XpanDH Hospital Discharge Report
0.1.0 - ci-build 150

XpanDH Hospital Discharge Report, published by XpanDH Project. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 0.1.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/hl7-eu/xpandh-hdr/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

## Resource Profile: Observation Results: radiology

Official URL: http://hl7.eu/fhir/ig/xpandh/hdr/StructureDefinition/Observation-results-radiology-eu-xpandh | Version: 0.1.0
Draft as of 2025-10-10 | Computable Name: ObservationResultsRadiologyXpandh
Copyright/Legal: Used by permission of the XpanDH project, all rights reserved Creative Commons License

This profile constrains the Observation resource to represent results produced by pathology studies for the XpanDH project.

Usages:

- This Profile is not used by any profiles in this Implementation Guide

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

### Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

- Key Elements Table
- Differential Table
- Snapshot Table
- Statistics/References
- All

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps | Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, hasMemberOrComponent, hasComponentifValueStringEmpty
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
Slices for category |  | 1..* | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:radiology | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: imaging
display |  | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Observation - IPS (extensible)
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient (IPS)) | Who and/or what the observation is about
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
effective[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 |  | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: ips-1
effective[x]All Types |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all Types
Slices for extension |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all slices
extension:data-absent-reason | S | 0..1 | code | effective[x] absence reason URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/data-absent-reason Binding: DataAbsentReason (required)
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
performer | S Σ | 1..* | Reference(Practitioner (IPS) | PractitionerRole (IPS) | Organization (IPS) | CareTeam | Patient (IPS) | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation
Slices for value[x] | S Σ C | 0..1 |  | Actual result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
value[x]:valueString | S Σ C | 0..1 | string | Actual result
Slices for component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:value
component:All Slices |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
component:observationText | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Text
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Textual Observations (SNOMED-DICOM-LOINC) - IPS (extensible)
value[x] | Σ | 1..1 | string | Actual component result
component:observationCode | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Code
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Observation - IPS (extensible)
value[x] |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text
component:numericQuantityMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume quantity measurements
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | QuantityIPS | A measured amount using UCUM Constraints: qty-3
component:numericRangeMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume range measurements
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | RangeIPS | Set of values bounded by low and high Constraints: rng-2
component:numericRatioMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume ratio measurements
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | RatioIPS | A ratio of two Quantity values - a numerator and a denominator Constraints: rat-1
component:numericSampledDataMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume sampled data measurements
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | Σ | 1..1 | SampledData | Actual component result
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Status | Usage | ValueSet | Version | Source
Observation.status | Base | required | ObservationStatus | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category:radiology | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Observation - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component.​code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationText.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Textual Observations (SNOMED-DICOM-LOINC) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:observationCode.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Observation - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericSampledDataMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources | `contained.contained.empty()`
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource | `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated | `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label | `contained.meta.security.empty()`
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management | `text.`div`.exists()`
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children | `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both | `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
hasComponentifValueStringEmpty | error | Observation | component is required if valueString is empty | `(component.exists() and valueString.empty()) or valueString.exists()`
hasMemberOrComponent | error | Observation | component and hasMember are mutually exclusive | `hasMember.empty() or component.empty()`
ips-1 | error | Observation.effective[x] | Datetime must be at least to day. | `$this.ofType(dateTime).empty() or ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 8`
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present | `dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()`
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | `value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()`
qty-3 | error | Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.value[x] | If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present | `code.empty() or system.exists()`
rat-1 | error | Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.value[x] | Numerator and denominator SHALL both be present, or both are absent. If both are absent, there SHALL be some extension present | `(numerator.empty() xor denominator.exists()) and (numerator.exists() or extension.exists())`
rng-2 | error | Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.value[x] | If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high | `low.empty() or high.empty() or (low <= high)`

This structure is derived from ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation |  | 0..* | ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps | Measurements and simple assertions
Documentation for this format

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps | Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, hasMemberOrComponent, hasComponentifValueStringEmpty
id | Σ | 0..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | Metadata about the resource
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
language |  | 0..1 | code | Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
text |  | 0..1 | Narrative | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained |  | 0..* | Resource | Contained, inline Resources
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Imaging Study (IPS)) | Part of referenced event
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
Slices for category |  | 1..* | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:radiology | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: imaging
display |  | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Observation - IPS (extensible)
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient (IPS)) | Who and/or what the observation is about
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 |  | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: ips-1
effective[x]All Types |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all Types
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Slices for extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:data-absent-reason | S | 0..1 | code | effective[x] absence reason URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/data-absent-reason Binding: DataAbsentReason (required)
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
issued | Σ | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available
performer | S Σ | 1..* | Reference(Practitioner (IPS) | PractitionerRole (IPS) | Organization (IPS) | CareTeam | Patient (IPS) | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation
Slices for value[x] | S Σ C | 0..1 |  | Actual result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
value[x]:valueString | S Σ C | 0..1 | string | Actual result
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note |  | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation
bodySite |  | 0..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen |  | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
device |  | 0..1 | Reference(Device - performer, observer) | (Measurement) Device
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | Low Range, if relevant
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | High Range, if relevant
type |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age |  | 0..1 | Range | Applicable age range, if relevant
text |  | 0..1 | string | Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation Results: radiology (IPS) | Observation Results (IPS)) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | Σ C | 0..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
derivedFrom | Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:value
component:All Slices |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all slices
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x] | Σ | 0..1 |  | Actual component result
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:observationText | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Text
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Textual Observations (SNOMED-DICOM-LOINC) - IPS (extensible)
value[x] | Σ | 1..1 | string | Actual component result
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:observationCode | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Code
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Observation - IPS (extensible)
value[x] |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:numericQuantityMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume quantity measurements
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | QuantityIPS | A measured amount using UCUM Constraints: qty-3
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:numericRangeMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume range measurements
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | RangeIPS | Set of values bounded by low and high Constraints: rng-2
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:numericRatioMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume ratio measurements
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | RatioIPS | A ratio of two Quantity values - a numerator and a denominator Constraints: rat-1
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:numericSampledDataMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume sampled data measurements
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | Σ | 1..1 | SampledData | Actual component result
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Status | Usage | ValueSet | Version | Source
Observation.language | Base | preferred | Common Languages | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.status | Base | required | ObservationStatus | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category:radiology | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Observation - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.subject.​type | Base | extensible | ResourceType | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite | Base | example | SNOMED CT Body Structures | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.method | Base | example | Observation Methods | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type | Base | preferred | Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo | Base | example | Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.hasMember.​type | Base | extensible | ResourceType | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationText.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Textual Observations (SNOMED-DICOM-LOINC) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:observationText.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationText.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationCode.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Observation - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:observationCode.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationCode.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericSampledDataMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericSampledDataMeasurement.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericSampledDataMeasurement.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources | `contained.contained.empty()`
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource | `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated | `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label | `contained.meta.security.empty()`
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management | `text.`div`.exists()`
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children | `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both | `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
hasComponentifValueStringEmpty | error | Observation | component is required if valueString is empty | `(component.exists() and valueString.empty()) or valueString.exists()`
hasMemberOrComponent | error | Observation | component and hasMember are mutually exclusive | `hasMember.empty() or component.empty()`
ips-1 | error | Observation.effective[x] | Datetime must be at least to day. | `$this.ofType(dateTime).empty() or ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 8`
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text | `low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()`
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present | `dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()`
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | `value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()`
qty-3 | error | Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.value[x] | If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present | `code.empty() or system.exists()`
rat-1 | error | Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.value[x] | Numerator and denominator SHALL both be present, or both are absent. If both are absent, there SHALL be some extension present | `(numerator.empty() xor denominator.exists()) and (numerator.exists() or extension.exists())`
rng-2 | error | Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.value[x] | If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high | `low.empty() or high.empty() or (low <= high)`

This structure is derived from ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps

Summary

Key Elements View

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps | Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, hasMemberOrComponent, hasComponentifValueStringEmpty
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
Slices for category |  | 1..* | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:radiology | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: imaging
display |  | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Observation - IPS (extensible)
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient (IPS)) | Who and/or what the observation is about
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
effective[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 |  | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: ips-1
effective[x]All Types |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all Types
Slices for extension |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all slices
extension:data-absent-reason | S | 0..1 | code | effective[x] absence reason URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/data-absent-reason Binding: DataAbsentReason (required)
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
performer | S Σ | 1..* | Reference(Practitioner (IPS) | PractitionerRole (IPS) | Organization (IPS) | CareTeam | Patient (IPS) | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation
Slices for value[x] | S Σ C | 0..1 |  | Actual result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
value[x]:valueString | S Σ C | 0..1 | string | Actual result
Slices for component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:value
component:All Slices |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
component:observationText | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Text
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Textual Observations (SNOMED-DICOM-LOINC) - IPS (extensible)
value[x] | Σ | 1..1 | string | Actual component result
component:observationCode | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Code
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Observation - IPS (extensible)
value[x] |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text
component:numericQuantityMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume quantity measurements
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | QuantityIPS | A measured amount using UCUM Constraints: qty-3
component:numericRangeMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume range measurements
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | RangeIPS | Set of values bounded by low and high Constraints: rng-2
component:numericRatioMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume ratio measurements
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | RatioIPS | A ratio of two Quantity values - a numerator and a denominator Constraints: rat-1
component:numericSampledDataMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume sampled data measurements
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | Σ | 1..1 | SampledData | Actual component result
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Status | Usage | ValueSet | Version | Source
Observation.status | Base | required | ObservationStatus | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category:radiology | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Observation - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component.​code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationText.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Textual Observations (SNOMED-DICOM-LOINC) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:observationCode.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Observation - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericSampledDataMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources | `contained.contained.empty()`
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource | `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated | `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label | `contained.meta.security.empty()`
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management | `text.`div`.exists()`
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children | `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both | `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
hasComponentifValueStringEmpty | error | Observation | component is required if valueString is empty | `(component.exists() and valueString.empty()) or valueString.exists()`
hasMemberOrComponent | error | Observation | component and hasMember are mutually exclusive | `hasMember.empty() or component.empty()`
ips-1 | error | Observation.effective[x] | Datetime must be at least to day. | `$this.ofType(dateTime).empty() or ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 8`
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present | `dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()`
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | `value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()`
qty-3 | error | Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.value[x] | If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present | `code.empty() or system.exists()`
rat-1 | error | Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.value[x] | Numerator and denominator SHALL both be present, or both are absent. If both are absent, there SHALL be some extension present | `(numerator.empty() xor denominator.exists()) and (numerator.exists() or extension.exists())`
rng-2 | error | Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.value[x] | If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high | `low.empty() or high.empty() or (low <= high)`

Differential View

This structure is derived from ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation |  | 0..* | ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps | Measurements and simple assertions
Documentation for this format

Snapshot View

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps | Measurements and simple assertions Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, hasMemberOrComponent, hasComponentifValueStringEmpty
id | Σ | 0..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | Metadata about the resource
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
language |  | 0..1 | code | Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
text |  | 0..1 | Narrative | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained |  | 0..* | Resource | Contained, inline Resources
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Imaging Study (IPS)) | Part of referenced event
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
Slices for category |  | 1..* | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:radiology | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: imaging
display |  | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Observation - IPS (extensible)
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient (IPS)) | Who and/or what the observation is about
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 |  | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Constraints: ips-1
effective[x]All Types |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all Types
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Slices for extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:data-absent-reason | S | 0..1 | code | effective[x] absence reason URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/data-absent-reason Binding: DataAbsentReason (required)
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
issued | Σ | 0..1 | instant | Date/Time this version was made available
performer | S Σ | 1..* | Reference(Practitioner (IPS) | PractitionerRole (IPS) | Organization (IPS) | CareTeam | Patient (IPS) | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation
Slices for value[x] | S Σ C | 0..1 |  | Actual result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
value[x]:valueString | S Σ C | 0..1 | string | Actual result
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note |  | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation
bodySite |  | 0..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen |  | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
device |  | 0..1 | Reference(Device - performer, observer) | (Measurement) Device
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | Low Range, if relevant
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | High Range, if relevant
type |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age |  | 0..1 | Range | Applicable age range, if relevant
text |  | 0..1 | string | Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation Results: radiology (IPS) | Observation Results (IPS)) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | Σ C | 0..1 | string | Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
derivedFrom | Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Component results Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:value
component:All Slices |  |  |  | Content/Rules for all slices
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x] | Σ | 0..1 |  | Actual component result
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:observationText | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Text
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Textual Observations (SNOMED-DICOM-LOINC) - IPS (extensible)
value[x] | Σ | 1..1 | string | Actual component result
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:observationCode | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Code
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Observation - IPS (extensible)
value[x] |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:numericQuantityMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume quantity measurements
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | QuantityIPS | A measured amount using UCUM Constraints: qty-3
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:numericRangeMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume range measurements
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | RangeIPS | Set of values bounded by low and high Constraints: rng-2
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:numericRatioMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume ratio measurements
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | C | 1..1 | RatioIPS | A ratio of two Quantity values - a numerator and a denominator Constraints: rat-1
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:numericSampledDataMeasurement | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Observation Measurement, including linear, area and volume sampled data measurements
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConceptIPS | Concept - reference to a terminology or just text Binding: Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS (extensible): Codes identifying numeric measurements
value[x] | Σ | 1..1 | SampledData | Actual component result
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Status | Usage | ValueSet | Version | Source
Observation.language | Base | preferred | Common Languages | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.status | Base | required | ObservationStatus | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category:radiology | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Observation - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.subject.​type | Base | extensible | ResourceType | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite | Base | example | SNOMED CT Body Structures | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.method | Base | example | Observation Methods | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type | Base | preferred | Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo | Base | example | Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.hasMember.​type | Base | extensible | ResourceType | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationText.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Textual Observations (SNOMED-DICOM-LOINC) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:observationText.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationText.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationCode.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Observation - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:observationCode.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:observationCode.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericSampledDataMeasurement.​code | Base | extensible | Results Radiology Measurement Observation (SNOMED-DICOM) - IPS | 📦1.1.0 | International Patient Summary Implementation Guide v1.1
Observation.component:numericSampledDataMeasurement.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component:numericSampledDataMeasurement.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📦4.0.1 | FHIR Std.

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources | `contained.contained.empty()`
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource | `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated | `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label | `contained.meta.security.empty()`
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management | `text.`div`.exists()`
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children | `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both | `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
hasComponentifValueStringEmpty | error | Observation | component is required if valueString is empty | `(component.exists() and valueString.empty()) or valueString.exists()`
hasMemberOrComponent | error | Observation | component and hasMember are mutually exclusive | `hasMember.empty() or component.empty()`
ips-1 | error | Observation.effective[x] | Datetime must be at least to day. | `$this.ofType(dateTime).empty() or ($this as dateTime).toString().length() >= 8`
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text | `low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()`
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present | `dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()`
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | `value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()`
qty-3 | error | Observation.component:numericQuantityMeasurement.value[x] | If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present | `code.empty() or system.exists()`
rat-1 | error | Observation.component:numericRatioMeasurement.value[x] | Numerator and denominator SHALL both be present, or both are absent. If both are absent, there SHALL be some extension present | `(numerator.empty() xor denominator.exists()) and (numerator.exists() or extension.exists())`
rng-2 | error | Observation.component:numericRangeMeasurement.value[x] | If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high | `low.empty() or high.empty() or (low <= high)`

This structure is derived from ObservationResultsRadiologyUvIps

Summary

Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron