HL7® FHIR® New Zealand Base Implementation Guide
3.1.0 - Draft

HL7® FHIR® New Zealand Base Implementation Guide, published by HL7 New Zealand. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 3.1.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/daniel-thomson/nzbase/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

## Resource Profile: NzMedicationDispense - Detailed Descriptions

Draft as of 2026-03-12

Definitions for the NzMedicationDispense resource profile.

- Key Elements Table
- Differential Elements Table
- Snapshot Elements Table

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. MedicationDispense
Definition | Indicates that a medication product is to be or has been dispensed for a named person/patient. This includes a description of the medication product (supply) provided and the instructions for administering the medication. The medication dispense is the result of a pharmacy system responding to a medication order.
Short | Dispensing a medication to a named patient
Control | 0..*
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty()) dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()) dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()) dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty()) dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists()) mdd-1: whenHandedOver cannot be before whenPrepared (`whenHandedOver.empty() or whenPrepared.empty() or whenHandedOver >= whenPrepared`) mdd-1: whenHandedOver cannot be before whenPrepared (whenHandedOver.empty() or whenPrepared.empty() or whenHandedOver >= whenPrepared)
2. MedicationDispense.implicitRules
Definition | A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.
Short | A set of rules under which this content was created
Comments | Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.
Control | 0..1
Type | uri
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
4. MedicationDispense.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Summary | false
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
6. MedicationDispense.status
Definition | A code specifying the state of the set of dispense events.
Short | preparation | in-progress | cancelled | on-hold | completed | entered-in-error | stopped | declined | unknown
Comments | This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.
Control | 1..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from MedicationDispense Status Codes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationdispense-status|4.0.1 (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationdispense-status|4.0.1` ) A coded concept specifying the state of the dispense event.
Type | code
Is Modifier | true because This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
8. MedicationDispense.medication[x]
Definition | Identifies the medication being administered. This is either a link to a resource representing the details of the medication or a simple attribute carrying a code that identifies the medication from a known list of medications.
Short | What medication was supplied
Comments | If only a code is specified, then it needs to be a code for a specific product. If more information is required, then the use of the medication resource is recommended. For example, if you require form or lot number, then you must reference the Medication resource.
Control | 1..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTMedicationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-codes|4.0.1 (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-codes|4.0.1` ) A coded concept identifying which substance or product can be dispensed.
Type | Choice of: CodeableConcept, Reference(Medication)
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `MedicationDispense.medication[x]`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: type @ $this
10. MedicationDispense.medication[x]:medicationCodeableConcept
Slice Name | medicationCodeableConcept
Definition | Identifies the medication being administered. This is either a link to a resource representing the details of the medication or a simple attribute carrying a code that identifies the medication from a known list of medications.
Short | What medication was supplied
Comments | If only a code is specified, then it needs to be a code for a specific product. If more information is required, then the use of the medication resource is recommended. For example, if you require form or lot number, then you must reference the Medication resource.
Control | 01..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from For example codes, see http://nzmt.org.nz/vs http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-codes|4.0.1 (preferred to `http://nzmt.org.nz/vs` )
Type | CodeableConcept, Reference(Medication)
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. MedicationDispense
2. MedicationDispense.medication[x]
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `MedicationDispense.medication[x]`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: type @ $this
4. MedicationDispense.medication[x]:medicationCodeableConcept
Slice Name | medicationCodeableConcept
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from http://nzmt.org.nz/vs (preferred to `http://nzmt.org.nz/vs` )
Type | CodeableConcept
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. MedicationDispense
Definition | Indicates that a medication product is to be or has been dispensed for a named person/patient. This includes a description of the medication product (supply) provided and the instructions for administering the medication. The medication dispense is the result of a pharmacy system responding to a medication order.
Short | Dispensing a medication to a named patient
Control | 0..*
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (`contained.contained.empty()`) dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (`contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`) dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (`contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`) dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (`contained.meta.security.empty()`) dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (`text.`div`.exists()`) mdd-1: whenHandedOver cannot be before whenPrepared (`whenHandedOver.empty() or whenPrepared.empty() or whenHandedOver >= whenPrepared`)
2. MedicationDispense.id
Definition | The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.
Short | Logical id of this artifact
Comments | The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.
Control | 0..1
Type | id
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
4. MedicationDispense.meta
Definition | The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.
Short | Metadata about the resource
Control | 0..1
Type | Meta
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
6. MedicationDispense.implicitRules
Definition | A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.
Short | A set of rules under which this content was created
Comments | Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.
Control | 0..1
Type | uri
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
8. MedicationDispense.language
Definition | The base language in which the resource is written.
Short | Language of the resource content
Comments | Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages (preferred to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages|4.0.1` ) A human language.
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
10. MedicationDispense.text
Definition | A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.
Short | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
Comments | Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.
Control | 0..1
Type | Narrative
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | narrative, html, xhtml, display
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
12. MedicationDispense.contained
Definition | These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.
Short | Contained, inline Resources
Comments | This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.
Control | 0..*
Type | Resource
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
14. MedicationDispense.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
16. MedicationDispense.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Summary | false
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
18. MedicationDispense.identifier
Definition | Identifiers associated with this Medication Dispense that are defined by business processes and/or used to refer to it when a direct URL reference to the resource itself is not appropriate. They are business identifiers assigned to this resource by the performer or other systems and remain constant as the resource is updated and propagates from server to server.
Short | External identifier
Comments | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier.
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control | 0..*
Type | Identifier
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
20. MedicationDispense.partOf
Definition | The procedure that trigger the dispense.
Short | Event that dispense is part of
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Procedure)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
22. MedicationDispense.status
Definition | A code specifying the state of the set of dispense events.
Short | preparation | in-progress | cancelled | on-hold | completed | entered-in-error | stopped | declined | unknown
Comments | This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.
Control | 1..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from MedicationDispense Status Codes (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationdispense-status|4.0.1` ) A coded concept specifying the state of the dispense event.
Type | code
Is Modifier | true because This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
24. MedicationDispense.statusReason[x]
Definition | Indicates the reason why a dispense was not performed.
Short | Why a dispense was not performed
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see MedicationDispense Status Reason Codes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationdispense-status-reason|4.0.1` ) A code describing why a dispense was not performed.
Type | Choice of: CodeableConcept, Reference(DetectedIssue)
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
26. MedicationDispense.category
Definition | Indicates the type of medication dispense (for example, where the medication is expected to be consumed or administered (i.e. inpatient or outpatient)).
Short | Type of medication dispense
Comments | The category can be used to include where the medication is expected to be consumed or other types of dispenses. Invariants can be used to bind to different value sets when profiling to bind.
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from MedicationDispense Category Codes (preferred to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationdispense-category|4.0.1` ) A code describing where the dispensed medication is expected to be consumed or administered.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
28. MedicationDispense.medication[x]
Definition | Identifies the medication being administered. This is either a link to a resource representing the details of the medication or a simple attribute carrying a code that identifies the medication from a known list of medications.
Short | What medication was supplied
Comments | If only a code is specified, then it needs to be a code for a specific product. If more information is required, then the use of the medication resource is recommended. For example, if you require form or lot number, then you must reference the Medication resource.
Control | 1..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTMedicationCodes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-codes|4.0.1` ) A coded concept identifying which substance or product can be dispensed.
Type | Choice of: CodeableConcept, Reference(Medication)
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `MedicationDispense.medication[x]`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: type @ $this
30. MedicationDispense.medication[x]:medicationCodeableConcept
Slice Name | medicationCodeableConcept
Definition | Identifies the medication being administered. This is either a link to a resource representing the details of the medication or a simple attribute carrying a code that identifies the medication from a known list of medications.
Short | What medication was supplied
Comments | If only a code is specified, then it needs to be a code for a specific product. If more information is required, then the use of the medication resource is recommended. For example, if you require form or lot number, then you must reference the Medication resource.
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from http://nzmt.org.nz/vs (preferred to `http://nzmt.org.nz/vs` )
Type | CodeableConcept
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
32. MedicationDispense.subject
Definition | A link to a resource representing the person or the group to whom the medication will be given.
Short | Who the dispense is for
Comments | SubstanceAdministration->subject->Patient.
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(Patient, Group)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
34. MedicationDispense.context
Definition | The encounter or episode of care that establishes the context for this event.
Short | Encounter / Episode associated with event
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(Encounter, EpisodeOfCare)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
36. MedicationDispense.supportingInformation
Definition | Additional information that supports the medication being dispensed.
Short | Information that supports the dispensing of the medication
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Resource)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
38. MedicationDispense.performer
Definition | Indicates who or what performed the event.
Short | Who performed event
Control | 0..*
Type | BackboneElement
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
40. MedicationDispense.performer.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
42. MedicationDispense.performer.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
44. MedicationDispense.performer.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
46. MedicationDispense.performer.function
Definition | Distinguishes the type of performer in the dispense. For example, date enterer, packager, final checker.
Short | Who performed the dispense and what they did
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see MedicationDispense Performer Function Codes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationdispense-performer-function|4.0.1` ) A code describing the role an individual played in dispensing a medication.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Requirements | Allows disambiguation of the types of involvement of different performers.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
48. MedicationDispense.performer.actor
Definition | The device, practitioner, etc. who performed the action. It should be assumed that the actor is the dispenser of the medication.
Short | Individual who was performing
Control | 1..1
Type | Reference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Organization, Patient, Device, RelatedPerson)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
50. MedicationDispense.location
Definition | The principal physical location where the dispense was performed.
Short | Where the dispense occurred
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(Location)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
52. MedicationDispense.authorizingPrescription
Definition | Indicates the medication order that is being dispensed against.
Short | Medication order that authorizes the dispense
Comments | Maps to basedOn in Event logical model.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(MedicationRequest)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
54. MedicationDispense.type
Definition | Indicates the type of dispensing event that is performed. For example, Trial Fill, Completion of Trial, Partial Fill, Emergency Fill, Samples, etc.
Short | Trial fill, partial fill, emergency fill, etc.
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see ActPharmacySupplyType (example to `http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-ActPharmacySupplyType` ) Indicates the type of dispensing event that is performed. For example, Trial Fill, Completion of Trial, Partial Fill, Emergency Fill, Samples, etc.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
56. MedicationDispense.quantity
Definition | The amount of medication that has been dispensed. Includes unit of measure.
Short | Amount dispensed
Control | 0..1
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
58. MedicationDispense.daysSupply
Definition | The amount of medication expressed as a timing amount.
Short | Amount of medication expressed as a timing amount
Control | 0..1
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
60. MedicationDispense.whenPrepared
Definition | The time when the dispensed product was packaged and reviewed.
Short | When product was packaged and reviewed
Control | 0..1
Type | dateTime
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
62. MedicationDispense.whenHandedOver
Definition | The time the dispensed product was provided to the patient or their representative.
Short | When product was given out
Control | 0..1
Type | dateTime
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
64. MedicationDispense.destination
Definition | Identification of the facility/location where the medication was shipped to, as part of the dispense event.
Short | Where the medication was sent
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(Location)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
66. MedicationDispense.receiver
Definition | Identifies the person who picked up the medication. This will usually be a patient or their caregiver, but some cases exist where it can be a healthcare professional.
Short | Who collected the medication
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Patient, Practitioner)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
68. MedicationDispense.note
Definition | Extra information about the dispense that could not be conveyed in the other attributes.
Short | Information about the dispense
Control | 0..*
Type | Annotation
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
70. MedicationDispense.dosageInstruction
Definition | Indicates how the medication is to be used by the patient.
Short | How the medication is to be used by the patient or administered by the caregiver
Comments | When the dose or rate is intended to change over the entire administration period (e.g. Tapering dose prescriptions), multiple instances of dosage instructions will need to be supplied to convey the different doses/rates. The pharmacist reviews the medication order prior to dispense and updates the dosageInstruction based on the actual product being dispensed.
Control | 0..*
Type | Dosage
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
72. MedicationDispense.substitution
Definition | Indicates whether or not substitution was made as part of the dispense. In some cases, substitution will be expected but does not happen, in other cases substitution is not expected but does happen. This block explains what substitution did or did not happen and why. If nothing is specified, substitution was not done.
Short | Whether a substitution was performed on the dispense
Control | 0..1
Type | BackboneElement
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
74. MedicationDispense.substitution.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
76. MedicationDispense.substitution.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
78. MedicationDispense.substitution.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
80. MedicationDispense.substitution.wasSubstituted
Definition | True if the dispenser dispensed a different drug or product from what was prescribed.
Short | Whether a substitution was or was not performed on the dispense
Control | 1..1
Type | boolean
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
82. MedicationDispense.substitution.type
Definition | A code signifying whether a different drug was dispensed from what was prescribed.
Short | Code signifying whether a different drug was dispensed from what was prescribed
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see ActSubstanceAdminSubstitutionCode (example to `http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-ActSubstanceAdminSubstitutionCode` ) A coded concept describing whether a different medicinal product may be dispensed other than the product as specified exactly in the prescription.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
84. MedicationDispense.substitution.reason
Definition | Indicates the reason for the substitution (or lack of substitution) from what was prescribed.
Short | Why was substitution made
Control | 0..*
Binding | For example codes, see SubstanceAdminSubstitutionReason (example to `http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-SubstanceAdminSubstitutionReason` ) A coded concept describing the reason that a different medication should (or should not) be substituted from what was prescribed.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
86. MedicationDispense.substitution.responsibleParty
Definition | The person or organization that has primary responsibility for the substitution.
Short | Who is responsible for the substitution
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
88. MedicationDispense.detectedIssue
Definition | Indicates an actual or potential clinical issue with or between one or more active or proposed clinical actions for a patient; e.g. drug-drug interaction, duplicate therapy, dosage alert etc.
Short | Clinical issue with action
Comments | This element can include a detected issue that has been identified either by a decision support system or by a clinician and may include information on the steps that were taken to address the issue.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(DetectedIssue)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | Contraindication, Drug Utilization Review (DUR), Alert
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
90. MedicationDispense.eventHistory
Definition | A summary of the events of interest that have occurred, such as when the dispense was verified.
Short | A list of relevant lifecycle events
Comments | This might not include provenances for all versions of the request – only those deemed “relevant” or important. This SHALL NOT include the Provenance associated with this current version of the resource. (If that provenance is deemed to be a “relevant” change, it will need to be added as part of a later update. Until then, it can be queried directly as the Provenance that points to this version using _revinclude All Provenances should have some historical version of this Request as their subject.).
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Provenance)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)