2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids Implementation Guide
2022.1.0 - CI Build
2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids Implementation Guide
2022.1.0 - CI Build
2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids Implementation Guide, published by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 2022.1.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/cqframework/opioid-cds-r4/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions
| Draft as of 2023-05-01 |
<PlanDefinition xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="opioidcds-06"/>
<meta>
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value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/cpg/StructureDefinition/cpg-recommendationdefinition"/>
<profile
value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/cpg/StructureDefinition/cpg-publishableplandefinition"/>
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<text>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<table class="grid dict">
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Id: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">opioidcds-06</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Url: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;"><a href="PlanDefinition-opioidcds-06.html">PlanDefinition - 2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain: Recommendation #6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Version: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">2022.1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Identifier: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">
<p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
<b>value: </b> <span>cdc-opioid-guidance</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Name: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">CDC_opioid_06</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Title: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">PlanDefinition - 2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain: Recommendation #6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Status: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">draft</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Experimental: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Type: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">
<p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
<b>system: </b> <span><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-plan-definition-type.html">http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/plan-definition-type</a></span>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
<b>code: </b> <span>eca-rule</span>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
<b>display: </b> <span>ECA Rule</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Date: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">2023-05-01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Publisher: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Description: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">When opioids are used for acute pain, clinicians should prescribe the lowest effective dose of immediate-release opioids and should prescribe no greater quantity than needed for the expected duration of pain severe enough to require opioids.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a name="effective-data-requirements"> </a><b>Logic Definitions: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSREC06</td>
<td>Get Summary</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Get Summary":
if "Is Recommendation Applicable?"
then 'When Treating Acute Pain, Prescribe No Greater Quantity Than Needed'
else null</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSREC06</td>
<td>Acute Pain Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential Prescriptions</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Acute Pain Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential Prescriptions":
( Common."Is Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential?"( ContextPrescriptions ) ) AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription
where Routines."Is Acute Pain Prescription?"( AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription )
and Routines."Acute Pain Prescription Greater Than 7 Days?"(AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription)</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSREC06</td>
<td>Patient Is Being Prescribed Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential for Acute Pain</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Patient Is Being Prescribed Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential for Acute Pain":
exists( "Acute Pain Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential Prescriptions" )</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSRoutines</td>
<td>Patient Age Less Than 18</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Patient Age Less Than 18":
if (Config."Age Less than 18 Years Is Enabled") then
AgeInYearsAt(Today()) < 18
else
false</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSRoutines</td>
<td>Condition Positive for Sickle Cell</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Condition Positive for Sickle Cell":
if (Config."Sickle Cell Check Enabled") then
exists(
Common."Positive Sickle Cell Condition"
) else
false</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSCommon</td>
<td>US Core-Categorized Conditions</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">// 3. Medications indicating end of life
/* or exists (
"Medications Indicating End of Life"
) */
define "US Core-Categorized Conditions":
[Condition: category in "Encounter Diagnosis Condition Category"]
union [Condition: category in "Problem List Condition Category"]
union [Condition: category in "US Core Health Concern Condition Category"]</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSRoutines</td>
<td>Conditions Indicating End Of Life Present</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Conditions Indicating End Of Life Present":
exists (
Common."US Core-Categorized Conditions" LLEC
where LLEC.code in Common."Limited life expectancy conditions"
and LLEC.clinicalStatus in Common."Active Condition"
)</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSCommon</td>
<td>Service Requests</td>
<td>7</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Service Requests":
[ServiceRequest] SR
return SR</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSRoutines</td>
<td>Palliative Care Lookback Period</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">/*
** Routine #1
** Opioid Review Useful Routine
**
** Definition | Answer to Proceed | Details | Data (Terminology) Requirement
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Age < 18 years? | No | Calculate age from date of birth; exclude | Date of birth
** | | patients with age less than 18 years at the |
** | | time of the prescription |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Evidence of | No | Look for documented findings consistent | Sickle cell disease conditions
** sickle cell disease? | | with those listed in the sickle cell |
** | | value set |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Limited life | No | Look for documented findings consistent | Limited life expectancy conditions
** expectancy conditions | | with those listed in the limited life |
** present? | | expectancy value set (terminal illness, bad |
** | | prognosis, pre-terminal) |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Order for therapies | No | Look for patients with an existing order for | Therapies indicating end of life care
** indicating end of life | | therapies indicating end of life care |
** care in past 90 days? | | written within past 90 days |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Active cancer | No | See sub-routine 3 | See sub-routine 3
** treatment? | | |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Conditions Likely | No | Look for patients with active conditions in | Conditions likely terminal for opioid
** Terminal for opioid | | the value set end-of-life-conditions | prescribing
** prescribing present? | | |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
**
*/
define "Palliative Care Lookback Period":
Interval[Today() - 90 days, Today()]</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSRoutines</td>
<td>Order For Palliative Care In Past 90 Days</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Order For Palliative Care In Past 90 Days":
exists (
Common."Service Requests" SR
where SR.status in { 'active', 'completed'}
and SR.intent in {'proposal', 'plan,', 'directive', 'order', 'original-order', 'reflex-order', 'filler-order', 'instance-order'}
and FHIRHelpers.ToDateTime(SR.authoredOn) during day of "Palliative Care Lookback Period"
and SR.code in Common."Therapies indicating end of life care"
)</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSRoutines</td>
<td>Is Active Cancer Treatment?</td>
<td>10</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Is Active Cancer Treatment?":
if (Config."Active Cancer Treatment Encounters Condition Is Enabled") then
"Has Two or More Encounters with Cancer Diagnosis During Encounter Period"
else
false</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSRoutines</td>
<td>Conditions Including Cancer To Exclude Opioid Management Indicating End-Stage Disease Present</td>
<td>11</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Conditions Including Cancer To Exclude Opioid Management Indicating End-Stage Disease Present":
if (Config."End-Stage Disease Criteria Enabled") then
exists (
Common."US Core-Categorized Conditions" EOLC
where EOLC.code in Common."Conditions likely terminal for opioid prescribing"
and EOLC.clinicalStatus in Common."Active Condition"
)
else
false</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSRoutines</td>
<td>Is Opioid Review Useful?</td>
<td>12</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Is Opioid Review Useful?":
not "Patient Age Less Than 18"
and not "Condition Positive for Sickle Cell"
and not "Conditions Indicating End Of Life Present"
and not "Order For Palliative Care In Past 90 Days"
and not "Is Active Cancer Treatment?"
and not "Conditions Including Cancer To Exclude Opioid Management Indicating End-Stage Disease Present"</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSREC06</td>
<td>Order is for Long-Acting Opioid</td>
<td>13</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Order is for Long-Acting Opioid":
exists (
"Acute Pain Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential Prescriptions" AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription
where AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription.medication in Common."Extended release opioid with ambulatory misuse potential"
or Common.GetDurationInDays( AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription.dispenseRequest.expectedSupplyDuration ) > 7 days
)</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSREC06</td>
<td>Inclusion Criteria</td>
<td>14</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Inclusion Criteria":
"Patient Is Being Prescribed Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential for Acute Pain"
and Routines."Is Opioid Review Useful?"
and "Order is for Long-Acting Opioid"</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSREC06</td>
<td>Exclusion Criteria</td>
<td>15</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Exclusion Criteria":
false</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSREC06</td>
<td>Is Recommendation Applicable?</td>
<td>16</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Is Recommendation Applicable?":
"Inclusion Criteria"
and not "Exclusion Criteria"</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSREC06</td>
<td>Get Detail</td>
<td>17</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Get Detail":
if "Is Recommendation Applicable?"
then 'Consider a shorter duration for opioid therapy
[For guidance regarding prescribing opioids for acute pain see Recommendation 6 of the 2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline](https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/rr/rr7103a1.htm)'
else null</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>Library Name</b></th><th><b>Name</b></th><th><b>sequence</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>OpioidCDSREC06</td>
<td>Get Indicator</td>
<td>18</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre style="max-width: 990px;"><code class="language-cql">define "Get Indicator":
if "Is Recommendation Applicable?"
then 'warning'
else null</code></pre>
<br/><br/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Knowledge Capability: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">
shareable computable executable publishable
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Use Context: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><th><b>code</b></th><th><b>value</b></th><th><b>display</b></th></tr>
<tr>
<td>focus</td>
<td>182888003</td>
<td>Medication requested (situation)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>focus</td>
<td>82423001</td>
<td>Chronic pain (finding)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Purpose: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;"><div><p>The 2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain is intended to improve communication between providers and patients about the risks and benefits of opioid therapy for chronic pain, improve the safety and effectiveness of pain treatment, and reduce the risks associated with long-term opioid therapy, including opioid use disorder and overdose. The Guideline is not intended for patients who are in active cancer treatment, palliative care, or end-of-life care.</p>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Usage: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">When opioids are used for acute pain, clinicians should prescribe the lowest effective dose of immediate-release opioids and should prescribe no greater quantity than needed for the expected duration of pain severe enough to require opioids.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Copyright: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;"><div><p>© CDC 2016+.</p>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Related Artifacts: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">
<p><b>Documentation</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/rr/rr7103a1.htm"> 2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Libraries: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr><td><a href="Library-OpioidCDSREC06.html">Library - Recommendation #6 - Prescribe Lowest Effective Dose and Duration</a></td></tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><b>Actions: </b></th>
<td style="padding-left: 4px;">
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr>
<td>
<b> Current Order is for Opioid With Ambulatory Misuse Potential.:</b> Checking if the trigger prescription meets the inclusion criteria for recommendation #6 workflow.<br/>
<b>When:</b> <i>Named Event:</i> order-sign<br/>
<b>If:</b> <i>Applicability:</i> Check whether the current Order is for Opioid With Ambulatory Misuse Potential. <i>(Is Recommendation Applicable?)</i><br/>
<b>Then:</b>
<table class="grid-dict">
<tr>
<td>
<b> :</b> Document - Will adjust opioid order<br/>
<b>Then:</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<b> :</b> Snooze* - Benefits of opioid therapy duration outweigh risks, snooze 3 months<br/>
<b>Then:</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<b> :</b> Snooze* - N/A see comment, snooze 3 months<br/>
<b>Then:</b>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</text>
<contained>
<Library>
<id value="effective-data-requirements"/>
<status value="active"/>
<type>
<coding>
<system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/library-type"/>
<code value="module-definition"/>
</coding>
</type>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Library Common"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/Library/OpioidCDSCommon|2022.1.0"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Library FHIRHelpers"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/Library/FHIRHelpers|4.0.1"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Library Routines"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/Library/OpioidCDSRoutines|2022.1.0"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display
value="Value set Opioid analgesics with ambulatory misuse potential"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/opioid-analgesics-with-ambulatory-misuse-potential"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Value set Community"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/medicationrequest-category-community"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Value set Encounter Diagnosis Condition Category"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/condition-encounter-diagnosis-category"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Value set Problem List Condition Category"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/condition-problem-list-category"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Value set US Core Health Concern Condition Category"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/condition-us-core-health-concern-category"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Value set Limited life expectancy conditions"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/limited-life-expectancy-conditions"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Value set Active Condition"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/condition-clinical-status-active"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display value="Value set Therapies indicating end of life care"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/therapies-indicating-end-of-life-care"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="depends-on"/>
<display
value="Value set Extended release opioid with ambulatory misuse potential"/>
<resource
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/extended-release-opioid-with-ambulatory-misuse-potential"/>
</relatedArtifact>
<parameter>
<name value="ContextPrescriptions"/>
<use value="in"/>
<min value="0"/>
<max value="*"/>
<type value="MedicationRequest"/>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name value="Get Summary"/>
<use value="out"/>
<min value="0"/>
<max value="1"/>
<type value="string"/>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name value="Is Recommendation Applicable?"/>
<use value="out"/>
<min value="0"/>
<max value="1"/>
<type value="boolean"/>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name value="Get Detail"/>
<use value="out"/>
<min value="0"/>
<max value="1"/>
<type value="string"/>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name value="Get Indicator"/>
<use value="out"/>
<min value="0"/>
<max value="1"/>
<type value="string"/>
</parameter>
<dataRequirement>
<type value="Medication"/>
<profile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Medication"/>
<mustSupport value="id"/>
<codeFilter>
<path value="id"/>
</codeFilter>
</dataRequirement>
<dataRequirement>
<type value="Condition"/>
<profile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Condition"/>
<mustSupport value="category"/>
<codeFilter>
<path value="category"/>
<valueSet
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/condition-encounter-diagnosis-category"/>
</codeFilter>
</dataRequirement>
<dataRequirement>
<type value="Condition"/>
<profile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Condition"/>
<mustSupport value="category"/>
<codeFilter>
<path value="category"/>
<valueSet
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/condition-problem-list-category"/>
</codeFilter>
</dataRequirement>
<dataRequirement>
<type value="Condition"/>
<profile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Condition"/>
<mustSupport value="category"/>
<codeFilter>
<path value="category"/>
<valueSet
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/ValueSet/condition-us-core-health-concern-category"/>
</codeFilter>
</dataRequirement>
<dataRequirement>
<type value="ServiceRequest"/>
<profile
value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ServiceRequest"/>
</dataRequirement>
<dataRequirement>
<type value="ServiceRequest"/>
<profile
value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ServiceRequest"/>
<mustSupport value="status"/>
<mustSupport value="intent"/>
<mustSupport value="authoredOn"/>
<mustSupport value="code"/>
</dataRequirement>
</Library>
</contained>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/cpg/StructureDefinition/cpg-knowledgeCapability">
<valueCode value="shareable"/>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/cpg/StructureDefinition/cpg-knowledgeCapability">
<valueCode value="computable"/>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/cpg/StructureDefinition/cpg-knowledgeCapability">
<valueCode value="executable"/>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/cpg/StructureDefinition/cpg-knowledgeCapability">
<valueCode value="publishable"/>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-softwaresystem">
<valueReference>🔗
<reference value="Device/cqf-tooling"/>
</valueReference>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSREC06"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Get Summary"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Get Summary":
if "Is Recommendation Applicable?"
then 'When Treating Acute Pain, Prescribe No Greater Quantity Than Needed'
else null"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="0"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSREC06"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString
value="Acute Pain Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential Prescriptions"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Acute Pain Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential Prescriptions":
( Common."Is Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential?"( ContextPrescriptions ) ) AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription
where Routines."Is Acute Pain Prescription?"( AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription )
and Routines."Acute Pain Prescription Greater Than 7 Days?"(AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription)"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="1"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSREC06"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString
value="Patient Is Being Prescribed Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential for Acute Pain"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Patient Is Being Prescribed Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential for Acute Pain":
exists( "Acute Pain Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential Prescriptions" )"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="2"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSRoutines"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Patient Age Less Than 18"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Patient Age Less Than 18":
if (Config."Age Less than 18 Years Is Enabled") then
AgeInYearsAt(Today()) < 18
else
false"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="3"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSRoutines"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Condition Positive for Sickle Cell"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Condition Positive for Sickle Cell":
if (Config."Sickle Cell Check Enabled") then
exists(
Common."Positive Sickle Cell Condition"
) else
false"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="4"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSCommon"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="US Core-Categorized Conditions"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="// 3. Medications indicating end of life
/* or exists (
"Medications Indicating End of Life"
) */
define "US Core-Categorized Conditions":
[Condition: category in "Encounter Diagnosis Condition Category"]
union [Condition: category in "Problem List Condition Category"]
union [Condition: category in "US Core Health Concern Condition Category"]"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="5"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSRoutines"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Conditions Indicating End Of Life Present"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Conditions Indicating End Of Life Present":
exists (
Common."US Core-Categorized Conditions" LLEC
where LLEC.code in Common."Limited life expectancy conditions"
and LLEC.clinicalStatus in Common."Active Condition"
)"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="6"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSCommon"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Service Requests"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Service Requests":
[ServiceRequest] SR
return SR"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="7"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSRoutines"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Palliative Care Lookback Period"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="/*
** Routine #1
** Opioid Review Useful Routine
**
** Definition | Answer to Proceed | Details | Data (Terminology) Requirement
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Age < 18 years? | No | Calculate age from date of birth; exclude | Date of birth
** | | patients with age less than 18 years at the |
** | | time of the prescription |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Evidence of | No | Look for documented findings consistent | Sickle cell disease conditions
** sickle cell disease? | | with those listed in the sickle cell |
** | | value set |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Limited life | No | Look for documented findings consistent | Limited life expectancy conditions
** expectancy conditions | | with those listed in the limited life |
** present? | | expectancy value set (terminal illness, bad |
** | | prognosis, pre-terminal) |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Order for therapies | No | Look for patients with an existing order for | Therapies indicating end of life care
** indicating end of life | | therapies indicating end of life care |
** care in past 90 days? | | written within past 90 days |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Active cancer | No | See sub-routine 3 | See sub-routine 3
** treatment? | | |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** Conditions Likely | No | Look for patients with active conditions in | Conditions likely terminal for opioid
** Terminal for opioid | | the value set end-of-life-conditions | prescribing
** prescribing present? | | |
** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
**
*/
define "Palliative Care Lookback Period":
Interval[Today() - 90 days, Today()]"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="8"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSRoutines"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Order For Palliative Care In Past 90 Days"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Order For Palliative Care In Past 90 Days":
exists (
Common."Service Requests" SR
where SR.status in { 'active', 'completed'}
and SR.intent in {'proposal', 'plan,', 'directive', 'order', 'original-order', 'reflex-order', 'filler-order', 'instance-order'}
and FHIRHelpers.ToDateTime(SR.authoredOn) during day of "Palliative Care Lookback Period"
and SR.code in Common."Therapies indicating end of life care"
)"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="9"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSRoutines"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Is Active Cancer Treatment?"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Is Active Cancer Treatment?":
if (Config."Active Cancer Treatment Encounters Condition Is Enabled") then
"Has Two or More Encounters with Cancer Diagnosis During Encounter Period"
else
false"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="10"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSRoutines"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString
value="Conditions Including Cancer To Exclude Opioid Management Indicating End-Stage Disease Present"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Conditions Including Cancer To Exclude Opioid Management Indicating End-Stage Disease Present":
if (Config."End-Stage Disease Criteria Enabled") then
exists (
Common."US Core-Categorized Conditions" EOLC
where EOLC.code in Common."Conditions likely terminal for opioid prescribing"
and EOLC.clinicalStatus in Common."Active Condition"
)
else
false"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="11"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSRoutines"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Is Opioid Review Useful?"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Is Opioid Review Useful?":
not "Patient Age Less Than 18"
and not "Condition Positive for Sickle Cell"
and not "Conditions Indicating End Of Life Present"
and not "Order For Palliative Care In Past 90 Days"
and not "Is Active Cancer Treatment?"
and not "Conditions Including Cancer To Exclude Opioid Management Indicating End-Stage Disease Present""/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="12"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSREC06"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Order is for Long-Acting Opioid"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Order is for Long-Acting Opioid":
exists (
"Acute Pain Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential Prescriptions" AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription
where AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription.medication in Common."Extended release opioid with ambulatory misuse potential"
or Common.GetDurationInDays( AmbulatoryOpioidPrescription.dispenseRequest.expectedSupplyDuration ) > 7 days
)"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="13"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSREC06"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Inclusion Criteria"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Inclusion Criteria":
"Patient Is Being Prescribed Opioid Analgesic with Ambulatory Misuse Potential for Acute Pain"
and Routines."Is Opioid Review Useful?"
and "Order is for Long-Acting Opioid""/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="14"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSREC06"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Exclusion Criteria"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString value="define "Exclusion Criteria":
false"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="15"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSREC06"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Is Recommendation Applicable?"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Is Recommendation Applicable?":
"Inclusion Criteria"
and not "Exclusion Criteria""/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="16"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSREC06"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Get Detail"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Get Detail":
if "Is Recommendation Applicable?"
then 'Consider a shorter duration for opioid therapy
[For guidance regarding prescribing opioids for acute pain see Recommendation 6 of the 2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline](https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/rr/rr7103a1.htm)'
else null"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="17"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
<extension url="libraryName">
<valueString value="OpioidCDSREC06"/>
</extension>
<extension url="name">
<valueString value="Get Indicator"/>
</extension>
<extension url="statement">
<valueString
value="define "Get Indicator":
if "Is Recommendation Applicable?"
then 'warning'
else null"/>
</extension>
<extension url="displaySequence">
<valueInteger value="18"/>
</extension>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/StructureDefinition/effectiveDataRequirements" id="effective-data-requirements">
<valueReference>
<reference value="#effective-data-requirements"/>
</valueReference>
</extension>
<url
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/PlanDefinition/opioidcds-06"/>
<identifier>
<use value="official"/>
<value value="cdc-opioid-guidance"/>
</identifier>
<version value="2022.1.0"/>
<name value="CDC_opioid_06"/>
<title
value="PlanDefinition - 2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain: Recommendation #6"/>
<type>
<coding>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/plan-definition-type"/>
<code value="eca-rule"/>
<display value="ECA Rule"/>
</coding>
</type>
<status value="draft"/>
<experimental value="true"/>
<date value="2023-05-01"/>
<publisher value="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"/>
<contact>
<telecom>
<system value="url"/>
<value value="https://www.cdc.gov"/>
</telecom>
</contact>
<description
value="When opioids are used for acute pain, clinicians should prescribe the lowest effective dose of immediate-release opioids and should prescribe no greater quantity than needed for the expected duration of pain severe enough to require opioids."/>
<useContext>
<code>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type"/>
<code value="focus"/>
<display value="Clinical Focus"/>
</code>
<valueCodeableConcept>
<coding>
<system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/>
<code value="182888003"/>
<display value="Medication requested (situation)"/>
</coding>
</valueCodeableConcept>
</useContext>
<useContext>
<code>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type"/>
<code value="focus"/>
<display value="Clinical Focus"/>
</code>
<valueCodeableConcept>
<coding>
<system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/>
<code value="82423001"/>
<display value="Chronic pain (finding)"/>
</coding>
</valueCodeableConcept>
</useContext>
<purpose
value="The 2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain is intended to improve communication between providers and patients about the risks and benefits of opioid therapy for chronic pain, improve the safety and effectiveness of pain treatment, and reduce the risks associated with long-term opioid therapy, including opioid use disorder and overdose. The Guideline is not intended for patients who are in active cancer treatment, palliative care, or end-of-life care."/>
<usage
value="When opioids are used for acute pain, clinicians should prescribe the lowest effective dose of immediate-release opioids and should prescribe no greater quantity than needed for the expected duration of pain severe enough to require opioids."/>
<copyright value="© CDC 2016+."/>
<topic>
<text value="Opioid Prescribing"/>
</topic>
<author>
<name value="Kensaku Kawamoto, MD, PhD, MHS"/>
</author>
<author>
<name value="Bryn Rhodes"/>
</author>
<author>
<name value="Floyd Eisenberg, MD, MPH"/>
</author>
<author>
<name value="Robert McClure, MD, MPH"/>
</author>
<relatedArtifact>
<type value="documentation"/>
<display
value="2022 CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain"/>
<url value="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/rr/rr7103a1.htm"/>
<document>
<url value="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/rr/rr7103a1.htm"/>
</document>
</relatedArtifact>
<library
value="http://fhir.org/guides/cdc/opioid-cds/Library/OpioidCDSREC06"/>
<action>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/cqf-strengthOfRecommendation">
<valueCodeableConcept>
<coding>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/recommendation-strength"/>
<code value="strong"/>
<display value="Strong"/>
</coding>
</valueCodeableConcept>
</extension>
<extension
url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/cqf-qualityOfEvidence">
<valueCodeableConcept>
<coding>
<system
value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/evidence-quality"/>
<code value="very-low"/>
<display value="Very low quality"/>
</coding>
</valueCodeableConcept>
</extension>
<title
value="Current Order is for Opioid With Ambulatory Misuse Potential."/>
<description
value="Checking if the trigger prescription meets the inclusion criteria for recommendation #6 workflow."/>
<trigger>
<type value="named-event"/>
<name value="order-sign"/>
</trigger>
<condition>
<kind value="applicability"/>
<expression>
<description
value="Check whether the current Order is for Opioid With Ambulatory Misuse Potential."/>
<language value="text/cql.identifier"/>
<expression value="Is Recommendation Applicable?"/>
</expression>
</condition>
<groupingBehavior value="visual-group"/>
<selectionBehavior value="any"/>
<dynamicValue>
<path value="action.title"/>
<expression>
<language value="text/cql.identifier"/>
<expression value="Get Summary"/>
</expression>
</dynamicValue>
<dynamicValue>
<path value="action.description"/>
<expression>
<language value="text/cql.identifier"/>
<expression value="Get Detail"/>
</expression>
</dynamicValue>
<dynamicValue>
<path value="activity.extension"/>
<expression>
<language value="text/cql.identifier"/>
<expression value="Get Indicator"/>
</expression>
</dynamicValue>
<action>
<description value="Document - Will adjust opioid order"/>
</action>
<action>
<description
value="Snooze* - Benefits of opioid therapy duration outweigh risks, snooze 3 months"/>
</action>
<action>
<description value="Snooze* - N/A see comment, snooze 3 months"/>
</action>
</action>
</PlanDefinition>
IG © 2019+ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Package fhir.cdc.opioid-cds-r4#2022.1.0 based on FHIR 4.0.1. Generated 2024-08-29
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