eCQM QICore Content Implementation Guide
2024.0.0 - CI Build
eCQM QICore Content Implementation Guide
2024.0.0 - CI Build
eCQM QICore Content Implementation Guide, published by cqframework. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 2024.0.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/cqframework/ecqm-content-qicore-2024/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions
| Draft as of 2024-07-09 |
{
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"id" : "OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR",
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🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/computable-measure-cqfm"🔗 ,
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"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/executable-measure-cqfm"
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"div" : "<div xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\">\n <table class=\"grid dict\">\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Title: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">Oncology: Medical and Radiation Pain Intensity QuantifiedFHIR</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Id: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Version: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">0.1.000</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Url: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\"><a href=\"Measure-OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR.html\">Oncology: Medical and Radiation Pain Intensity QuantifiedFHIR</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">\n <b>\n \n \n short-name identifier:\n \n \n </b>\n </th>\n\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>CMS157FHIR</span>\n </p>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">\n <b>\n \n \n version-independent identifier:\n \n \n </b>\n </th>\n\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>urn:uuid:b7b487bf-bc27-48c9-994f-6d095ff84500</span>\n </p>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">\n <b>\n \n \n version-specific identifier:\n \n \n </b>\n </th>\n\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>urn:uuid:b64a5fbf-607d-4b2f-bf67-6a80db552b48</span>\n </p>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">\n <b>\n \n \n endorser (CMS Consensus Based Entity) identifier:\n \n \n </b>\n </th>\n\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>0384e</span>\n </p>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">\n <b>\n \n \n publisher (CMS) identifier:\n \n \n </b>\n </th>\n\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>157FHIR</span>\n </p>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Effective Period: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">2025-01-01..2025-12-31</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Status: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">draft</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Publisher: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">American Society of Clinical Oncology</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Author: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">American Society of Clinical Oncology</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Description: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\"><div><p>Percentage of patient visits, regardless of patient age, with a diagnosis of cancer currently receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy in which pain intensity is quantified</p>\n</div></td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Purpose: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\"><div><p>UNKNOWN</p>\n</div></td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Copyright: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\"><div><p>Copyright 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology. All Rights Reserved.</p>\n</div></td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Disclaimer: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\"><div><p>The Measure is not a clinical guideline, does not establish a standard of medical care, and has not been tested for all potential applications.</p>\n<p>The Measure, while copyrighted, can be reproduced and distributed, without modification, for noncommercial purposes, e.g., use by health care providers in connection with their practices. Commercial use is defined as the sale, license, or distribution of the Measure for commercial gain, or incorporation of the Measure into a product or service that is sold, licensed or distributed for commercial gain.</p>\n<p>Commercial uses of the Measure require a license agreement between the user and American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and prior written approval of ASCO. Contact measurement@asco.org for licensing this measure. Neither ASCO nor its members shall be responsible for any use of the Measure.</p>\n<p>The PCPI’s and American Medical Association’s significant past efforts and contributions to the development and updating of the Measures are acknowledged.</p>\n<p>ASCO is solely responsible for the review and enhancement ("Maintenance") of the Measure as of June 2020.</p>\n<p>ASCO encourages the use of the Measure by other health care professionals, where appropriate.</p>\n<p>THE MEASURE AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.</p>\n<p>Limited proprietary coding may be contained in the Measure specifications for convenience. A license agreement must be entered prior to a third party’s use of Current Procedural Terminology (CPT[R]) or other proprietary code set contained in the Measures. Any other use of CPT or other coding by the third party is strictly prohibited. ASCO and its members disclaim all liability for use or accuracy of any CPT or other coding contained in the specifications.</p>\n<p>CPT(R) contained in the Measure specifications is copyright 2004-2023 American Medical Association. LOINC(R) is copyright 2004-2023 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. This material contains SNOMED Clinical Terms(R) (SNOMED CT[R]) copyright 2004-2023 International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. ICD-10 is copyright 2023 World Health Organization. All Rights Reserved.</p>\n<p>Due to technical limitations, registered trademarks are indicated by (R) or [R].</p>\n</div></td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Scoring: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>Proportion </span>\n </p>\n \n \n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Rationale: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\"><div><p>Pain is a commonly occurring symptom for cancer patients as 30% to 50% (510,000 to 850,000 each year based on current statistics) will experience moderate to severe pain (Wiffen, Wee, Derry, Bell, & Moore, 2017). Initial and ongoing pain assessments are essential to determine the pathophysiology of pain and ensure proper pain management. According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN, 2023), undertreatment of pain remains a problem among a significant subset of cancer patients, survival is linked with symptom control and pain management, and pain management contributes to broad quality of life improvement. Furthermore, NCCN notes that formal pain reevaluation is required at each contact to ensure fulfilment of patient goals around comfort, function, and safety. Cancer patients have reported that pain interferes with their mood, work, relationships with other people, sleep and overall enjoyment of life (Moryl et al., 2018). To maximize patient outcomes, pain management is an essential part of oncologic management (NCCN, 2023).</p>\n<p>A recent analysis of registry data for chronic pain cancer patients found average pain intensity reported as mild (24.6% of patients), moderate (41.5%), and severe (33.9%). The study also indicated that patient report of pain relief is inversely related to the average pain intensity reported (Moryl et al., 2018). These data suggest that assessing and managing a cancer patient’s pain is critical and there remains significant room for improvement in assessing and mitigating cancer-related pain. A prospective study of changes in pain severity of cancer patients found that, at initial assessment, 47% of patients reported pain. At follow-up, the patients with pain at initial assessment reported reduced pain (32.2%), stable pain (48.2%) and worse pain (19.6%). Of the 53% of patients reporting no pain at initial assessment, 82.6% reported stable pain and 17.4% reported worse pain at follow-up assessment (Zhao et al., 2014). This study highlights the importance of initial and ongoing assessments of pain to identify gaps and ensure proper pain management.</p>\n</div></td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Clinical recommendation statement: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\"><div><p>-Screen all patients for pain at each contact.</p>\n<p>-Routinely quantify and document pain intensity and quality as characterized by the patient (whenever possible). Include patient reporting of breakthrough pain, treatments used and their impact on pain, satisfaction with pain relief, pain interference, provider assessment of impact on function, and any special issues for the patient relevant to pain treatment. If necessary, get additional information from caregiver regarding pain and impact on function.</p>\n<p>-Perform comprehensive pain assessment if new or worsening pain is present and regularly for persisting pain.</p>\n<p>Various methods and tools exist to assess pain severity. Intensity of pain should be quantified using a numerical rating scale (i.e., 0-10), visual analog scale, categorical scale, or pictorial scale (e.g., The Faces Pain Rating Scale) (Category 2A) (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 2023).</p>\n</div></td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Guidance (Usage): </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each eligible encounter for patients with a diagnosis of cancer who are also currently receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy during the measurement period. \n\nFor patients receiving radiation therapy, pain intensity should be quantified at each radiation treatment management encounter where the patient and physician have a face-to-face or telehealth interaction. Due to the nature of some applicable coding related to radiation therapy (e.g., delivered in multiple fractions), the billing date for certain codes may or may not be the same as the face-to-face or telehealth encounter date. In this instance, for the reporting purposes of this measure, the billing date should be used to pull the appropriate patients into the initial population. It is expected, though, that the numerator criteria would be performed at the time of the actual face-to-face or telehealth encounter during the series of treatments. A lookback (retrospective) period of 7 days, including the billing date, may be used to identify the actual face-to-face or telehealth encounter, which is required to assess the numerator. Therefore, pain intensity should be quantified during the face-to-face or telehealth encounter occurring on the actual billing date or within the 6 days prior to the billing date.\n\nFor patients receiving chemotherapy, pain intensity should be quantified at each face-to-face or telehealth encounter with the physician while the patient is currently receiving chemotherapy. For purposes of identifying eligible encounters, patients "currently receiving chemotherapy" refers to patients administered chemotherapy on the same day as the encounter or during the 30 days before the date of the encounter AND during the 30 days after the date of the encounter. \n\nPain intensity should be quantified using a standard instrument, such as a 0-10 numerical rating scale, visual analog scale, a categorical scale, or pictorial scale. Examples include the Faces Pain Rating Scale and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI).\n\nThis FHIR-based measure has been derived from the QDM-based measure: CMS157v13.\n\nPlease refer to the HL7 QI-Core Implementation Guide (https://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/) for more information on QI-Core and mapping recommendations from QDM to QI-Core 4.1.1 (https://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/qdm-to-qicore.html).</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Population Criteria: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <table class=\"grid-dict\">\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>6511b159da013638e7b3ddda</b></th>\n </tr>\n \n \n <tr>\n <td>Initial Population:</td>\n\n \n \n <td>All patient visits, regardless of patient age, with a diagnosis of cancer currently receiving chemotherapy </td>\n \n \n\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Denominator:</td>\n\n \n \n <td>Equals Initial Population</td>\n \n \n\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Numerator:</td>\n\n \n \n <td>Patient visits in which pain intensity is quantified</td>\n \n \n\n </tr>\n \n \n </table>\n \n <table class=\"grid-dict\">\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>6511b159da013638e7b3dddb</b></th>\n </tr>\n \n \n <tr>\n <td>Initial Population:</td>\n\n \n \n <td>All patient visits, regardless of patient age, with a diagnosis of cancer currently receiving radiation therapy</td>\n \n \n\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Denominator:</td>\n\n \n \n <td>Equals Initial Population</td>\n \n \n\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Numerator:</td>\n\n \n \n <td>Patient visits in which pain intensity is quantified</td>\n \n \n\n </tr>\n \n \n </table>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Libraries: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n <table class=\"grid-dict\">\n \n <tr>\n <td><a href=\"Library-OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR.html\">OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Terminology and Other Dependencies: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <li><code>Library/QICoreCommon|2.1.000</code></li>\n \n <li><code>Library/FHIRHelpers|4.4.000</code></li>\n \n <li><a href=\"http://terminology.hl7.org/5.5.0/CodeSystem-condition-clinical.html\">Condition Clinical Status Codes</a></li>\n \n <li><a href=\"http://terminology.hl7.org/5.5.0/CodeSystem-CPT.html\">Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®)</a></li>\n \n <li><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1026/expansion\">Radiation Treatment Management</a></li>\n \n <li><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1010/expansion\">Cancer</a></li>\n \n <li><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1001/expansion\">Office Visit</a></li>\n \n <li><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1027/expansion\">Chemotherapy Administration</a></li>\n \n <li><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1028/expansion\">Standardized Pain Assessment Tool</a></li>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Parameters:</b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n <table class=\"grid-dict\">\n <tr>\n <th><b>name</b></th>\n <th><b>use</b></th>\n <th><b>min</b></th>\n <th><b>max</b></th>\n <th><b>type</b></th>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Measurement Period</td>\n <td>In</td>\n <td>0</td>\n <td>1</td>\n <td>Period</td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Denominator 2</td>\n <td>Out</td>\n <td>0</td>\n <td>*</td>\n <td>Resource</td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Numerator 1</td>\n <td>Out</td>\n <td>0</td>\n <td>*</td>\n <td>Resource</td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Numerator 2</td>\n <td>Out</td>\n <td>0</td>\n <td>*</td>\n <td>Resource</td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Initial Population 1</td>\n <td>Out</td>\n <td>0</td>\n <td>*</td>\n <td>Resource</td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Initial Population 2</td>\n <td>Out</td>\n <td>0</td>\n <td>*</td>\n <td>Resource</td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Denominator 1</td>\n <td>Out</td>\n <td>0</td>\n <td>*</td>\n <td>Resource</td>\n </tr>\n \n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>DataRequirements:</b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n <table class=\"grid-dict\">\n <tr>\n <th><b>Resource Type</b></th>\n <th><b>Resource Elements</b></th>\n <th><b>Valueset Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Valueset</b></th>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Condition(<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-condition.html\">QICoreCondition</a>)</td>\n <td>\n \n code\n \n </td>\n <td>\n \n \n Cancer\n \n \n </td>\n <td><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1010/expansion\">Cancer</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Encounter(<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html\">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>\n <td>\n \n type\n \n period\n \n status\n \n status.value\n \n </td>\n <td>\n \n \n Radiation Treatment Management\n \n \n </td>\n <td><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1026/expansion\">Radiation Treatment Management</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Encounter(<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html\">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>\n <td>\n \n type\n \n period\n \n status\n \n status.value\n \n </td>\n <td>\n \n \n Office Visit\n \n \n </td>\n <td><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1001/expansion\">Office Visit</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Procedure(<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-procedure.html\">QICoreProcedure</a>)</td>\n <td>\n \n code\n \n performed\n \n status\n \n status.value\n \n </td>\n <td>\n \n \n Chemotherapy Administration\n \n \n </td>\n <td><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1027/expansion\">Chemotherapy Administration</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Procedure(<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-procedure.html\">QICoreProcedure</a>)</td>\n <td>\n \n code\n \n performed\n \n status\n \n status.value\n \n </td>\n <td>\n \n \n Chemotherapy Administration\n \n \n </td>\n <td><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1027/expansion\">Chemotherapy Administration</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Procedure(<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-procedure.html\">QICoreProcedure</a>)</td>\n <td>\n \n code\n \n performed\n \n status\n \n status.value\n \n </td>\n <td>\n \n \n Chemotherapy Administration\n \n \n </td>\n <td><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1027/expansion\">Chemotherapy Administration</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Observation(<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-observation.html\">QICoreObservation</a>)</td>\n <td>\n \n code\n \n value\n \n status\n \n status.value\n \n effective\n \n </td>\n <td>\n \n \n Standardized Pain Assessment Tool\n \n \n </td>\n <td><a href=\"https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1028/expansion\">Standardized Pain Assessment Tool</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Direct Reference Codes:</b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n <table class=\"grid-dict\">\n <tr>\n <th><b>display</b></th>\n <th><b>code</b></th>\n <th><b>system</b></th>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Active</td>\n <td>active</td>\n <td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-condition-clinical.html\">http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/condition-clinical</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Recurrence</td>\n <td>recurrence</td>\n <td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-condition-clinical.html\">http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/condition-clinical</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Relapse</td>\n <td>relapse</td>\n <td><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-condition-clinical.html\">http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/condition-clinical</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td>Radiation treatment management, 5 treatments</td>\n <td>77427</td>\n <td><a href=\"http://terminology.hl7.org/5.5.0/CodeSystem-CPT.html\">http://www.ama-assn.org/go/cpt</a></td>\n </tr>\n \n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Logic Definitions:</b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <table class=\"grid-dict\">\n <tr>\n <th><b>Group</b></th>\n <th><b>Scoring</b></th>\n <th><b>Population Criteria</b></th>\n <th><b>Expression</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td> 6511b159da013638e7b3ddda </td>\n <td colspan=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <b>Group scoring:</b>\n \n <span> proportion </span>\n \n \n\n \n\n \n <b>Measure scoring:</b>\n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>Proportion</span>\n </p>\n \n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n \n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Type: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>Process </span>\n </p>\n \n \n \n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Rate Aggregation: </b></th>\n <td colspan=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">This measure is intended to have one reporting rate, which aggregates the following populations into a single performance rate for reporting purposes: \n- Population 1: Visits for patients with a diagnosis of cancer who are currently receiving chemotherapy \n- Population 2: Visits for patients with a diagnosis of cancer who are currently receiving radiation therapy\n\nFor the purposes of this measure, a single performance rate can be calculated as follows:\nPerformance Rate = (Numerator 1 + Numerator 2)/ (Denominator 1 + Denominator 2)</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Improvement Notation: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n \n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>Increased score indicates improvement </span>\n </p>\n \n \n \n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n </td>\n \n <tr>\n <td/>\n <td/>\n <td>Initial Population</td>\n <td>\n \n <pre><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Initial Population 1":\n "Face to Face or Telehealth Encounter with Ongoing Chemotherapy"</code></pre>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td/>\n <td/>\n <td>Denominator</td>\n <td>\n \n <pre><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Denominator 1":\n "Initial Population 1"</code></pre>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td/>\n <td/>\n <td>Numerator</td>\n <td>\n \n <pre><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Numerator 1":\n "Face to Face or Telehealth Encounter with Ongoing Chemotherapy" FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounterWithChemo\n with "Standard Pain Assessment with Result" PainAssessed\n such that PainAssessed.effective.toInterval ( ) during FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounterWithChemo.period</code></pre>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n \n \n <td> 6511b159da013638e7b3dddb </td>\n <td colspan=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n <b>Group scoring:</b>\n \n <span> proportion </span>\n \n \n\n \n\n \n <b>Measure scoring:</b>\n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>Proportion</span>\n </p>\n \n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n \n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Type: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>Process </span>\n </p>\n \n \n \n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Rate Aggregation: </b></th>\n <td colspan=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">This measure is intended to have one reporting rate, which aggregates the following populations into a single performance rate for reporting purposes: \n- Population 1: Visits for patients with a diagnosis of cancer who are currently receiving chemotherapy \n- Population 2: Visits for patients with a diagnosis of cancer who are currently receiving radiation therapy\n\nFor the purposes of this measure, a single performance rate can be calculated as follows:\nPerformance Rate = (Numerator 1 + Numerator 2)/ (Denominator 1 + Denominator 2)</td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\"><b>Improvement Notation: </b></th>\n <td style=\"padding-left: 4px;\">\n \n \n \n <p style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n <span>increase </span>\n </p>\n \n \n \n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n\n \n\n </td>\n \n <tr>\n <td/>\n <td/>\n <td>Initial Population</td>\n <td>\n \n <pre><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Initial Population 2":\n "Radiation Treatment Management During Measurement Period with Cancer Diagnosis"</code></pre>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td/>\n <td/>\n <td>Denominator</td>\n <td>\n \n <pre><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Denominator 2":\n "Initial Population 2"</code></pre>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <td/>\n <td/>\n <td>Numerator</td>\n <td>\n \n <pre><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Numerator 2":\n "Radiation Treatment Management During Measurement Period with Cancer Diagnosis" RadiationManagementEncounter\n with "Standard Pain Assessment with Result" PainAssessed\n such that case\n when exists ( ( RadiationManagementEncounter.type ) RadiationManagement\n where RadiationManagement ~ "Radiation treatment management, 5 treatments"\n ) then PainAssessed.effective.toInterval ( ) 6 days or less on or before day of start of RadiationManagementEncounter.period \n else PainAssessed.effective.toInterval ( ) during day of RadiationManagementEncounter.period end</code></pre>\n \n </td>\n </tr>\n \n \n \n </tr>\n </table>\n \n\n <table class=\"grid-dict\">\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Radiation Treatment Management During Measurement Period with Cancer Diagnosis</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Radiation Treatment Management During Measurement Period with Cancer Diagnosis":\n ( [Encounter: "Radiation Treatment Management"] ) RadiationTreatmentManagement\n with [Condition: "Cancer"] Cancer\n such that Cancer.isActive ( )\n and Cancer.prevalenceInterval ( ) overlaps RadiationTreatmentManagement.period\n where RadiationTreatmentManagement.period during "Measurement Period"\n and RadiationTreatmentManagement.status = 'finished'</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Initial Population 2</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Initial Population 2":\n "Radiation Treatment Management During Measurement Period with Cancer Diagnosis"</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Denominator 2</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Denominator 2":\n "Initial Population 2"</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Chemotherapy Within 31 Days Prior and During Measurement Period</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Chemotherapy Within 31 Days Prior and During Measurement Period":\n [Procedure: "Chemotherapy Administration"] ChemoAdministration\n where ChemoAdministration.performed.toInterval ( ) during Interval[start of "Measurement Period" - 31 days, end of "Measurement Period"]\n and ChemoAdministration.status = 'completed'</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Face to Face or Telehealth Encounter with Ongoing Chemotherapy</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Face to Face or Telehealth Encounter with Ongoing Chemotherapy":\n from\n [Encounter: "Office Visit"] FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounter,\n "Chemotherapy Within 31 Days Prior and During Measurement Period" ChemoBeforeEncounter,\n "Chemotherapy Within 31 Days Prior and During Measurement Period" ChemoAfterEncounter,\n [Condition: "Cancer"] Cancer\n where Cancer.isActive ( )\n and Cancer.prevalenceInterval ( ) overlaps FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounter.period\n and ChemoBeforeEncounter.performed.toInterval ( ) starts 30 days or less on or before day of end of FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounter.period\n and ChemoAfterEncounter.performed.toInterval ( ) starts 30 days or less on or after day of end of FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounter.period\n and not ( ChemoAfterEncounter.performed.toInterval ( ) same day as ChemoBeforeEncounter.performed.toInterval ( ) )\n and FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounter.period during "Measurement Period"\n and FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounter.status = 'finished'\n return FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounter</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Standard Pain Assessment with Result</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Standard Pain Assessment with Result":\n ["Observation": "Standardized Pain Assessment Tool"] AssessedPain\n where AssessedPain.value is not null\n and AssessedPain.status = 'final'</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Numerator 1</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Numerator 1":\n "Face to Face or Telehealth Encounter with Ongoing Chemotherapy" FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounterWithChemo\n with "Standard Pain Assessment with Result" PainAssessed\n such that PainAssessed.effective.toInterval ( ) during FaceToFaceOrTelehealthEncounterWithChemo.period</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Numerator 2</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Numerator 2":\n "Radiation Treatment Management During Measurement Period with Cancer Diagnosis" RadiationManagementEncounter\n with "Standard Pain Assessment with Result" PainAssessed\n such that case\n when exists ( ( RadiationManagementEncounter.type ) RadiationManagement\n where RadiationManagement ~ "Radiation treatment management, 5 treatments"\n ) then PainAssessed.effective.toInterval ( ) 6 days or less on or before day of start of RadiationManagementEncounter.period \n else PainAssessed.effective.toInterval ( ) during day of RadiationManagementEncounter.period end</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Initial Population 1</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Initial Population 1":\n "Face to Face or Telehealth Encounter with Ongoing Chemotherapy"</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR</td>\n \n \n <td>Denominator 1</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">define "Denominator 1":\n "Initial Population 1"</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>QICoreCommon</td>\n \n \n <td>isActive</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">/* Candidates for FHIRCommon */\n\n/*\n@description: Returns true if the given condition has a clinical status of active, recurrence, or relapse\n*/\ndefine fluent function isActive(condition Condition):\n condition.clinicalStatus ~ "active"\n or condition.clinicalStatus ~ "recurrence"\n or condition.clinicalStatus ~ "relapse"</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>QICoreCommon</td>\n \n \n <td>prevalenceInterval</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">/*\n@description: Returns an interval representing the normalized prevalence period of a given Condition.\n@comment: Uses the ToInterval and ToAbatementInterval functions to determine the widest potential interval from\nonset to abatement as specified in the given Condition. If the condition is active, or has an abatement date the resulting \ninterval will have a closed ending boundary. Otherwise, the resulting interval will have an open ending boundary.\n*/\ndefine fluent function prevalenceInterval(condition Condition):\nif condition.clinicalStatus ~ "active"\n or condition.clinicalStatus ~ "recurrence"\n or condition.clinicalStatus ~ "relapse" then\n Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), end of condition.abatementInterval()]\nelse\n (end of condition.abatementInterval()) abatementDate\n return if abatementDate is null then\n Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate)\n else\n Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate]</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th><b>Library Name</b></th>\n <th><b>Name</b></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td>FHIRHelpers</td>\n \n \n <td>ToConcept</td>\n \n </tr>\n <tr>\n \n <td/>\n <td>\n <pre class=\"highlight language-cql\"><code class=\"language-cql\">/*\n@description: Converts the given FHIR [CodeableConcept](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#CodeableConcept) value to a CQL Concept.\n*/\ndefine function ToConcept(concept FHIR.CodeableConcept):\n if concept is null then\n null\n else\n System.Concept {\n codes: concept.coding C return ToCode(C),\n display: concept.text.value\n }</code></pre>\n </td>\n \n </tr>\n \n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n \n \n \n\n </table>\n</div>"
},
"contained" : [
{
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"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-directReferenceCode",
"valueCoding" : {
"system" : "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/condition-clinical",
"code" : "active",
"display" : "Active"
}
},
{
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"valueCoding" : {
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"code" : "recurrence",
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}
},
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-directReferenceCode",
"valueCoding" : {
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"code" : "relapse",
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}
},
{
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"valueCoding" : {
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"code" : "77427",
"display" : "Radiation treatment management, 5 treatments"
}
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],
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{
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},
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},
{
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{
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"status" : "active",
"type" : {
"coding" : [
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"name" : "OncologyPainIntensityQuantifiedFHIR",
"title" : "Oncology: Medical and Radiation Pain Intensity QuantifiedFHIR",
"status" : "draft",
"experimental" : false,
"date" : "2024-07-09T14:53:57+00:00",
"publisher" : "American Society of Clinical Oncology",
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"description" : "Percentage of patient visits, regardless of patient age, with a diagnosis of cancer currently receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy in which pain intensity is quantified",
"purpose" : "UNKNOWN",
"usage" : "This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each eligible encounter for patients with a diagnosis of cancer who are also currently receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy during the measurement period. \n\nFor patients receiving radiation therapy, pain intensity should be quantified at each radiation treatment management encounter where the patient and physician have a face-to-face or telehealth interaction. Due to the nature of some applicable coding related to radiation therapy (e.g., delivered in multiple fractions), the billing date for certain codes may or may not be the same as the face-to-face or telehealth encounter date. In this instance, for the reporting purposes of this measure, the billing date should be used to pull the appropriate patients into the initial population. It is expected, though, that the numerator criteria would be performed at the time of the actual face-to-face or telehealth encounter during the series of treatments. A lookback (retrospective) period of 7 days, including the billing date, may be used to identify the actual face-to-face or telehealth encounter, which is required to assess the numerator. Therefore, pain intensity should be quantified during the face-to-face or telehealth encounter occurring on the actual billing date or within the 6 days prior to the billing date.\n\nFor patients receiving chemotherapy, pain intensity should be quantified at each face-to-face or telehealth encounter with the physician while the patient is currently receiving chemotherapy. For purposes of identifying eligible encounters, patients \"currently receiving chemotherapy\" refers to patients administered chemotherapy on the same day as the encounter or during the 30 days before the date of the encounter AND during the 30 days after the date of the encounter. \n\nPain intensity should be quantified using a standard instrument, such as a 0-10 numerical rating scale, visual analog scale, a categorical scale, or pictorial scale. Examples include the Faces Pain Rating Scale and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI).\n\nThis FHIR-based measure has been derived from the QDM-based measure: CMS157v13.\n\nPlease refer to the HL7 QI-Core Implementation Guide (https://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/) for more information on QI-Core and mapping recommendations from QDM to QI-Core 4.1.1 (https://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/qdm-to-qicore.html).",
"copyright" : "Copyright 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology. All Rights Reserved.",
"effectivePeriod" : {
"start" : "2025-01-01",
"end" : "2025-12-31"
},
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"name" : "American Society of Clinical Oncology",
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}
],
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],
"disclaimer" : "The Measure is not a clinical guideline, does not establish a standard of medical care, and has not been tested for all potential applications. \n\nThe Measure, while copyrighted, can be reproduced and distributed, without modification, for noncommercial purposes, e.g., use by health care providers in connection with their practices. Commercial use is defined as the sale, license, or distribution of the Measure for commercial gain, or incorporation of the Measure into a product or service that is sold, licensed or distributed for commercial gain. \n\nCommercial uses of the Measure require a license agreement between the user and American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and prior written approval of ASCO. Contact measurement@asco.org for licensing this measure. Neither ASCO nor its members shall be responsible for any use of the Measure.\n\nThe PCPI’s and American Medical Association’s significant past efforts and contributions to the development and updating of the Measures are acknowledged. \n\nASCO is solely responsible for the review and enhancement (\"Maintenance\") of the Measure as of June 2020. \n\nASCO encourages the use of the Measure by other health care professionals, where appropriate. \n\nTHE MEASURE AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED \"AS IS\" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.\n\nLimited proprietary coding may be contained in the Measure specifications for convenience. A license agreement must be entered prior to a third party’s use of Current Procedural Terminology (CPT[R]) or other proprietary code set contained in the Measures. Any other use of CPT or other coding by the third party is strictly prohibited. ASCO and its members disclaim all liability for use or accuracy of any CPT or other coding contained in the specifications. \n\nCPT(R) contained in the Measure specifications is copyright 2004-2023 American Medical Association. LOINC(R) is copyright 2004-2023 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. This material contains SNOMED Clinical Terms(R) (SNOMED CT[R]) copyright 2004-2023 International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. ICD-10 is copyright 2023 World Health Organization. All Rights Reserved.\n\nDue to technical limitations, registered trademarks are indicated by (R) or [R].",
"scoring" : {
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"code" : "proportion",
"display" : "Proportion"
}
]
},
"rationale" : "Pain is a commonly occurring symptom for cancer patients as 30% to 50% (510,000 to 850,000 each year based on current statistics) will experience moderate to severe pain (Wiffen, Wee, Derry, Bell, & Moore, 2017). Initial and ongoing pain assessments are essential to determine the pathophysiology of pain and ensure proper pain management. According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN, 2023), undertreatment of pain remains a problem among a significant subset of cancer patients, survival is linked with symptom control and pain management, and pain management contributes to broad quality of life improvement. Furthermore, NCCN notes that formal pain reevaluation is required at each contact to ensure fulfilment of patient goals around comfort, function, and safety. Cancer patients have reported that pain interferes with their mood, work, relationships with other people, sleep and overall enjoyment of life (Moryl et al., 2018). To maximize patient outcomes, pain management is an essential part of oncologic management (NCCN, 2023). \n\nA recent analysis of registry data for chronic pain cancer patients found average pain intensity reported as mild (24.6% of patients), moderate (41.5%), and severe (33.9%). The study also indicated that patient report of pain relief is inversely related to the average pain intensity reported (Moryl et al., 2018). These data suggest that assessing and managing a cancer patient’s pain is critical and there remains significant room for improvement in assessing and mitigating cancer-related pain. A prospective study of changes in pain severity of cancer patients found that, at initial assessment, 47% of patients reported pain. At follow-up, the patients with pain at initial assessment reported reduced pain (32.2%), stable pain (48.2%) and worse pain (19.6%). Of the 53% of patients reporting no pain at initial assessment, 82.6% reported stable pain and 17.4% reported worse pain at follow-up assessment (Zhao et al., 2014). This study highlights the importance of initial and ongoing assessments of pain to identify gaps and ensure proper pain management.",
"clinicalRecommendationStatement" : "-Screen all patients for pain at each contact. \n\n-Routinely quantify and document pain intensity and quality as characterized by the patient (whenever possible). Include patient reporting of breakthrough pain, treatments used and their impact on pain, satisfaction with pain relief, pain interference, provider assessment of impact on function, and any special issues for the patient relevant to pain treatment. If necessary, get additional information from caregiver regarding pain and impact on function. \n\n-Perform comprehensive pain assessment if new or worsening pain is present and regularly for persisting pain.\n\nVarious methods and tools exist to assess pain severity. Intensity of pain should be quantified using a numerical rating scale (i.e., 0-10), visual analog scale, categorical scale, or pictorial scale (e.g., The Faces Pain Rating Scale) (Category 2A) (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 2023).",
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},
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{
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{
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]
}
IG © 2023+ cqframework. Package gov.healthit.ecqi.ecqms#2024.0.0 based on FHIR 4.0.1. Generated 2024-11-07
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QA Report
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