaryfalse
                                        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                        • value @ url
                                        • 403. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding
                                          Definition

                                          A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                          ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                          Comments

                                          Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                          Control10..1*
                                          TypeCoding
                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                          Summarytrue
                                          Requirements

                                          Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                          405. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.id
                                          Definition

                                          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                          Control0..01
                                          Typestring
                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                          Summaryfalse
                                          407. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.extension
                                          Definition

                                          An Extension


                                          May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                          ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                          Comments

                                          There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                          Control0..0*
                                          TypeExtension
                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                          Summaryfalse
                                          Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                          • value @ url
                                          • 409. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.system
                                            Definition

                                            The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                            ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                            Comments

                                            The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                            Control10..1
                                            Typeuri
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                            Summarytrue
                                            Requirements

                                            Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                            Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            411. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.version
                                            Definition

                                            The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                            ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                            Comments

                                            Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                            NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                            Control0..01
                                            Typestring
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                            Summarytrue
                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            413. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.code
                                            Definition

                                            A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                            ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                            Control10..1
                                            Typecode
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                            Summarytrue
                                            Requirements

                                            Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                            Pattern Value722498003
                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            415. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.userSelected
                                            Definition

                                            Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                            ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                            Comments

                                            Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                            Control0..01
                                            Typeboolean
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                            Summarytrue
                                            Requirements

                                            This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            417. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.text
                                            Definition

                                            A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                            ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                            Comments

                                            Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                            Control0..01
                                            Typestring
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                            Summarytrue
                                            Requirements

                                            The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            419. Observation.component:e-cigaret.value[x]
                                            Definition

                                            The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                            ShortActual component result
                                            Comments

                                            Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                            Control10..1
                                            Typeboolean, dateTime, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, integer, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                                            [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                            Summarytrue
                                            Requirements

                                            An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            421. Observation.component:e-cigaret.dataAbsentReason
                                            Definition

                                            Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                            ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                            Comments

                                            "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                            The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                            Control0..01
                                            This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                            BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                                            (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                            Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                            TypeCodeableConcept
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Summaryfalse
                                            Requirements

                                            For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            423. Observation.component:e-cigaret.interpretation
                                            Definition

                                            A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                            ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                            Comments

                                            Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                            Control0..0*
                                            BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                                            (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                            Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                            TypeCodeableConcept
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Summaryfalse
                                            Requirements

                                            For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                            Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            425. Observation.component:e-cigaret.referenceRange
                                            Definition

                                            Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                            ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                            Comments

                                            Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                            Control0..0*
                                            TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Summaryfalse
                                            Requirements

                                            Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            427. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag
                                            Slice Namee-cigaret-milliliter/dag
                                            Definition

                                            Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                            ShortComponent results
                                            Comments

                                            For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                            Control0..1*
                                            TypeBackboneElement
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Summarytrue
                                            Requirements

                                            Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            429. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.id
                                            Definition

                                            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                            Control0..01
                                            Typestring
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                            Summaryfalse
                                            431. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.extension
                                            Definition

                                            An Extension


                                            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                            ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                            Comments

                                            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                            Control0..0*
                                            TypeExtension
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Summaryfalse
                                            Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                            433. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.modifierExtension
                                            Definition

                                            An Extension


                                            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                                            Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                                            ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                                            Comments

                                            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                            Control0..0*
                                            TypeExtension
                                            Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                            Summarytrue
                                            Requirements

                                            Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                                            Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                            435. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code
                                            Definition

                                            Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                            ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                            Comments

                                            All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                            Control1..1
                                            BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                                            (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                            Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                            TypeCodeableConcept
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Summarytrue
                                            Requirements

                                            Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            437. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.id
                                            Definition

                                            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                            Control0..01
                                            Typestring
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                            Summaryfalse
                                            439. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.extension
                                            Definition

                                            An Extension


                                            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                            ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                            Comments

                                            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                            Control0..0*
                                            TypeExtension
                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                            Summaryfalse
                                            Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                            • value @ url
                                            • 441. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding
                                              Definition

                                              A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                              ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                              Comments

                                              Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                              Control10..1*
                                              TypeCoding
                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                              Summarytrue
                                              Requirements

                                              Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                              443. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.id
                                              Definition

                                              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                              Control0..01
                                              Typestring
                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                              Summaryfalse
                                              445. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.extension
                                              Definition

                                              An Extension


                                              May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                              ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                              Comments

                                              There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                              Control0..0*
                                              TypeExtension
                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                              Summaryfalse
                                              Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                              SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                              • value @ url
                                              • 447. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.system
                                                Definition

                                                The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                Comments

                                                The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                Control10..1
                                                Typeuri
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                Summarytrue
                                                Requirements

                                                Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                449. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.version
                                                Definition

                                                The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                Comments

                                                Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                Control0..01
                                                Typestring
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                Summarytrue
                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                451. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.code
                                                Definition

                                                A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                Control10..1
                                                Typecode
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                Summarytrue
                                                Requirements

                                                Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                Pattern Value258860005
                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                453. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.userSelected
                                                Definition

                                                Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                Comments

                                                Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                Control0..01
                                                Typeboolean
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                Summarytrue
                                                Requirements

                                                This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                455. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.text
                                                Definition

                                                A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                Comments

                                                Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                Control0..01
                                                Typestring
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                Summarytrue
                                                Requirements

                                                The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                457. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.value[x]
                                                Definition

                                                The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                ShortActual component result
                                                Comments

                                                Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                Control10..1
                                                Typeinteger, dateTime, boolean, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                                                [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                Summarytrue
                                                Requirements

                                                An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                459. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.dataAbsentReason
                                                Definition

                                                Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                Comments

                                                "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                Control0..01
                                                This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                                                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Summaryfalse
                                                Requirements

                                                For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                461. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.interpretation
                                                Definition

                                                A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                Comments

                                                Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                Control0..0*
                                                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                                                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Summaryfalse
                                                Requirements

                                                For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                463. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.referenceRange
                                                Definition

                                                Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                Comments

                                                Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                Control0..0*
                                                TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Summaryfalse
                                                Requirements

                                                Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                465. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak
                                                Slice Nameandetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak
                                                Definition

                                                Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                ShortComponent results
                                                Comments

                                                For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                Control0..1*
                                                TypeBackboneElement
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Summarytrue
                                                Requirements

                                                Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                467. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.id
                                                Definition

                                                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                Control0..01
                                                Typestring
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                Summaryfalse
                                                469. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.extension
                                                Definition

                                                An Extension


                                                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                                ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                                Comments

                                                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                                Control0..0*
                                                TypeExtension
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Summaryfalse
                                                Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                471. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.modifierExtension
                                                Definition

                                                An Extension


                                                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                                                Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                                                ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                                                Comments

                                                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                                Control0..0*
                                                TypeExtension
                                                Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                Summarytrue
                                                Requirements

                                                Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                                                Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                473. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code
                                                Definition

                                                Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                Comments

                                                All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                Control1..1
                                                BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                                                (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Summarytrue
                                                Requirements

                                                Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                475. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.id
                                                Definition

                                                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                Control0..01
                                                Typestring
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                Summaryfalse
                                                477. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.extension
                                                Definition

                                                An Extension


                                                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                                ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                                Comments

                                                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                                Control0..0*
                                                TypeExtension
                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                Summaryfalse
                                                Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                • value @ url
                                                • 479. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding
                                                  Definition

                                                  A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                  ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                  Comments

                                                  Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                  Control10..1*
                                                  TypeCoding
                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                  Summarytrue
                                                  Requirements

                                                  Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                  481. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.id
                                                  Definition

                                                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                  Control0..01
                                                  Typestring
                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                  483. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.extension
                                                  Definition

                                                  An Extension


                                                  May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                                  ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                                  Comments

                                                  There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                                  Control0..0*
                                                  TypeExtension
                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                  Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                  SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                  • value @ url
                                                  • 485. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.system
                                                    Definition

                                                    The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                    ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                    Comments

                                                    The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                    Control10..1
                                                    Typeuri
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                    Summarytrue
                                                    Requirements

                                                    Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                    Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    487. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.version
                                                    Definition

                                                    The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                    ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                    Comments

                                                    Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                    NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                    Control0..01
                                                    Typestring
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                    Summarytrue
                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    489. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.code
                                                    Definition

                                                    A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                    ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                    Control10..1
                                                    Typecode
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                    Summarytrue
                                                    Requirements

                                                    Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                    Pattern Value398005008
                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    491. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.userSelected
                                                    Definition

                                                    Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                    ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                    Comments

                                                    Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                    Control0..01
                                                    Typeboolean
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                    Summarytrue
                                                    Requirements

                                                    This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    493. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.text
                                                    Definition

                                                    A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                    ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                    Comments

                                                    Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                    Control0..01
                                                    Typestring
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                    Summarytrue
                                                    Requirements

                                                    The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    495. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.value[x]
                                                    Definition

                                                    The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                    ShortActual component result
                                                    Comments

                                                    Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                    Control10..1
                                                    Typestring, dateTime, boolean, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, integer, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                                                    [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                    Summarytrue
                                                    Requirements

                                                    An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    497. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.dataAbsentReason
                                                    Definition

                                                    Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                    ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                    Comments

                                                    "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                    The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                    Control0..01
                                                    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                                                    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                    Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                    TypeCodeableConcept
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                    Requirements

                                                    For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    499. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.interpretation
                                                    Definition

                                                    A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                    ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                    Comments

                                                    Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                    Control0..0*
                                                    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                                                    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                    Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                    TypeCodeableConcept
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                    Requirements

                                                    For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                    Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    501. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.referenceRange
                                                    Definition

                                                    Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                    ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                    Comments

                                                    Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                    Control0..0*
                                                    TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                    Requirements

                                                    Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    503. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag
                                                    Slice Namenikotintyggegummi-antal/dag
                                                    Definition

                                                    Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                    ShortComponent results
                                                    Comments

                                                    For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                    Control0..1*
                                                    TypeBackboneElement
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Summarytrue
                                                    Requirements

                                                    Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    505. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.id
                                                    Definition

                                                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                    Control0..01
                                                    Typestring
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                    507. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.extension
                                                    Definition

                                                    An Extension


                                                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                                    ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                                    Comments

                                                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                                    Control0..0*
                                                    TypeExtension
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                    509. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.modifierExtension
                                                    Definition

                                                    An Extension


                                                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                                                    Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                                                    ShortExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                                                    Comments

                                                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                                    Control0..0*
                                                    TypeExtension
                                                    Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                    Summarytrue
                                                    Requirements

                                                    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                                                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                    511. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code
                                                    Definition

                                                    Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                    ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                    Comments

                                                    All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                    Control1..1
                                                    BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
                                                    (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                    Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                    TypeCodeableConcept
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Summarytrue
                                                    Requirements

                                                    Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    513. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.id
                                                    Definition

                                                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                    Control0..01
                                                    Typestring
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                    515. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.extension
                                                    Definition

                                                    An Extension


                                                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                                    ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                                    Comments

                                                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                                    Control0..0*
                                                    TypeExtension
                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                    • value @ url
                                                    • 517. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding
                                                      Definition

                                                      A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                      ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                      Comments

                                                      Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                      Control10..1*
                                                      TypeCoding
                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                      Summarytrue
                                                      Requirements

                                                      Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                      519. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.id
                                                      Definition

                                                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                      Control0..01
                                                      Typestring
                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                      521. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.extension
                                                      Definition

                                                      An Extension


                                                      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                                                      ShortExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
                                                      Comments

                                                      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                                                      Control0..0*
                                                      TypeExtension
                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                      Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                      • value @ url
                                                      • 523. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.system
                                                        Definition

                                                        The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                        ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                        Comments

                                                        The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                        Control10..1
                                                        Typeuri
                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                        Summarytrue
                                                        Requirements

                                                        Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                        Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                        525. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.version
                                                        Definition

                                                        The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                        ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                        Comments

                                                        Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                        NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                        Control0..01
                                                        Typestring
                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                        Summarytrue
                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                        527. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.code
                                                        Definition

                                                        A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                        ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                        Control10..1
                                                        Typecode
                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                        Summarytrue
                                                        Requirements

                                                        Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                        Pattern Value258950000
                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                        529. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.userSelected
                                                        Definition

                                                        Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                        ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                        Comments

                                                        Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                        Control0..01
                                                        Typeboolean
                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                        Summarytrue
                                                        Requirements

                                                        This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                        531. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.text
                                                        Definition

                                                        A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                        ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                        Comments

                                                        Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                        Control0..01
                                                        Typestring
                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                        Summarytrue
                                                        Requirements

                                                        The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                        533. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.value[x]
                                                        Definition

                                                        The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                        ShortActual component result
                                                        Comments

                                                        Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                        Control10..1
                                                        Typeinteger, dateTime, boolean, string, SampledData, Quantity, Period, Ratio, time, Range, CodeableConcept
                                                        [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                        Summarytrue
                                                        Requirements

                                                        An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                        535. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.dataAbsentReason
                                                        Definition

                                                        Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                        ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                        Comments

                                                        "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                        The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                        Control0..01
                                                        This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                        BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
                                                        (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                        Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                        TypeCodeableConcept
                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                        Summaryfalse
                                                        Requirements

                                                        For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                        537. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.interpretation
                                                        Definition

                                                        A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                        ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                        Comments

                                                        Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                        Control0..0*
                                                        BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
                                                        (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                        Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                        TypeCodeableConcept
                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                        Summaryfalse
                                                        Requirements

                                                        For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                        Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                        539. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.referenceRange
                                                        Definition

                                                        Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                        ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                        Comments

                                                        Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                        Control0..0*
                                                        TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                        Summaryfalse
                                                        Requirements

                                                        Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))

                                                        Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

                                                        0. Observation
                                                        2. Observation.extension:GMModelElementReference
                                                        Slice NameGMModelElementReference
                                                        Control0..0
                                                        4. Observation.code
                                                        6. Observation.code.coding
                                                        8. Observation.code.coding.code
                                                        Pattern Value1187057000
                                                        10. Observation.component
                                                        Control0..11
                                                        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                        • value @ code
                                                        • 12. Observation.component:nikotinposer
                                                          Slice Namenikotinposer
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          14. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code
                                                          16. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding
                                                          18. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value598111000005109
                                                          20. Observation.component:nikotinposer.value[x]
                                                          Typeboolean
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          22. Observation.component:vandpibe
                                                          Slice Namevandpibe
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          24. Observation.component:vandpibe.code
                                                          26. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding
                                                          28. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value722495000
                                                          30. Observation.component:vandpibe.value[x]
                                                          Typeboolean
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          32. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug
                                                          Slice Namevandpibeforbrug
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          34. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code
                                                          36. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding
                                                          38. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value722495000
                                                          40. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.value[x]
                                                          BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from VandpibeDagligt/Lejlighedsvist Value Set
                                                          (required to http://sundhedsdatastyrelsen.dk/ValueSet/VS-vandpibe-dagligt-lejlighedsvist)
                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          42. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag
                                                          Slice Namenikotinposer-antal/dag
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          44. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code
                                                          46. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding
                                                          48. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value258950000
                                                          50. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.value[x]
                                                          Typeinteger
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          52. Observation.component:tyggetobak
                                                          Slice Nametyggetobak
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          54. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code
                                                          56. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding
                                                          58. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value81911001
                                                          60. Observation.component:tyggetobak.value[x]
                                                          Typeboolean
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          62. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag
                                                          Slice Nametyggetobak-antal/dag
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          64. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code
                                                          66. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding
                                                          68. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value258950000
                                                          70. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.value[x]
                                                          Typeinteger
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          72. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi
                                                          Slice Namenikotintyggegummi
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          74. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code
                                                          76. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding
                                                          78. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value598101000005106
                                                          80. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.value[x]
                                                          Typeboolean
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          82. Observation.component:e-cigaret
                                                          Slice Namee-cigaret
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          84. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code
                                                          86. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding
                                                          88. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value722498003
                                                          90. Observation.component:e-cigaret.value[x]
                                                          Typeboolean
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          92. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag
                                                          Slice Namee-cigaret-milliliter/dag
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          94. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code
                                                          96. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding
                                                          98. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value258860005
                                                          100. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.value[x]
                                                          Typeinteger
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          102. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak
                                                          Slice Nameandetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          104. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code
                                                          106. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding
                                                          108. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value398005008
                                                          110. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.value[x]
                                                          Typestring
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          112. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag
                                                          Slice Namenikotintyggegummi-antal/dag
                                                          Control0..1
                                                          114. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code
                                                          116. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding
                                                          118. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.code
                                                          Pattern Value258950000
                                                          120. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.value[x]
                                                          Typeinteger
                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension

                                                          Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

                                                          0. Observation
                                                          Definition

                                                          Measurements and simple assertions made about a patient, device or other subject.

                                                          ShortMeasurements and simple assertions
                                                          Comments

                                                          Used for simple observations such as device measurements, laboratory atomic results, vital signs, height, weight, smoking status, comments, etc. Other resources are used to provide context for observations such as laboratory reports, etc.

                                                          Control0..*
                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                          Alternate NamesVital Signs, Measurement, Results, Tests
                                                          Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
                                                          dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
                                                          dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
                                                          dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
                                                          dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
                                                          obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present (dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty())
                                                          obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present (value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty())
                                                          2. Observation.id
                                                          Definition

                                                          The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

                                                          ShortLogical id of this artifact
                                                          Comments

                                                          The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.

                                                          Control1..1
                                                          Typeid
                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                          Summarytrue
                                                          4. Observation.meta
                                                          Definition

                                                          The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

                                                          ShortMetadata about the resource
                                                          Control0..0
                                                          TypeMeta
                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                          Summarytrue
                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                          6. Observation.implicitRules
                                                          Definition

                                                          A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

                                                          ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
                                                          Comments

                                                          Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

                                                          Control0..0
                                                          Typeuri
                                                          Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          Summarytrue
                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                          8. Observation.language
                                                          Definition

                                                          The base language in which the resource is written.

                                                          ShortLanguage of the resource content
                                                          Comments

                                                          Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

                                                          Control0..0
                                                          BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages
                                                          (preferred to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages)

                                                          A human language.

                                                          Additional BindingsPurpose
                                                          AllLanguagesMax Binding
                                                          Typecode
                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                          10. Observation.text
                                                          Definition

                                                          A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

                                                          ShortText summary of the resource, for human interpretation
                                                          Comments

                                                          Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.

                                                          Control0..0
                                                          TypeNarrative
                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                          Alternate Namesnarrative, html, xhtml, display
                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                          12. Observation.contained
                                                          Definition

                                                          These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.

                                                          ShortContained, inline Resources
                                                          Comments

                                                          This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

                                                          Control0..0
                                                          TypeResource
                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                          Alternate Namesinline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
                                                          14. Observation.extension
                                                          Definition

                                                          An Extension

                                                          ShortExtension
                                                          Control0..*
                                                          TypeExtension
                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                          • value @ url
                                                          • 16. Observation.extension:GMModelElementReference
                                                            Slice NameGMModelElementReference
                                                            Definition

                                                            Component that references another model element

                                                            ShortModel element reference
                                                            Control0..0
                                                            This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                                                            TypeExtension(Model element reference) (Extension Type: Reference(Resource)referenced)
                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                            18. Observation.modifierExtension
                                                            Definition

                                                            An Extension

                                                            ShortExtension
                                                            Control0..0
                                                            TypeExtension
                                                            Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                            20. Observation.identifier
                                                            Definition

                                                            A unique identifier assigned to this observation.

                                                            ShortBusiness Identifier for observation
                                                            NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
                                                            Control0..0
                                                            TypeIdentifier
                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                            Summarytrue
                                                            Requirements

                                                            Allows observations to be distinguished and referenced.

                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                            22. Observation.basedOn
                                                            Definition

                                                            A plan, proposal or order that is fulfilled in whole or in part by this event. For example, a MedicationRequest may require a patient to have laboratory test performed before it is dispensed.

                                                            ShortFulfills plan, proposal or order
                                                            Control0..0
                                                            TypeReference(CarePlan, DeviceRequest, ImmunizationRecommendation, MedicationRequest, NutritionOrder, ServiceRequest)
                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                            Summarytrue
                                                            Requirements

                                                            Allows tracing of authorization for the event and tracking whether proposals/recommendations were acted upon.

                                                            Alternate NamesFulfills
                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                            24. Observation.partOf
                                                            Definition

                                                            A larger event of which this particular Observation is a component or step. For example, an observation as part of a procedure.

                                                            ShortPart of referenced event
                                                            Comments

                                                            To link an Observation to an Encounter use encounter. See the Notes below for guidance on referencing another Observation.

                                                            Control0..0
                                                            TypeReference(MedicationAdministration, MedicationDispense, MedicationStatement, Procedure, Immunization, ImagingStudy)
                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                            Summarytrue
                                                            Alternate NamesContainer
                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                            26. Observation.status
                                                            Definition

                                                            The status of the result value.

                                                            Shortregistered | preliminary | final | amended +
                                                            Comments

                                                            This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.

                                                            Control1..1
                                                            BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ObservationStatus
                                                            (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1)

                                                            Codes providing the status of an observation.

                                                            Typecode
                                                            Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid
                                                            Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                            Summarytrue
                                                            Requirements

                                                            Need to track the status of individual results. Some results are finalized before the whole report is finalized.

                                                            Pattern Valuefinal
                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                            28. Observation.category
                                                            Definition

                                                            A code that classifies the general type of observation being made.

                                                            ShortClassification of type of observation
                                                            Comments

                                                            In addition to the required category valueset, this element allows various categorization schemes based on the owner’s definition of the category and effectively multiple categories can be used at once. The level of granularity is defined by the category concepts in the value set.

                                                            Control0..0
                                                            BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from ObservationCategoryCodes
                                                            (preferred to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category)

                                                            Codes for high level observation categories.

                                                            TypeCodeableConcept
                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                            Requirements

                                                            Used for filtering what observations are retrieved and displayed.

                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                            30. Observation.code
                                                            Definition

                                                            Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "name".

                                                            ShortType of observation (code / type)
                                                            Comments

                                                            All code-value and, if present, component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                            Control1..1
                                                            BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                            (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                            Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                            TypeCodeableConcept
                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                            Summarytrue
                                                            Requirements

                                                            Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                            Alternate NamesName
                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                            32. Observation.code.id
                                                            Definition

                                                            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                            Control0..0
                                                            Typestring
                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                            34. Observation.code.extension
                                                            Definition

                                                            An Extension

                                                            ShortExtension
                                                            Control0..0
                                                            TypeExtension
                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                            • value @ url
                                                            • 36. Observation.code.coding
                                                              Definition

                                                              A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                              ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                              Comments

                                                              Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                              Control1..1
                                                              TypeCoding
                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                              Summarytrue
                                                              Requirements

                                                              Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                              38. Observation.code.coding.id
                                                              Definition

                                                              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                              Control0..0
                                                              Typestring
                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                              40. Observation.code.coding.extension
                                                              Definition

                                                              An Extension

                                                              ShortExtension
                                                              Control0..0
                                                              TypeExtension
                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                              SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                              • value @ url
                                                              • 42. Observation.code.coding.system
                                                                Definition

                                                                The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                Comments

                                                                The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                Control1..1
                                                                Typeuri
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                44. Observation.code.coding.version
                                                                Definition

                                                                The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                Comments

                                                                Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                Control0..0
                                                                Typestring
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                46. Observation.code.coding.code
                                                                Definition

                                                                A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                Control1..1
                                                                Typecode
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                Pattern Value1187057000
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                48. Observation.code.coding.display
                                                                Definition

                                                                A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                Control0..1
                                                                Typestring
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                50. Observation.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                Definition

                                                                Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                Comments

                                                                Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                Typeboolean
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                52. Observation.code.text
                                                                Definition

                                                                A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                Comments

                                                                Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                Typestring
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                54. Observation.subject
                                                                Definition

                                                                The patient, or group of patients, location, or device this observation is about and into whose record the observation is placed. If the actual focus of the observation is different from the subject (or a sample of, part, or region of the subject), the focus element or the code itself specifies the actual focus of the observation.

                                                                ShortWho and/or what the observation is about
                                                                Comments

                                                                One would expect this element to be a cardinality of 1..1. The only circumstance in which the subject can be missing is when the observation is made by a device that does not know the patient. In this case, the observation SHALL be matched to a patient through some context/channel matching technique, and at this point, the observation should be updated.

                                                                Control1..1
                                                                TypeReference(Danish Core Patient Profile)
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                Observations have no value if you don't know who or what they're about.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                56. Observation.focus
                                                                Definition

                                                                The actual focus of an observation when it is not the patient of record representing something or someone associated with the patient such as a spouse, parent, fetus, or donor. For example, fetus observations in a mother's record. The focus of an observation could also be an existing condition, an intervention, the subject's diet, another observation of the subject, or a body structure such as tumor or implanted device. An example use case would be using the Observation resource to capture whether the mother is trained to change her child's tracheostomy tube. In this example, the child is the patient of record and the mother is the focus.

                                                                ShortWhat the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
                                                                Comments

                                                                Typically, an observation is made about the subject - a patient, or group of patients, location, or device - and the distinction between the subject and what is directly measured for an observation is specified in the observation code itself ( e.g., "Blood Glucose") and does not need to be represented separately using this element. Use specimen if a reference to a specimen is required. If a code is required instead of a resource use either bodysite for bodysites or the standard extension focusCode.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                TypeReference(Resource)
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                58. Observation.encounter
                                                                Definition

                                                                The healthcare event (e.g. a patient and healthcare provider interaction) during which this observation is made.

                                                                ShortHealthcare event during which this observation is made
                                                                Comments

                                                                This will typically be the encounter the event occurred within, but some events may be initiated prior to or after the official completion of an encounter but still be tied to the context of the encounter (e.g. pre-admission laboratory tests).

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                TypeReference(Encounter)
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                For some observations it may be important to know the link between an observation and a particular encounter.

                                                                Alternate NamesContext
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                60. Observation.effective[x]
                                                                Definition

                                                                The time or time-period the observed value is asserted as being true. For biological subjects - e.g. human patients - this is usually called the "physiologically relevant time". This is usually either the time of the procedure or of specimen collection, but very often the source of the date/time is not known, only the date/time itself.

                                                                ShortClinically relevant time/time-period for observation
                                                                Comments

                                                                At least a date should be present unless this observation is a historical report. For recording imprecise or "fuzzy" times (For example, a blood glucose measurement taken "after breakfast") use the Timing datatype which allow the measurement to be tied to regular life events.

                                                                Control1..1
                                                                TypedateTime
                                                                [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                Knowing when an observation was deemed true is important to its relevance as well as determining trends.

                                                                Alternate NamesOccurrence
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                62. Observation.issued
                                                                Definition

                                                                The date and time this version of the observation was made available to providers, typically after the results have been reviewed and verified.

                                                                ShortDate/Time this version was made available
                                                                Comments

                                                                For Observations that don’t require review and verification, it may be the same as the lastUpdated time of the resource itself. For Observations that do require review and verification for certain updates, it might not be the same as the lastUpdated time of the resource itself due to a non-clinically significant update that doesn’t require the new version to be reviewed and verified again.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                Typeinstant
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                64. Observation.performer
                                                                Definition

                                                                Who was responsible for asserting the observed value as "true".

                                                                ShortWho is responsible for the observation
                                                                Control0..0
                                                                TypeReference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Organization, CareTeam, Patient, RelatedPerson)
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                May give a degree of confidence in the observation and also indicates where follow-up questions should be directed.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                66. Observation.value[x]
                                                                Definition

                                                                The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                ShortActual result
                                                                Comments

                                                                An observation may have; 1) a single value here, 2) both a value and a set of related or component values, or 3) only a set of related or component values. If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-7
                                                                TypeChoice of: Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                68. Observation.dataAbsentReason
                                                                Definition

                                                                Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.value[x] is missing.

                                                                ShortWhy the result is missing
                                                                Comments

                                                                Null or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "specimen unsatisfactory".

                                                                The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Note that an observation may only be reported if there are values to report. For example differential cell counts values may be reported only when > 0. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for null or exceptional values.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                Requirements

                                                                For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                70. Observation.interpretation
                                                                Definition

                                                                A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                Comments

                                                                Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                Requirements

                                                                For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                72. Observation.note
                                                                Definition

                                                                Comments about the observation or the results.

                                                                ShortComments about the observation
                                                                Comments

                                                                May include general statements about the observation, or statements about significant, unexpected or unreliable results values, or information about its source when relevant to its interpretation.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                TypeAnnotation
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                Requirements

                                                                Need to be able to provide free text additional information.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                74. Observation.bodySite
                                                                Definition

                                                                Indicates the site on the subject's body where the observation was made (i.e. the target site).

                                                                ShortObserved body part
                                                                Comments

                                                                Only used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code. In many systems, this may be represented as a related observation instead of an inline component.

                                                                If the use case requires BodySite to be handled as a separate resource (e.g. to identify and track separately) then use the standard extension bodySite.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                BindingFor example codes, see SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
                                                                (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site)

                                                                Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.

                                                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                76. Observation.method
                                                                Definition

                                                                Indicates the mechanism used to perform the observation.

                                                                ShortHow it was done
                                                                Comments

                                                                Only used if not implicit in code for Observation.code.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                BindingFor example codes, see ObservationMethods
                                                                (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods)

                                                                Methods for simple observations.

                                                                TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                Requirements

                                                                In some cases, method can impact results and is thus used for determining whether results can be compared or determining significance of results.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                78. Observation.specimen
                                                                Definition

                                                                The specimen that was used when this observation was made.

                                                                ShortSpecimen used for this observation
                                                                Comments

                                                                Should only be used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code. Observations are not made on specimens themselves; they are made on a subject, but in many cases by the means of a specimen. Note that although specimens are often involved, they are not always tracked and reported explicitly. Also note that observation resources may be used in contexts that track the specimen explicitly (e.g. Diagnostic Report).

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                TypeReference(Specimen)
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                80. Observation.device
                                                                Definition

                                                                The device used to generate the observation data.

                                                                Short(Measurement) Device
                                                                Comments

                                                                Note that this is not meant to represent a device involved in the transmission of the result, e.g., a gateway. Such devices may be documented using the Provenance resource where relevant.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                TypeReference(Device, DeviceMetric)
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                82. Observation.referenceRange
                                                                Definition

                                                                Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. Multiple reference ranges are interpreted as an "OR". In other words, to represent two distinct target populations, two referenceRange elements would be used.

                                                                ShortProvides guide for interpretation
                                                                Comments

                                                                Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                TypeBackboneElement
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                Requirements

                                                                Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text (low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists())
                                                                93. Observation.hasMember
                                                                Definition

                                                                This observation is a group observation (e.g. a battery, a panel of tests, a set of vital sign measurements) that includes the target as a member of the group.

                                                                ShortRelated resource that belongs to the Observation group
                                                                Comments

                                                                When using this element, an observation will typically have either a value or a set of related resources, although both may be present in some cases. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below. Note that a system may calculate results from QuestionnaireResponse into a final score and represent the score as an Observation.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                TypeReference(Observation, QuestionnaireResponse, MolecularSequence)
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                95. Observation.derivedFrom
                                                                Definition

                                                                The target resource that represents a measurement from which this observation value is derived. For example, a calculated anion gap or a fetal measurement based on an ultrasound image.

                                                                ShortRelated measurements the observation is made from
                                                                Comments

                                                                All the reference choices that are listed in this element can represent clinical observations and other measurements that may be the source for a derived value. The most common reference will be another Observation. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below.

                                                                Control0..0
                                                                TypeReference(DocumentReference, ImagingStudy, Media, QuestionnaireResponse, Observation, MolecularSequence)
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                97. Observation.component
                                                                Definition

                                                                Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                ShortComponent results
                                                                Comments

                                                                For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                Control0..11
                                                                TypeBackboneElement
                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                Requirements

                                                                Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                • value @ code
                                                                • 99. Observation.component.id
                                                                  Definition

                                                                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                  Typestring
                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                  101. Observation.component.extension
                                                                  Definition

                                                                  An Extension

                                                                  ShortExtension
                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                  TypeExtension
                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                  103. Observation.component.modifierExtension
                                                                  Definition

                                                                  An Extension

                                                                  ShortExtension
                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                  TypeExtension
                                                                  Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                  105. Observation.component.code
                                                                  Definition

                                                                  Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                  ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                  Comments

                                                                  All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                  BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                  (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                  Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                  Requirements

                                                                  Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                  107. Observation.component.code.id
                                                                  Definition

                                                                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                  Typestring
                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                  109. Observation.component.code.extension
                                                                  Definition

                                                                  An Extension

                                                                  ShortExtension
                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                  TypeExtension
                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                  SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                  • value @ url
                                                                  • 111. Observation.component.code.coding
                                                                    Definition

                                                                    A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                    ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                    Comments

                                                                    Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                    Control1..1
                                                                    TypeCoding
                                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                                    Summarytrue
                                                                    Requirements

                                                                    Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                    113. Observation.component.code.coding.id
                                                                    Definition

                                                                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                    Control0..0
                                                                    Typestring
                                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                                    115. Observation.component.code.coding.extension
                                                                    Definition

                                                                    An Extension

                                                                    ShortExtension
                                                                    Control0..0
                                                                    TypeExtension
                                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                    • value @ url
                                                                    • 117. Observation.component.code.coding.system
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                      ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                      Typeuri
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                      Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      119. Observation.component.code.coding.version
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                      ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                      NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      Typestring
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      121. Observation.component.code.coding.code
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                      ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                      Typecode
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      123. Observation.component.code.coding.display
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                      ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                      Control0..1
                                                                      Typestring
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      125. Observation.component.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                      ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      Typeboolean
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      127. Observation.component.code.text
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                      ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      Typestring
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      129. Observation.component.value[x]
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                      ShortActual component result
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                      TypeChoice of: Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period
                                                                      [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      131. Observation.component.dataAbsentReason
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                      ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                      The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                      BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                      (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                      Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                      TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      133. Observation.component.interpretation
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                      ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                      (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                      Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                      TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                      Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      135. Observation.component.referenceRange
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                      ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      137. Observation.component:nikotinposer
                                                                      Slice Namenikotinposer
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                      ShortComponent results
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                      Control0..1
                                                                      TypeBackboneElement
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      139. Observation.component:nikotinposer.id
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      Typestring
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                      141. Observation.component:nikotinposer.extension
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      An Extension

                                                                      ShortExtension
                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      TypeExtension
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                      143. Observation.component:nikotinposer.modifierExtension
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      An Extension

                                                                      ShortExtension
                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      TypeExtension
                                                                      Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                      145. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                      ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                      Comments

                                                                      All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                      BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                      (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                      Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                      TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                      Requirements

                                                                      Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      147. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.id
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      Typestring
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                      149. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.extension
                                                                      Definition

                                                                      An Extension

                                                                      ShortExtension
                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                      TypeExtension
                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                      • value @ url
                                                                      • 151. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding
                                                                        Definition

                                                                        A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                        ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                        Comments

                                                                        Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                        Control1..1
                                                                        TypeCoding
                                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                                        Summarytrue
                                                                        Requirements

                                                                        Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                        153. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.id
                                                                        Definition

                                                                        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                        Control0..0
                                                                        Typestring
                                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                                        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                        Summaryfalse
                                                                        155. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.extension
                                                                        Definition

                                                                        An Extension

                                                                        ShortExtension
                                                                        Control0..0
                                                                        TypeExtension
                                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                                        Summaryfalse
                                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                        • value @ url
                                                                        • 157. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.system
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                          ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                          Typeuri
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                          Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          159. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.version
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                          ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                          NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          Typestring
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          161. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.code
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                          ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                          Typecode
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                          Pattern Value598111000005109
                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          163. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.display
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                          ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                          Control0..1
                                                                          Typestring
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          165. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                          ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          Typeboolean
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          167. Observation.component:nikotinposer.code.text
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                          ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          Typestring
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          169. Observation.component:nikotinposer.value[x]
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                          ShortActual component result
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                          Typeboolean
                                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          171. Observation.component:nikotinposer.dataAbsentReason
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                          ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                          The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                          BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                          (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                          Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          173. Observation.component:nikotinposer.interpretation
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                          ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                          (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                          Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                          Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          175. Observation.component:nikotinposer.referenceRange
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                          ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          177. Observation.component:vandpibe
                                                                          Slice Namevandpibe
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                          ShortComponent results
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                          Control0..1
                                                                          TypeBackboneElement
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          179. Observation.component:vandpibe.id
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          Typestring
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                          181. Observation.component:vandpibe.extension
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          An Extension

                                                                          ShortExtension
                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          TypeExtension
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                          183. Observation.component:vandpibe.modifierExtension
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          An Extension

                                                                          ShortExtension
                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          TypeExtension
                                                                          Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                          185. Observation.component:vandpibe.code
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                          ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                          Comments

                                                                          All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                          BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                          (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                          Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                          Requirements

                                                                          Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          187. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.id
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          Typestring
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                          189. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.extension
                                                                          Definition

                                                                          An Extension

                                                                          ShortExtension
                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                          TypeExtension
                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                          • value @ url
                                                                          • 191. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding
                                                                            Definition

                                                                            A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                            ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                            Comments

                                                                            Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                            Control1..1
                                                                            TypeCoding
                                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                                            Summarytrue
                                                                            Requirements

                                                                            Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                            193. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.id
                                                                            Definition

                                                                            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                            Control0..0
                                                                            Typestring
                                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                                            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                                            195. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.extension
                                                                            Definition

                                                                            An Extension

                                                                            ShortExtension
                                                                            Control0..0
                                                                            TypeExtension
                                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                            • value @ url
                                                                            • 197. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.system
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                              ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                              Typeuri
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                              Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              199. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.version
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                              ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                              NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              Typestring
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              201. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.code
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                              ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                              Typecode
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                              Pattern Value722495000
                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              203. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.display
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                              ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                              Control0..1
                                                                              Typestring
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              205. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                              ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              Typeboolean
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              207. Observation.component:vandpibe.code.text
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                              ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              Typestring
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              209. Observation.component:vandpibe.value[x]
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                              ShortActual component result
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                              Typeboolean
                                                                              [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              211. Observation.component:vandpibe.dataAbsentReason
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                              ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                              The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                              BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                              (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                              Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                              TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              213. Observation.component:vandpibe.interpretation
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                              ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                              (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                              Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                              TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                              Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              215. Observation.component:vandpibe.referenceRange
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                              ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              217. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug
                                                                              Slice Namevandpibeforbrug
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                              ShortComponent results
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                              Control0..1
                                                                              TypeBackboneElement
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              219. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.id
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              Typestring
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                              221. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.extension
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              An Extension

                                                                              ShortExtension
                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              TypeExtension
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                              223. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.modifierExtension
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              An Extension

                                                                              ShortExtension
                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              TypeExtension
                                                                              Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                              225. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                              ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                              Comments

                                                                              All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                              BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                              (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                              Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                              TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                              Requirements

                                                                              Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              227. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.id
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              Typestring
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                              229. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.extension
                                                                              Definition

                                                                              An Extension

                                                                              ShortExtension
                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                              TypeExtension
                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                              SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                              • value @ url
                                                                              • 231. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding
                                                                                Definition

                                                                                A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                                ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                                Comments

                                                                                Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                                Control1..1
                                                                                TypeCoding
                                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                                Requirements

                                                                                Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                233. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.id
                                                                                Definition

                                                                                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                Control0..0
                                                                                Typestring
                                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                                235. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.extension
                                                                                Definition

                                                                                An Extension

                                                                                ShortExtension
                                                                                Control0..0
                                                                                TypeExtension
                                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                • value @ url
                                                                                • 237. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.system
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                                  ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                  Typeuri
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                                  Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  239. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.version
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                                  ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                                  NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  241. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.code
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                                  ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                  Typecode
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                                  Pattern Value722495000
                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  243. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.display
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                                  ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                                  Control0..1
                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  245. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                                  ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  Typeboolean
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  247. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.code.text
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                                  ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  249. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.value[x]
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                                  ShortActual component result
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                  BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from VandpibeDagligt/Lejlighedsvist Value Set
                                                                                  (required to http://sundhedsdatastyrelsen.dk/ValueSet/VS-vandpibe-dagligt-lejlighedsvist)
                                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                  [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  251. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.dataAbsentReason
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                                  ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                                  The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                                  BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                                  (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                                  Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  253. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.interpretation
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                                  ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                                  (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                                  Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                                  Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  255. Observation.component:vandpibeforbrug.referenceRange
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                                  ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  257. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag
                                                                                  Slice Namenikotinposer-antal/dag
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                                  ShortComponent results
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                                  Control0..1
                                                                                  TypeBackboneElement
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  259. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.id
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                  261. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.extension
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  An Extension

                                                                                  ShortExtension
                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  TypeExtension
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                  263. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.modifierExtension
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  An Extension

                                                                                  ShortExtension
                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  TypeExtension
                                                                                  Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                  265. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                                  ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                  All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                  BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                                  (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                                  Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                  Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  267. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.id
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                  269. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.extension
                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                  An Extension

                                                                                  ShortExtension
                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                  TypeExtension
                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                  SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                  • value @ url
                                                                                  • 271. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding
                                                                                    Definition

                                                                                    A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                                    ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                                    Comments

                                                                                    Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                                    Control1..1
                                                                                    TypeCoding
                                                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                    Summarytrue
                                                                                    Requirements

                                                                                    Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                    273. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.id
                                                                                    Definition

                                                                                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                    Control0..0
                                                                                    Typestring
                                                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                                                    275. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.extension
                                                                                    Definition

                                                                                    An Extension

                                                                                    ShortExtension
                                                                                    Control0..0
                                                                                    TypeExtension
                                                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                    • value @ url
                                                                                    • 277. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.system
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                                      ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                                      Typeuri
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                                      Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      279. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.version
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                                      ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                                      NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      281. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.code
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                                      ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                                      Typecode
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                                      Pattern Value258950000
                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      283. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.display
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                                      ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                                      Control0..1
                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      285. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                                      ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      Typeboolean
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      287. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.code.text
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                                      ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      289. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.value[x]
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                                      ShortActual component result
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                                      Typeinteger
                                                                                      [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      291. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.dataAbsentReason
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                                      ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                                      The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                                      BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                                      (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                                      Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                                      TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      293. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.interpretation
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                                      ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                                      (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                                      Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                                      TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                                      Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      295. Observation.component:nikotinposer-antal/dag.referenceRange
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                                      ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      297. Observation.component:tyggetobak
                                                                                      Slice Nametyggetobak
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                                      ShortComponent results
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                                      Control0..1
                                                                                      TypeBackboneElement
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      299. Observation.component:tyggetobak.id
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                      301. Observation.component:tyggetobak.extension
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      An Extension

                                                                                      ShortExtension
                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      TypeExtension
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                      303. Observation.component:tyggetobak.modifierExtension
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      An Extension

                                                                                      ShortExtension
                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      TypeExtension
                                                                                      Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                      305. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                                      ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                      All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                                      BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                                      (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                                      Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                                      TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                      Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      307. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.id
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                      309. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.extension
                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                      An Extension

                                                                                      ShortExtension
                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                      TypeExtension
                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                      • value @ url
                                                                                      • 311. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding
                                                                                        Definition

                                                                                        A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                                        ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                                        Comments

                                                                                        Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                                        Control1..1
                                                                                        TypeCoding
                                                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                        Summarytrue
                                                                                        Requirements

                                                                                        Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                        313. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.id
                                                                                        Definition

                                                                                        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                        Control0..0
                                                                                        Typestring
                                                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                        Summaryfalse
                                                                                        315. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.extension
                                                                                        Definition

                                                                                        An Extension

                                                                                        ShortExtension
                                                                                        Control0..0
                                                                                        TypeExtension
                                                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                        Summaryfalse
                                                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                        • value @ url
                                                                                        • 317. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.system
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                                          ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                                          Typeuri
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                                          Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          319. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.version
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                                          ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                                          NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          321. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.code
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                                          ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                                          Typecode
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                                          Pattern Value81911001
                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          323. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.display
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                                          ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                                          Control0..1
                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          325. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                                          ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          Typeboolean
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          327. Observation.component:tyggetobak.code.text
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                                          ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          329. Observation.component:tyggetobak.value[x]
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                                          ShortActual component result
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                                          Typeboolean
                                                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          331. Observation.component:tyggetobak.dataAbsentReason
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                                          ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                                          The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                                          BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                                          (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                                          Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          333. Observation.component:tyggetobak.interpretation
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                                          ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                                          (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                                          Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                                          Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          335. Observation.component:tyggetobak.referenceRange
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                                          ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          337. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag
                                                                                          Slice Nametyggetobak-antal/dag
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                                          ShortComponent results
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                                          Control0..1
                                                                                          TypeBackboneElement
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          339. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.id
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                          341. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.extension
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          An Extension

                                                                                          ShortExtension
                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          TypeExtension
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                          343. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.modifierExtension
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          An Extension

                                                                                          ShortExtension
                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          TypeExtension
                                                                                          Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                          345. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                                          ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                          All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                                          BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                                          (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                                          Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                          Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          347. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.id
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                          349. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.extension
                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                          An Extension

                                                                                          ShortExtension
                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                          TypeExtension
                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                          • value @ url
                                                                                          • 351. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding
                                                                                            Definition

                                                                                            A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                                            ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                                            Comments

                                                                                            Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                                            Control1..1
                                                                                            TypeCoding
                                                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                            Summarytrue
                                                                                            Requirements

                                                                                            Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                            353. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.id
                                                                                            Definition

                                                                                            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                            Control0..0
                                                                                            Typestring
                                                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                                                            355. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.extension
                                                                                            Definition

                                                                                            An Extension

                                                                                            ShortExtension
                                                                                            Control0..0
                                                                                            TypeExtension
                                                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                            • value @ url
                                                                                            • 357. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.system
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                                              ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                                              Typeuri
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                                              Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              359. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.version
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                                              ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                                              NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              361. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.code
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                                              ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                                              Typecode
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                                              Pattern Value258950000
                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              363. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.display
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                                              ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                                              Control0..1
                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              365. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                                              ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              Typeboolean
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              367. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.code.text
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                                              ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              369. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.value[x]
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                                              ShortActual component result
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                                              Typeinteger
                                                                                              [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              371. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.dataAbsentReason
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                                              ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                                              The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                                              BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                                              (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                                              Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                                              TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              373. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.interpretation
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                                              ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                                              (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                                              Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                                              TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                                              Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              375. Observation.component:tyggetobak-antal/dag.referenceRange
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                                              ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              377. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi
                                                                                              Slice Namenikotintyggegummi
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                                              ShortComponent results
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                                              Control0..1
                                                                                              TypeBackboneElement
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              379. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.id
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                              381. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.extension
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              An Extension

                                                                                              ShortExtension
                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              TypeExtension
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                              383. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.modifierExtension
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              An Extension

                                                                                              ShortExtension
                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              TypeExtension
                                                                                              Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                              385. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                                              ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                              All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                                              BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                                              (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                                              Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                                              TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                              Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              387. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.id
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                              389. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.extension
                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                              An Extension

                                                                                              ShortExtension
                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                              TypeExtension
                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                              SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                              • value @ url
                                                                                              • 391. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding
                                                                                                Definition

                                                                                                A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                                                ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                                                Comments

                                                                                                Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                                                Control1..1
                                                                                                TypeCoding
                                                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                                                Requirements

                                                                                                Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                393. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.id
                                                                                                Definition

                                                                                                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                Control0..0
                                                                                                Typestring
                                                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                                                395. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.extension
                                                                                                Definition

                                                                                                An Extension

                                                                                                ShortExtension
                                                                                                Control0..0
                                                                                                TypeExtension
                                                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                                • value @ url
                                                                                                • 397. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.system
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                                                  ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                                  Typeuri
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                                                  Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  399. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.version
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                                                  ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                                                  NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  401. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.code
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                                                  ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                                  Typecode
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                                                  Pattern Value598101000005106
                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  403. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.display
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                                                  ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                                                  Control0..1
                                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  405. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                                                  ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  Typeboolean
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  407. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.code.text
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                                                  ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  409. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.value[x]
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                                                  ShortActual component result
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                                  Typeboolean
                                                                                                  [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  411. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.dataAbsentReason
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                                                  ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                                                  The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                                                  BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                                                  (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                                                  Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  413. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.interpretation
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                                                  ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                                                  (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                                                  Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                                                  Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  415. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi.referenceRange
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                                                  ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  417. Observation.component:e-cigaret
                                                                                                  Slice Namee-cigaret
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                                                  ShortComponent results
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                                                  Control0..1
                                                                                                  TypeBackboneElement
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  419. Observation.component:e-cigaret.id
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                  421. Observation.component:e-cigaret.extension
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  An Extension

                                                                                                  ShortExtension
                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  TypeExtension
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                  423. Observation.component:e-cigaret.modifierExtension
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  An Extension

                                                                                                  ShortExtension
                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  TypeExtension
                                                                                                  Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                  425. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                                                  ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                  All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                                  BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                                                  (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                                                  Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                  Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  427. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.id
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                  429. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.extension
                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                  An Extension

                                                                                                  ShortExtension
                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                  TypeExtension
                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                  SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                                  • value @ url
                                                                                                  • 431. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding
                                                                                                    Definition

                                                                                                    A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                                                    ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                                                    Comments

                                                                                                    Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                                                    Control1..1
                                                                                                    TypeCoding
                                                                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                    Summarytrue
                                                                                                    Requirements

                                                                                                    Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                    433. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.id
                                                                                                    Definition

                                                                                                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                    Control0..0
                                                                                                    Typestring
                                                                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                                                                    435. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.extension
                                                                                                    Definition

                                                                                                    An Extension

                                                                                                    ShortExtension
                                                                                                    Control0..0
                                                                                                    TypeExtension
                                                                                                    Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                    Summaryfalse
                                                                                                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                                    • value @ url
                                                                                                    • 437. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.system
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                                                      ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                                                      Typeuri
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                                                      Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      439. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.version
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                                                      ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                                                      NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      441. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.code
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                                                      ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                                                      Typecode
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                                                      Pattern Value722498003
                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      443. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.display
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                                                      ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                                                      Control0..1
                                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      445. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                                                      ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      Typeboolean
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      447. Observation.component:e-cigaret.code.text
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                                                      ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      449. Observation.component:e-cigaret.value[x]
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                                                      ShortActual component result
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                                                      Typeboolean
                                                                                                      [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      451. Observation.component:e-cigaret.dataAbsentReason
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                                                      ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                                                      The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                                                      BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                                                      (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                                                      Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                                                      TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      453. Observation.component:e-cigaret.interpretation
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                                                      ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                                                      (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                                                      Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                                                      TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                                                      Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      455. Observation.component:e-cigaret.referenceRange
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                                                      ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      457. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag
                                                                                                      Slice Namee-cigaret-milliliter/dag
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                                                      ShortComponent results
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                                                      Control0..1
                                                                                                      TypeBackboneElement
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      459. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.id
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                                      461. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.extension
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      An Extension

                                                                                                      ShortExtension
                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      TypeExtension
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                      463. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.modifierExtension
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      An Extension

                                                                                                      ShortExtension
                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      TypeExtension
                                                                                                      Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                      465. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                                                      ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                                                      Comments

                                                                                                      All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                                                      Control1..1
                                                                                                      BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                                                      (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                                                      Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                                                      TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Summarytrue
                                                                                                      Requirements

                                                                                                      Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      467. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.id
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      Typestring
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                                      469. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.extension
                                                                                                      Definition

                                                                                                      An Extension

                                                                                                      ShortExtension
                                                                                                      Control0..0
                                                                                                      TypeExtension
                                                                                                      Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                      Summaryfalse
                                                                                                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                                      • value @ url
                                                                                                      • 471. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding
                                                                                                        Definition

                                                                                                        A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                                                        ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                                                        Comments

                                                                                                        Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                                                        Control1..1
                                                                                                        TypeCoding
                                                                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                        Summarytrue
                                                                                                        Requirements

                                                                                                        Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                        473. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.id
                                                                                                        Definition

                                                                                                        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                        Control0..0
                                                                                                        Typestring
                                                                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                        Summaryfalse
                                                                                                        475. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.extension
                                                                                                        Definition

                                                                                                        An Extension

                                                                                                        ShortExtension
                                                                                                        Control0..0
                                                                                                        TypeExtension
                                                                                                        Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                        Summaryfalse
                                                                                                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                                        • value @ url
                                                                                                        • 477. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.system
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                                                          ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                                                          Typeuri
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                                                          Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          479. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.version
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                                                          ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                                                          NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          481. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.code
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                                                          ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                                                          Typecode
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                                                          Pattern Value258860005
                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          483. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.display
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                                                          ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                                                          Control0..1
                                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          485. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                                                          ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          Typeboolean
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          487. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.code.text
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                                                          ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          489. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.value[x]
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                                                          ShortActual component result
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                                                          Typeinteger
                                                                                                          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          491. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.dataAbsentReason
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                                                          ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                                                          The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                                                          BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                                                          (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                                                          Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          493. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.interpretation
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                                                          ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                                                          (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                                                          Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                                                          Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          495. Observation.component:e-cigaret-milliliter/dag.referenceRange
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                                                          ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          497. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak
                                                                                                          Slice Nameandetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                                                          ShortComponent results
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                                                          Control0..1
                                                                                                          TypeBackboneElement
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          499. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.id
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                                          501. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.extension
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          An Extension

                                                                                                          ShortExtension
                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          TypeExtension
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                          503. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.modifierExtension
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          An Extension

                                                                                                          ShortExtension
                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          TypeExtension
                                                                                                          Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                          505. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                                                          ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                                                          Comments

                                                                                                          All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                                                          Control1..1
                                                                                                          BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                                                          (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                                                          Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                                                          TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Summarytrue
                                                                                                          Requirements

                                                                                                          Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          507. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.id
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                          ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          Typestring
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                                          509. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.extension
                                                                                                          Definition

                                                                                                          An Extension

                                                                                                          ShortExtension
                                                                                                          Control0..0
                                                                                                          TypeExtension
                                                                                                          Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                          Summaryfalse
                                                                                                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                                          • value @ url
                                                                                                          • 511. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding
                                                                                                            Definition

                                                                                                            A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                                                            ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                                                            Comments

                                                                                                            Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                                                            Control1..1
                                                                                                            TypeCoding
                                                                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                            Summarytrue
                                                                                                            Requirements

                                                                                                            Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                            513. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.id
                                                                                                            Definition

                                                                                                            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                            Control0..0
                                                                                                            Typestring
                                                                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                                                                            515. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.extension
                                                                                                            Definition

                                                                                                            An Extension

                                                                                                            ShortExtension
                                                                                                            Control0..0
                                                                                                            TypeExtension
                                                                                                            Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                            Summaryfalse
                                                                                                            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                                            • value @ url
                                                                                                            • 517. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.system
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                                                              ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                                                              Typeuri
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                                                              Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              519. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.version
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                                                              ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                                                              NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              521. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.code
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                                                              ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                                                              Typecode
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                                                              Pattern Value398005008
                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              523. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.display
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                                                              ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                                                              Control0..1
                                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              525. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                                                              ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              Typeboolean
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              527. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.code.text
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                                                              ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              529. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.value[x]
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                                                              ShortActual component result
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                                              [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              531. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.dataAbsentReason
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                                                              ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                                                              The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                                                              BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                                                              (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                                                              Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                                                              TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              533. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.interpretation
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                                                              ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                                                              (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                                                              Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                                                              TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                                                              Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              535. Observation.component:andetnikotinprodukt/røgfri-tobak.referenceRange
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                                                              ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              537. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag
                                                                                                              Slice Namenikotintyggegummi-antal/dag
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

                                                                                                              ShortComponent results
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

                                                                                                              Control0..1
                                                                                                              TypeBackboneElement
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              539. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.id
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                                              541. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.extension
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              An Extension

                                                                                                              ShortExtension
                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              TypeExtension
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                              543. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.modifierExtension
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              An Extension

                                                                                                              ShortExtension
                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              TypeExtension
                                                                                                              Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                              545. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

                                                                                                              ShortType of component observation (code / type)
                                                                                                              Comments

                                                                                                              All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

                                                                                                              Control1..1
                                                                                                              BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodes
                                                                                                              (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

                                                                                                              Codes identifying names of simple observations.

                                                                                                              TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Summarytrue
                                                                                                              Requirements

                                                                                                              Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              547. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.id
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              Typestring
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                                              549. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.extension
                                                                                                              Definition

                                                                                                              An Extension

                                                                                                              ShortExtension
                                                                                                              Control0..0
                                                                                                              TypeExtension
                                                                                                              Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                              Summaryfalse
                                                                                                              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                              SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                                              • value @ url
                                                                                                              • 551. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding
                                                                                                                Definition

                                                                                                                A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

                                                                                                                ShortCode defined by a terminology system
                                                                                                                Comments

                                                                                                                Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

                                                                                                                Control1..1
                                                                                                                TypeCoding
                                                                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                Summarytrue
                                                                                                                Requirements

                                                                                                                Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

                                                                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                553. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.id
                                                                                                                Definition

                                                                                                                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                                                                                                                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                                                                                                                Control0..0
                                                                                                                Typestring
                                                                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                                                                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                                                                555. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.extension
                                                                                                                Definition

                                                                                                                An Extension

                                                                                                                ShortExtension
                                                                                                                Control0..0
                                                                                                                TypeExtension
                                                                                                                Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                Summaryfalse
                                                                                                                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                                                                                                                SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.code.coding.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                                                                                                                • value @ url
                                                                                                                • 557. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.system
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

                                                                                                                  ShortIdentity of the terminology system
                                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                                  The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

                                                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                                                  Typeuri
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                                  Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

                                                                                                                  Pattern Valuehttp://snomed.info/sct|http://snomed.info/sct/554471000005108
                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                  559. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.version
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.

                                                                                                                  ShortVersion of the system - if relevant
                                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                                  Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.

                                                                                                                  NoteThis is a business version Id, not a resource version Id (see discussion)
                                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                  561. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.code
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).

                                                                                                                  ShortSymbol in syntax defined by the system
                                                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                                                  Typecode
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                                  Need to refer to a particular code in the system.

                                                                                                                  Pattern Value258950000
                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                  563. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.display
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.

                                                                                                                  ShortRepresentation defined by the system
                                                                                                                  Control0..1
                                                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                                  Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system.

                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                  565. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.coding.userSelected
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).

                                                                                                                  ShortIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
                                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                                  Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.

                                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                                  Typeboolean
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                                  This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.

                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                  567. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.code.text
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.

                                                                                                                  ShortPlain text representation of the concept
                                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                                  Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.

                                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                                  Typestring
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                                  The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.

                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                  569. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.value[x]
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

                                                                                                                  ShortActual component result
                                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                                  Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.

                                                                                                                  Control1..1
                                                                                                                  Typeinteger
                                                                                                                  [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                                                                                                                  Summarytrue
                                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                                  An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                  571. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.dataAbsentReason
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing.

                                                                                                                  ShortWhy the component result is missing
                                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                                  "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done".

                                                                                                                  The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

                                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                                  This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
                                                                                                                  BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason
                                                                                                                  (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

                                                                                                                  Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

                                                                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                                  For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                  573. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.interpretation
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

                                                                                                                  ShortHigh, low, normal, etc.
                                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                                  Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

                                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                                  BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes
                                                                                                                  (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

                                                                                                                  Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

                                                                                                                  TypeCodeableConcept
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                                  For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

                                                                                                                  Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                                                                                                                  575. Observation.component:nikotintyggegummi-antal/dag.referenceRange
                                                                                                                  Definition

                                                                                                                  Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.

                                                                                                                  ShortProvides guide for interpretation of component result
                                                                                                                  Comments

                                                                                                                  Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

                                                                                                                  Control0..0
                                                                                                                  TypeSeettp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange
                                                                                                                  Is Modifierfalse
                                                                                                                  Summaryfalse
                                                                                                                  Requirements

                                                                                                                  Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.

                                                                                                                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))