eCQM QICore Content Implementation Guide
2024.0.0 - CI Build

eCQM QICore Content Implementation Guide, published by cqframework. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 2024.0.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/cqframework/ecqm-content-qicore-2024/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

: Falls: Screening for Future Fall RiskFHIR - XML Representation

Draft as of 2024-07-09

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<Measure xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR"/>
  <meta>
    <profile
             value="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/computable-measure-cqfm"/>
    <profile
             value="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/publishable-measure-cqfm"/>
    <profile
             value="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/executable-measure-cqfm"/>
  </meta>
  <text>
    <status value="extensions"/>
    <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <table class="grid dict">
        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Title: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">Falls: Screening for Future Fall RiskFHIR</td>
            </tr>
        

        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Id: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR</td>
            </tr>
        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Version: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">0.2.001</td>
            </tr>
        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Url: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;"><a href="Measure-FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR.html">Falls: Screening for Future Fall RiskFHIR</a></td>
            </tr>
        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row">
                    <b>
                        
                            
                                short-name identifier:
                            
                        
                    </b>
                </th>

                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                    
                        <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
                            <span>CMS139FHIR</span>
                        </p>
                    
                </td>
            </tr>
        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row">
                    <b>
                        
                            
                                version-independent identifier:
                            
                        
                    </b>
                </th>

                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                    
                        <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
                            <span>urn:uuid:75288fe1-5ba1-4fdc-8052-2e4ae8a8247e</span>
                        </p>
                    
                </td>
            </tr>
        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row">
                    <b>
                        
                            
                                version-specific identifier:
                            
                        
                    </b>
                </th>

                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                    
                        <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
                            <span>urn:uuid:5528e33f-80af-4bf3-9652-6e5fb34b7bc3</span>
                        </p>
                    
                </td>
            </tr>
        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row">
                    <b>
                        
                            
                                publisher (CMS) identifier:
                            
                        
                    </b>
                </th>

                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                    
                        <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
                            <span>139FHIR</span>
                        </p>
                    
                </td>
            </tr>
        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Effective Period: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">2025-01-01..2025-12-31</td>
            </tr>
        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Status: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">draft</td>
            </tr>
        

        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Publisher: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">National Committee for Quality Assurance</td>
            </tr>
        

        
        <tr>
            <th scope="row"><b>Author: </b></th>
            <td style="padding-left: 4px;">American Medical Association (AMA), American Medical Association-convened Physician Consortium for Performance Improvement(R) (AMA-PCPI), National Committee for Quality Assurance</td>
        </tr>
        

        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Description: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;"><div><p>Percentage of patients 65 years of age and older who were screened for future fall risk during the measurement period</p>
</div></td>
            </tr>
        

        

        

        

        

        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Purpose: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;"><div><p>UNKNOWN</p>
</div></td>
            </tr>
        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Copyright: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;"><div><p>This Physician Performance Measure (Measure) and related data specifications are owned by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA). NCQA is not responsible for any use of the Measure. NCQA makes no representations, warranties, or endorsement about the quality of any organization or physician that uses or reports performance measures and NCQA has no liability to anyone who relies on such measures or specifications. NCQA holds a copyright in the Measure. The Measure can be reproduced and distributed, without modification, for noncommercial purposes (e.g., use by healthcare providers in connection with their practices) without obtaining approval from NCQA. Commercial use is defined as the sale, licensing, or distribution of the Measure for commercial gain, or incorporation of the Measure into a product or service that is sold, licensed or distributed for commercial gain. All commercial uses or requests for modification must be approved by NCQA and are subject to a license at the discretion of NCQA. The Physician Consortium for Performance Improvement’s (PCPI) and American Medical Association’s (AMA) significant past efforts and contributions to the development and updating of the measure are acknowledged. (C) 2012-2024 National Committee for Quality Assurance. All Rights Reserved.   Limited proprietary coding is contained in the Measure specifications for user convenience. Users of proprietary code sets should obtain all necessary licenses from the owners of the code sets. NCQA disclaims all liability for use or accuracy of any third-party codes contained in the specifications.   CPT(R) codes, descriptions and other data are copyright 2024. American Medical Association. All rights reserved. CPT is a trademark of the American Medical Association. Fee schedules, relative value units, conversion factors and/or related components are not assigned by the AMA, are not part of CPT, and the AMA is not recommending their use. The AMA does not directly or indirectly practice medicine or dispense medical services. The AMA assumes no liability for data contained or not contained herein.  Some measure specifications contain coding from LOINC(R) (http://loinc.org). The LOINC table, LOINC codes, LOINC panels and form file, LOINC linguistic variants file, LOINC/RSNA Radiology Playbook, and LOINC/IEEE Medical Device Code Mapping Table are copyright 2004-2024 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. and the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) Committee, and are available at no cost under the license at http://loinc.org/terms-of-use.  This material contains SNOMED Clinical Terms(R) (SNOMED CT[R]) copyright 2004-2023 International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation.   ICD-10 copyright 2024 World Health Organization. All Rights Reserved.  Some measures use RxNorm, a standardized nomenclature and coding for clinical drugs and drug delivery devices, which is made publicly available courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. NLM is not responsible for the measures and does not endorse or recommend this or any other product.  “HL7” is the registered trademark of Health Level Seven International.</p>
</div></td>
            </tr>
        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Disclaimer: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;"><div><p>The performance Measure is not a clinical guideline and does not establish a standard of medical care, and has not been tested for all potential applications. THE MEASURE AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED &quot;AS IS&quot; WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.   Due to technical limitations, registered trademarks are indicated by (R) or [R] and unregistered trademarks are indicated by (TM) or [TM].</p>
</div></td>
            </tr>
        

        

        

        

        

        

        

        

        
        <tr>
            <th scope="row"><b>Rationale: </b></th>
            <td style="padding-left: 4px;"><div><p>As the leading cause of both fatal and nonfatal injuries for older adults, falls are one of the most common and significant health issues facing people aged 65 years or older (Schneider, Shubert, &amp; Harmon, 2010). Moreover, the rate of falls increases with age (Dykes et al., 2010). Older adults are five times more likely to be hospitalized for fall-related injuries than any other cause-related injury. It is estimated that one in every four adults over 65 will fall each year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2023). In those over age 80, the rate of falls increases to fifty percent (Doherty et al., 2009). Falls are also associated with substantial cost and resource use, approaching $30,000 per fall hospitalization (Woolcott et al., 2011). Identifying at-risk patients is the most important part of management, as applying preventive measures in this vulnerable population can have a profound effect on public health (al-Aama, 2011). Family physicians have a pivotal role in screening older patients for risk of falls, and applying preventive strategies for patients at risk (al-Aama, 2011).</p>
</div></td>
        </tr>
        

        
        <tr>
            <th scope="row"><b>Clinical recommendation statement: </b></th>
            <td style="padding-left: 4px;"><div><p>All older persons who are under the care of a heath professional (or their caregivers) should be asked at least once a year about falls. (American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatric Society/American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AGS/BGS/AAOS), 2010)  Older persons who present for medical attention because of a fall, report recurrent falls in the past year, or demonstrate abnormalities of gait and/or balance should have a fall evaluation performed. This evaluation should be performed by a clinician with appropriate skills and experience, which may necessitate referral to a specialist (e.g., geriatrician). (AGS/BGS/AAOS, 2010)</p>
</div></td>
        </tr>
        

        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Guidance (Usage): </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">This eCQM is a patient-based measure.  This FHIR-based measure has been derived from the QDM-based measure: CMS139v13.  Please refer to the HL7 QI-Core Implementation Guide (https://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/) for more information on QI-Core and mapping recommendations from QDM to QI-Core 4.1.1 (https://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/qdm-to-qicore.html).</td>
            </tr>
        

        
            
                <tr>
                    <th scope="row"><b>Population Criteria: </b></th>
                    <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                        
                            <table class="grid-dict">
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <th><b>66460d21a7a1805d3b737638</b></th>
                                    </tr>
                                
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>Initial Population:</td>

                                        
                                            
                                                <td>Patients aged 65 years and older at the start of the measurement period with a visit during the measurement period</td>
                                            
                                        

                                    </tr>
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>Denominator:</td>

                                        
                                            
                                                <td>Equals Initial Population</td>
                                            
                                        

                                    </tr>
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>Denominator Exclusion:</td>

                                        
                                            
                                                <td>Exclude patients who are in hospice care for any part of the measurement period</td>
                                            
                                        

                                    </tr>
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>Numerator:</td>

                                        
                                            
                                                <td>Patients who were screened for future fall risk at least once within the measurement period</td>
                                            
                                        

                                    </tr>
                                
                                
                            </table>
                        
                    </td>
                </tr>
            
        

        

        

        

        
            <tr>
                <th scope="row"><b>Libraries: </b></th>
                <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                    <table class="grid-dict">
                        
                            <tr>
                                <td><a href="Library-FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR.html">FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR</a></td>
                            </tr>
                        
                    </table>
                </td>
            </tr>
        

        

        
            
                <tr>
                    <th scope="row"><b>Terminology and Other Dependencies: </b></th>
                    <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                        
                            <li><code>Library/Status|1.8.000</code></li>
                        
                            <li><code>Library/FHIRHelpers|4.4.000</code></li>
                        
                            <li><code>Library/QICoreCommon|2.1.000</code></li>
                        
                            <li><code>Library/Hospice|6.12.000</code></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="http://terminology.hl7.org/5.5.0/CodeSystem-observation-category.html">Observation Category Codes</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-snomedct.html">SNOMED CT (all versions)</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="http://terminology.hl7.org/5.5.0/CodeSystem-v3-loinc.html">Logical Observation Identifiers, Names and Codes (LOINC)</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.118.12.1028/expansion">Falls Screening</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1001/expansion">Office Visit</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1240/expansion">Annual Wellness Visit</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1025/expansion">Preventive Care Services - Established Office Visit, 18 and Up</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1023/expansion">Preventive Care Services-Initial Office Visit, 18 and Up</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1016/expansion">Home Healthcare Services</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1285/expansion">Ophthalmological Services</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1026/expansion">Preventive Care Services-Individual Counseling</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1013/expansion">Discharge Services - Nursing Facility</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1012/expansion">Nursing Facility Visit</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1014/expansion">Care Services in Long-Term Residential Facility</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1066/expansion">Audiology Visit</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1080/expansion">Telephone Visits</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1089/expansion">http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1089</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1022/expansion">Physical Therapy Evaluation</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1011/expansion">Occupational Therapy Evaluation</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.666.5.307/expansion">Encounter Inpatient</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1003/expansion">http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1003</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1584/expansion">Hospice Care Ambulatory</a></li>
                        
                            <li><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1165/expansion">http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1165</a></li>
                        
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th scope="row"><b>Parameters:</b></th>
                    <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                        <table class="grid-dict">
                            <tr>
                                <th><b>name</b></th>
                                <th><b>use</b></th>
                                <th><b>min</b></th>
                                <th><b>max</b></th>
                                <th><b>type</b></th>
                            </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Measurement Period</td>
                                    <td>In</td>
                                    <td>0</td>
                                    <td>1</td>
                                    <td>Period</td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Numerator</td>
                                    <td>Out</td>
                                    <td>0</td>
                                    <td>1</td>
                                    <td>boolean</td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Denominator</td>
                                    <td>Out</td>
                                    <td>0</td>
                                    <td>1</td>
                                    <td>boolean</td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Initial Population</td>
                                    <td>Out</td>
                                    <td>0</td>
                                    <td>1</td>
                                    <td>boolean</td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Denominator Exclusions</td>
                                    <td>Out</td>
                                    <td>0</td>
                                    <td>1</td>
                                    <td>boolean</td>
                                </tr>
                            
                        </table>
                    </td>
                </tr>

                <tr>
                    <th scope="row"><b>DataRequirements:</b></th>
                    <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                        <table class="grid-dict">
                            <tr>
                                <th><b>Resource Type</b></th>
                                <th><b>Resource Elements</b></th>
                                <th><b>Valueset Name</b></th>
                                <th><b>Valueset</b></th>
                            </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Observation(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-observation.html">QICoreObservation</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            code
                                        
                                            effective
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            category
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Falls Screening
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.118.12.1028/expansion">Falls Screening</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Observation(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-observation.html">QICoreObservation</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            code
                                        
                                            value
                                        
                                            effective
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            category
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td/>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Patient(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-patient.html">QICorePatient</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td/>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Office Visit
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1001/expansion">Office Visit</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Annual Wellness Visit
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1240/expansion">Annual Wellness Visit</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Preventive Care Services Established Office Visit, 18 and Up
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1025/expansion">Preventive Care Services - Established Office Visit, 18 and Up</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Preventive Care Services Initial Office Visit, 18 and Up
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1023/expansion">Preventive Care Services-Initial Office Visit, 18 and Up</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Home Healthcare Services
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1016/expansion">Home Healthcare Services</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Ophthalmological Services
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1285/expansion">Ophthalmological Services</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Preventive Care Services Individual Counseling
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1026/expansion">Preventive Care Services-Individual Counseling</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Discharge Services Nursing Facility
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1013/expansion">Discharge Services - Nursing Facility</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Nursing Facility Visit
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1012/expansion">Nursing Facility Visit</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Care Services in Long Term Residential Facility
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1014/expansion">Care Services in Long-Term Residential Facility</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Audiology Visit
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1066/expansion">Audiology Visit</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Telephone Visits
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1080/expansion">Telephone Visits</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Virtual Encounter
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1089/expansion">http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1089</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Physical Therapy Evaluation
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1022/expansion">Physical Therapy Evaluation</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Occupational Therapy Evaluation
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1011/expansion">Occupational Therapy Evaluation</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            hospitalization
                                        
                                            hospitalization.dischargeDisposition
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Encounter Inpatient
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.666.5.307/expansion">Encounter Inpatient</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Encounter(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-encounter.html">QICoreEncounter</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            type
                                        
                                            period
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Hospice Encounter
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1003/expansion">http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1003</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>ServiceRequest(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-servicerequest.html">QICoreServiceRequest</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            code
                                        
                                            authoredOn
                                        
                                            authoredOn.value
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                            intent
                                        
                                            intent.value
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Hospice Care Ambulatory
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1584/expansion">Hospice Care Ambulatory</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Procedure(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-procedure.html">QICoreProcedure</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            code
                                        
                                            performed
                                        
                                            status
                                        
                                            status.value
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Hospice Care Ambulatory
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1584/expansion">Hospice Care Ambulatory</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                                <tr>
                                    <td>Condition(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/StructureDefinition-qicore-condition.html">QICoreCondition</a>)</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            code
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            
                                                 Hospice Diagnosis
                                            
                                        
                                    </td>
                                    <td><a href="https://vsac.nlm.nih.gov/valueset/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1165/expansion">http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1165</a></td>
                                </tr>
                            
                        </table>
                    </td>
                </tr>

                
                    <tr>
                        <th scope="row"><b>Direct Reference Codes:</b></th>
                        <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                            <table class="grid-dict">
                                <tr>
                                    <th><b>display</b></th>
                                    <th><b>code</b></th>
                                    <th><b>system</b></th>
                                </tr>
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>survey</td>
                                        <td>survey</td>
                                        <td><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-observation-category.html">http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category</a></td>
                                    </tr>
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>Discharge to home for hospice care (procedure)</td>
                                        <td>428361000124107</td>
                                        <td><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-snomedct.html">http://snomed.info/sct</a></td>
                                    </tr>
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>Discharge to healthcare facility for hospice care (procedure)</td>
                                        <td>428371000124100</td>
                                        <td><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-snomedct.html">http://snomed.info/sct</a></td>
                                    </tr>
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>Yes (qualifier value)</td>
                                        <td>373066001</td>
                                        <td><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-snomedct.html">http://snomed.info/sct</a></td>
                                    </tr>
                                
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>Hospice care [Minimum Data Set]</td>
                                        <td>45755-6</td>
                                        <td><a href="http://terminology.hl7.org/5.5.0/CodeSystem-v3-loinc.html">http://loinc.org</a></td>
                                    </tr>
                                
                            </table>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                

                
                <tr>
                    <th scope="row"><b>Logic Definitions:</b></th>
                    <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                        
                        <table class="grid-dict">
                            <tr>
                                <th><b>Group</b></th>
                                <th><b>Scoring</b></th>
                                <th><b>Population Criteria</b></th>
                                <th><b>Expression</b></th>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                
                                <td> 66460d21a7a1805d3b737638 </td>
                                <td colspan="3" style="padding-left: 4px;">
                                    
                                        <b>Group scoring:</b>
                                        
                                            <span>  proportion </span>
                                        
                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    
                                        <tr>
                                        
                                            <th scope="row"><b>Type: </b></th>
                                            <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                                                
                                                    
                                                        <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
                                                            <span>Process </span>
                                                        </p>
                                                    
                                                
                                                
                                            </td>
                                        
                                        </tr>
                                    

                                    

                                    
                                    <tr>
                                        <th scope="row"><b>Rate Aggregation: </b></th>
                                        <td colspan="3" style="padding-left: 4px;">None</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    

                                    
                                        <tr>
                                            <th scope="row"><b>Improvement Notation: </b></th>
                                            <td style="padding-left: 4px;">
                                            
                                                
                                                    
                                                        <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
                                                            <span>increase </span>
                                                        </p>
                                                    
                                                
                                                
                                            
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                    

                                    

                                </td>
                                
                                <tr>
                                    <td/>
                                    <td/>
                                    <td>Initial Population</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            <pre><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Initial Population&quot;:
  AgeInYearsAt(date from start of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;) &gt;= 65
    and exists &quot;Qualifying Encounter&quot;</code></pre>
                                        
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                                
                                <tr>
                                    <td/>
                                    <td/>
                                    <td>Denominator</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            <pre><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Denominator&quot;:
  &quot;Initial Population&quot;</code></pre>
                                        
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                                
                                <tr>
                                    <td/>
                                    <td/>
                                    <td>Denominator Exclusion</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            <pre><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Denominator Exclusions&quot;:
  Hospice.&quot;Has Hospice Services&quot;</code></pre>
                                        
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                                
                                <tr>
                                    <td/>
                                    <td/>
                                    <td>Numerator</td>
                                    <td>
                                        
                                            <pre><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Numerator&quot;:
  exists ( ( [&quot;Observation&quot;: &quot;Falls Screening&quot;] ).isAssessmentPerformed ( ) ) FallsScreening
    where FallsScreening.effective.toInterval ( ) during day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;</code></pre>
                                        
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                                
                                
                            
                            </tr>
                        </table>
                

                <table class="grid-dict">
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>Numerator</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Numerator&quot;:
  exists ( ( [&quot;Observation&quot;: &quot;Falls Screening&quot;] ).isAssessmentPerformed ( ) ) FallsScreening
    where FallsScreening.effective.toInterval ( ) during day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>Qualifying Encounter</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Qualifying Encounter&quot;:
  ( ( [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Office Visit&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Annual Wellness Visit&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Preventive Care Services Established Office Visit, 18 and Up&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Preventive Care Services Initial Office Visit, 18 and Up&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Home Healthcare Services&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Ophthalmological Services&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Preventive Care Services Individual Counseling&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Discharge Services Nursing Facility&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Nursing Facility Visit&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Care Services in Long Term Residential Facility&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Audiology Visit&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Telephone Visits&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Virtual Encounter&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Physical Therapy Evaluation&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Occupational Therapy Evaluation&quot;]
  ).isEncounterPerformed ( ) ) ValidEncounter
    where ValidEncounter.period.toInterval ( ) during day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>Initial Population</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Initial Population&quot;:
  AgeInYearsAt(date from start of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;) &gt;= 65
    and exists &quot;Qualifying Encounter&quot;</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>Denominator</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Denominator&quot;:
  &quot;Initial Population&quot;</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>Hospice</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>Has Hospice Services</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Has Hospice Services&quot;:
  exists ((([Encounter: &quot;Encounter Inpatient&quot;]).isEncounterPerformed()) InpatientEncounter
      where (InpatientEncounter.hospitalization.dischargeDisposition ~ &quot;Discharge to home for hospice care (procedure)&quot;
          or InpatientEncounter.hospitalization.dischargeDisposition ~ &quot;Discharge to healthcare facility for hospice care (procedure)&quot;
      )
        and InpatientEncounter.period.toInterval() ends during day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
  )
    or exists ((([Encounter: &quot;Hospice Encounter&quot;]).isEncounterPerformed()) HospiceEncounter
        where HospiceEncounter.period.toInterval() overlaps day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
    )
    or exists ((([Observation: &quot;Hospice care [Minimum Data Set]&quot;]).isAssessmentPerformed()) HospiceAssessment
        where HospiceAssessment.value ~ &quot;Yes (qualifier value)&quot;
          and HospiceAssessment.effective.toInterval() overlaps day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
    )
    or exists ((([ServiceRequest: &quot;Hospice Care Ambulatory&quot;]).isInterventionOrder()) HospiceOrder
        where HospiceOrder.authoredOn.toInterval() during day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
        // and HospiceOrder.doNotPerform is not true
        // https://oncprojectracking.healthit.gov/support/browse/CQLIT-447
    )
    or exists ((([Procedure: &quot;Hospice Care Ambulatory&quot;]).isInterventionPerformed()) HospicePerformed
        where HospicePerformed.performed.toInterval() overlaps day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
    )
    or exists (([Condition: &quot;Hospice Diagnosis&quot;]) HospiceCareDiagnosis
        where HospiceCareDiagnosis.prevalenceInterval() overlaps day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
    )</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>Denominator Exclusions</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">define &quot;Denominator Exclusions&quot;:
  Hospice.&quot;Has Hospice Services&quot;</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>Status</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>isAssessmentPerformed</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">//This library contains functions that are based on QDM 5.6 to QICore 4.1.1 March 2023 (https://github.com/cqframework/CQL-Formatting-and-Usage-Wiki/wiki/Authoring-Patterns---QICore-v4.1.1). The functions may appear similar to some QICoreCommon functions but different in that they have constraints that are relevant for measures authored by NCQA.

//Assessment, Performed
define fluent function isAssessmentPerformed(Obs List&lt;Observation&gt;):
  Obs O
    where O.status in { 'final', 'amended', 'corrected' }
          and exists ( O.category ObservationCategory
          where ( ObservationCategory ) ~ &quot;survey&quot;
      )</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>FHIRHelpers</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>ToConcept</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">/*
@description: Converts the given FHIR [CodeableConcept](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#CodeableConcept) value to a CQL Concept.
*/
define function ToConcept(concept FHIR.CodeableConcept):
    if concept is null then
        null
    else
        System.Concept {
            codes: concept.coding C return ToCode(C),
            display: concept.text.value
        }</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>Status</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>isEncounterPerformed</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">//Encounter, Performed
//General usage unless required otherwise by measure intent (e.g., follow-up encounters)
define fluent function isEncounterPerformed(Enc List&lt;Encounter&gt;):
  Enc E
    where E.status in {'finished', 'arrived', 'triaged', 'in-progress', 'onleave'}</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>QICoreCommon</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>toInterval</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">/*
@description: Normalizes a value that is a choice of timing-valued types to an equivalent interval
@comment: Normalizes a choice type of DateTime, Quanitty, Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;, or Interval&lt;Quantity&gt; types
to an equivalent interval. This selection of choice types is a superset of the majority of choice types that are used as possible
representations for timing-valued elements in QICore, allowing this function to be used across any resource.
The input can be provided as a DateTime, Quantity, Interval&lt;DateTime&gt; or Interval&lt;Quantity&gt;.
The intent of this function is to provide a clear and concise mechanism to treat single
elements that have multiple possible representations as intervals so that logic doesn't have to account
for the variability. More complex calculations (such as medication request period or dispense period
calculation) need specific guidance and consideration. That guidance may make use of this function, but
the focus of this function is on single element calculations where the semantics are unambiguous.
If the input is a DateTime, the result a DateTime Interval beginning and ending on that DateTime.
If the input is a Quantity, the quantity is expected to be a calendar-duration interpreted as an Age,
and the result is a DateTime Interval beginning on the Date the patient turned that age and ending immediately before one year later.
If the input is a DateTime Interval, the result is the input.
If the input is a Quantity Interval, the quantities are expected to be calendar-durations interpreted as an Age, and the result
is a DateTime Interval beginning on the date the patient turned the age given as the start of the quantity interval, and ending
immediately before one year later than the date the patient turned the age given as the end of the quantity interval.
If the input is a Timing, an error will be thrown indicating that Timing calculations are not implemented. Any other input will reslt in a null DateTime Interval
*/
define fluent function toInterval(choice Choice&lt;DateTime, Quantity, Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;, Interval&lt;Quantity&gt;, Timing&gt;):
  case
	  when choice is DateTime then
    	Interval[choice as DateTime, choice as DateTime]
		when choice is Interval&lt;DateTime&gt; then
  		choice as Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;
		when choice is Quantity then
		  Interval[Patient.birthDate + (choice as Quantity),
			  Patient.birthDate + (choice as Quantity) + 1 year)
		when choice is Interval&lt;Quantity&gt; then
		  Interval[Patient.birthDate + (choice.low as Quantity),
			  Patient.birthDate + (choice.high as Quantity) + 1 year)
		when choice is Timing then
      Message(null, true, 'NOT_IMPLEMENTED', 'Error', 'Calculation of an interval from a Timing value is not supported') as Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;
		else
			null as Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;
	end</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>Status</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>isInterventionOrder</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">//Intervention, Order: active and completed only    
define fluent function isInterventionOrder(ServiceRequest List&lt;ServiceRequest&gt;):
  ServiceRequest S
    where S.status in { 'active', 'completed' }
      and S.intent = 'order'</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>Status</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>isInterventionPerformed</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">//Intervention, Performed
define fluent function isInterventionPerformed(Proc List&lt;Procedure&gt;):
  Proc P
    where P.status ~ 'completed'</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                        <tr>
                            <th><b>Library Name</b></th>
                            <th><b>Name</b></th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td>QICoreCommon</td>
                            
                            
                                <td>prevalenceInterval</td>
                            
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            
                                <td/>
                                <td>
                                    <pre class="highlight language-cql"><code class="language-cql">/*
@description: Returns an interval representing the normalized prevalence period of a given Condition.
@comment: Uses the ToInterval and ToAbatementInterval functions to determine the widest potential interval from
onset to abatement as specified in the given Condition. If the condition is active, or has an abatement date the resulting 
interval will have a closed ending boundary. Otherwise, the resulting interval will have an open ending boundary.
*/
define fluent function prevalenceInterval(condition Condition):
if condition.clinicalStatus ~ &quot;active&quot;
  or condition.clinicalStatus ~ &quot;recurrence&quot;
  or condition.clinicalStatus ~ &quot;relapse&quot; then
  Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), end of condition.abatementInterval()]
else
    (end of condition.abatementInterval()) abatementDate
    return if abatementDate is null then
      Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate)
    else
      Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate]</code></pre>
                                </td>
                            
                        </tr>
                    
                    </table>
                </td>
            </tr>
            
        
    

    </table>
</div>
  </text>
  <contained>
    <Library>
      <id value="effective-data-requirements"/>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-directReferenceCode">
        <valueCoding>
          <system
                  value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category"/>
          <code value="survey"/>
          <display value="survey"/>
        </valueCoding>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-directReferenceCode">
        <valueCoding>
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/>
          <code value="428361000124107"/>
          <display value="Discharge to home for hospice care (procedure)"/>
        </valueCoding>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-directReferenceCode">
        <valueCoding>
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/>
          <code value="428371000124100"/>
          <display
                   value="Discharge to healthcare facility for hospice care (procedure)"/>
        </valueCoding>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-directReferenceCode">
        <valueCoding>
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/>
          <code value="373066001"/>
          <display value="Yes (qualifier value)"/>
        </valueCoding>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-directReferenceCode">
        <valueCoding>
          <system value="http://loinc.org"/>
          <code value="45755-6"/>
          <display value="Hospice care [Minimum Data Set]"/>
        </valueCoding>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="Numerator"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="define &quot;Numerator&quot;:
  exists ( ( [&quot;Observation&quot;: &quot;Falls Screening&quot;] ).isAssessmentPerformed ( ) ) FallsScreening
    where FallsScreening.effective.toInterval ( ) during day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="0"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="Qualifying Encounter"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="define &quot;Qualifying Encounter&quot;:
  ( ( [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Office Visit&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Annual Wellness Visit&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Preventive Care Services Established Office Visit, 18 and Up&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Preventive Care Services Initial Office Visit, 18 and Up&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Home Healthcare Services&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Ophthalmological Services&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Preventive Care Services Individual Counseling&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Discharge Services Nursing Facility&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Nursing Facility Visit&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Care Services in Long Term Residential Facility&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Audiology Visit&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Telephone Visits&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Virtual Encounter&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Physical Therapy Evaluation&quot;]
      union [&quot;Encounter&quot;: &quot;Occupational Therapy Evaluation&quot;]
  ).isEncounterPerformed ( ) ) ValidEncounter
    where ValidEncounter.period.toInterval ( ) during day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="1"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="Initial Population"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="define &quot;Initial Population&quot;:
  AgeInYearsAt(date from start of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;) &gt;= 65
    and exists &quot;Qualifying Encounter&quot;"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="2"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="Denominator"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="define &quot;Denominator&quot;:
  &quot;Initial Population&quot;"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="3"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="Hospice"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="Has Hospice Services"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="define &quot;Has Hospice Services&quot;:
  exists ((([Encounter: &quot;Encounter Inpatient&quot;]).isEncounterPerformed()) InpatientEncounter
      where (InpatientEncounter.hospitalization.dischargeDisposition ~ &quot;Discharge to home for hospice care (procedure)&quot;
          or InpatientEncounter.hospitalization.dischargeDisposition ~ &quot;Discharge to healthcare facility for hospice care (procedure)&quot;
      )
        and InpatientEncounter.period.toInterval() ends during day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
  )
    or exists ((([Encounter: &quot;Hospice Encounter&quot;]).isEncounterPerformed()) HospiceEncounter
        where HospiceEncounter.period.toInterval() overlaps day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
    )
    or exists ((([Observation: &quot;Hospice care [Minimum Data Set]&quot;]).isAssessmentPerformed()) HospiceAssessment
        where HospiceAssessment.value ~ &quot;Yes (qualifier value)&quot;
          and HospiceAssessment.effective.toInterval() overlaps day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
    )
    or exists ((([ServiceRequest: &quot;Hospice Care Ambulatory&quot;]).isInterventionOrder()) HospiceOrder
        where HospiceOrder.authoredOn.toInterval() during day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
        // and HospiceOrder.doNotPerform is not true
        // https://oncprojectracking.healthit.gov/support/browse/CQLIT-447
    )
    or exists ((([Procedure: &quot;Hospice Care Ambulatory&quot;]).isInterventionPerformed()) HospicePerformed
        where HospicePerformed.performed.toInterval() overlaps day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
    )
    or exists (([Condition: &quot;Hospice Diagnosis&quot;]) HospiceCareDiagnosis
        where HospiceCareDiagnosis.prevalenceInterval() overlaps day of &quot;Measurement Period&quot;
    )"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="4"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="Denominator Exclusions"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="define &quot;Denominator Exclusions&quot;:
  Hospice.&quot;Has Hospice Services&quot;"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="5"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="Status"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="isAssessmentPerformed"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="//This library contains functions that are based on QDM 5.6 to QICore 4.1.1 March 2023 (https://github.com/cqframework/CQL-Formatting-and-Usage-Wiki/wiki/Authoring-Patterns---QICore-v4.1.1). The functions may appear similar to some QICoreCommon functions but different in that they have constraints that are relevant for measures authored by NCQA.

//Assessment, Performed
define fluent function isAssessmentPerformed(Obs List&lt;Observation&gt;):
  Obs O
    where O.status in { 'final', 'amended', 'corrected' }
          and exists ( O.category ObservationCategory
          where ( ObservationCategory ) ~ &quot;survey&quot;
      )"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="6"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="FHIRHelpers"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="ToConcept"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="/*
@description: Converts the given FHIR [CodeableConcept](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#CodeableConcept) value to a CQL Concept.
*/
define function ToConcept(concept FHIR.CodeableConcept):
    if concept is null then
        null
    else
        System.Concept {
            codes: concept.coding C return ToCode(C),
            display: concept.text.value
        }"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="7"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="Status"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="isEncounterPerformed"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="//Encounter, Performed
//General usage unless required otherwise by measure intent (e.g., follow-up encounters)
define fluent function isEncounterPerformed(Enc List&lt;Encounter&gt;):
  Enc E
    where E.status in {'finished', 'arrived', 'triaged', 'in-progress', 'onleave'}"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="8"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="QICoreCommon"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="toInterval"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="/*
@description: Normalizes a value that is a choice of timing-valued types to an equivalent interval
@comment: Normalizes a choice type of DateTime, Quanitty, Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;, or Interval&lt;Quantity&gt; types
to an equivalent interval. This selection of choice types is a superset of the majority of choice types that are used as possible
representations for timing-valued elements in QICore, allowing this function to be used across any resource.
The input can be provided as a DateTime, Quantity, Interval&lt;DateTime&gt; or Interval&lt;Quantity&gt;.
The intent of this function is to provide a clear and concise mechanism to treat single
elements that have multiple possible representations as intervals so that logic doesn't have to account
for the variability. More complex calculations (such as medication request period or dispense period
calculation) need specific guidance and consideration. That guidance may make use of this function, but
the focus of this function is on single element calculations where the semantics are unambiguous.
If the input is a DateTime, the result a DateTime Interval beginning and ending on that DateTime.
If the input is a Quantity, the quantity is expected to be a calendar-duration interpreted as an Age,
and the result is a DateTime Interval beginning on the Date the patient turned that age and ending immediately before one year later.
If the input is a DateTime Interval, the result is the input.
If the input is a Quantity Interval, the quantities are expected to be calendar-durations interpreted as an Age, and the result
is a DateTime Interval beginning on the date the patient turned the age given as the start of the quantity interval, and ending
immediately before one year later than the date the patient turned the age given as the end of the quantity interval.
If the input is a Timing, an error will be thrown indicating that Timing calculations are not implemented. Any other input will reslt in a null DateTime Interval
*/
define fluent function toInterval(choice Choice&lt;DateTime, Quantity, Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;, Interval&lt;Quantity&gt;, Timing&gt;):
  case
	  when choice is DateTime then
    	Interval[choice as DateTime, choice as DateTime]
		when choice is Interval&lt;DateTime&gt; then
  		choice as Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;
		when choice is Quantity then
		  Interval[Patient.birthDate + (choice as Quantity),
			  Patient.birthDate + (choice as Quantity) + 1 year)
		when choice is Interval&lt;Quantity&gt; then
		  Interval[Patient.birthDate + (choice.low as Quantity),
			  Patient.birthDate + (choice.high as Quantity) + 1 year)
		when choice is Timing then
      Message(null, true, 'NOT_IMPLEMENTED', 'Error', 'Calculation of an interval from a Timing value is not supported') as Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;
		else
			null as Interval&lt;DateTime&gt;
	end"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="9"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="Status"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="isInterventionOrder"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="//Intervention, Order: active and completed only    
define fluent function isInterventionOrder(ServiceRequest List&lt;ServiceRequest&gt;):
  ServiceRequest S
    where S.status in { 'active', 'completed' }
      and S.intent = 'order'"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="10"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="Status"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="isInterventionPerformed"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="//Intervention, Performed
define fluent function isInterventionPerformed(Proc List&lt;Procedure&gt;):
  Proc P
    where P.status ~ 'completed'"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="11"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-logicDefinition">
        <extension url="libraryName">
          <valueString value="QICoreCommon"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="name">
          <valueString value="prevalenceInterval"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="statement">
          <valueString
                       value="/*
@description: Returns an interval representing the normalized prevalence period of a given Condition.
@comment: Uses the ToInterval and ToAbatementInterval functions to determine the widest potential interval from
onset to abatement as specified in the given Condition. If the condition is active, or has an abatement date the resulting 
interval will have a closed ending boundary. Otherwise, the resulting interval will have an open ending boundary.
*/
define fluent function prevalenceInterval(condition Condition):
if condition.clinicalStatus ~ &quot;active&quot;
  or condition.clinicalStatus ~ &quot;recurrence&quot;
  or condition.clinicalStatus ~ &quot;relapse&quot; then
  Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), end of condition.abatementInterval()]
else
    (end of condition.abatementInterval()) abatementDate
    return if abatementDate is null then
      Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate)
    else
      Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate]"/>
        </extension>
        <extension url="displaySequence">
          <valueInteger value="12"/>
        </extension>
      </extension>
      <name value="EffectiveDataRequirements"/>
      <status value="active"/>
      <type>
        <coding>
          <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/library-type"/>
          <code value="module-definition"/>
        </coding>
      </type>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Library Status"/>
        <resource value="Library/Status|1.8.000"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Library FHIRHelpers"/>
        <resource value="Library/FHIRHelpers|4.4.000"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Library QICoreCommon"/>
        <resource value="Library/QICoreCommon|2.1.000"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Library Hospice"/>
        <resource value="Library/Hospice|6.12.000"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Code system ObservationCategoryCodes"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Code system SNOMEDCT"/>
        <resource value="http://snomed.info/sct"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Code system LOINC"/>
        <resource value="http://loinc.org"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Value set Falls Screening"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.118.12.1028"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Value set Office Visit"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1001"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Value set Annual Wellness Visit"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1240"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display
                 value="Value set Preventive Care Services Established Office Visit, 18 and Up"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1025"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display
                 value="Value set Preventive Care Services Initial Office Visit, 18 and Up"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1023"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Value set Home Healthcare Services"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1016"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Value set Ophthalmological Services"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1285"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display
                 value="Value set Preventive Care Services Individual Counseling"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1026"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Value set Discharge Services Nursing Facility"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1013"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display value="Value set Nursing Facility Visit"/>
        <resource
                  value="http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1012"/>
      </relatedArtifact>
      <relatedArtifact>
        <type value="depends-on"/>
        <display
                 value="Value set Care Services in Long Term Residential Facility"/>
        <resource
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                 value="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/StructureDefinition/qicore-procedure"/>
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    </Library>
  </contained>
  <extension
             url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-effectiveDataRequirements" id="effective-data-requirements">
    <valueReference>
      <reference value="#effective-data-requirements"/>
    </valueReference>
  </extension>
  <extension
             url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-softwaresystem">
    <valueReference>
      <reference value="Device/cqf-tooling"/>
    </valueReference>
  </extension>
  <url
       value="https://madie.cms.gov/Measure/FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR"/>
  <identifier>
    <use value="usual"/>
    <type>
      <coding>
        <system
                value="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/CodeSystem/identifier-type"/>
        <code value="short-name"/>
      </coding>
    </type>
    <system value="https://madie.cms.gov/measure/shortName"/>
    <value value="CMS139FHIR"/>
  </identifier>
  <identifier>
    <use value="official"/>
    <type>
      <coding>
        <system
                value="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/CodeSystem/identifier-type"/>
        <code value="version-independent"/>
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    <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/>
    <value value="urn:uuid:75288fe1-5ba1-4fdc-8052-2e4ae8a8247e"/>
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  <identifier>
    <use value="official"/>
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                value="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/CodeSystem/identifier-type"/>
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    <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/>
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  <identifier>
    <use value="official"/>
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      <coding>
        <system
                value="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/CodeSystem/identifier-type"/>
        <code value="publisher"/>
      </coding>
    </type>
    <system value="https://madie.cms.gov/measure/cmsId"/>
    <value value="139FHIR"/>
    <assigner>
      <display value="CMS"/>
    </assigner>
  </identifier>
  <version value="0.2.001"/>
  <name value="FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR"/>
  <title value="Falls: Screening for Future Fall RiskFHIR"/>
  <status value="draft"/>
  <experimental value="false"/>
  <date value="2024-07-09T14:53:55+00:00"/>
  <publisher value="National Committee for Quality Assurance"/>
  <contact>
    <telecom>
      <system value="url"/>
      <value value="https://www.ncqa.org/"/>
    </telecom>
  </contact>
  <description
               value="Percentage of patients 65 years of age and older who were screened for future fall risk during the measurement period"/>
  <purpose value="UNKNOWN"/>
  <usage
         value="This eCQM is a patient-based measure.  This FHIR-based measure has been derived from the QDM-based measure: CMS139v13.  Please refer to the HL7 QI-Core Implementation Guide (https://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/) for more information on QI-Core and mapping recommendations from QDM to QI-Core 4.1.1 (https://hl7.org/fhir/us/qicore/STU4.1.1/qdm-to-qicore.html)."/>
  <copyright
             value="This Physician Performance Measure (Measure) and related data specifications are owned by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA). NCQA is not responsible for any use of the Measure. NCQA makes no representations, warranties, or endorsement about the quality of any organization or physician that uses or reports performance measures and NCQA has no liability to anyone who relies on such measures or specifications. NCQA holds a copyright in the Measure. The Measure can be reproduced and distributed, without modification, for noncommercial purposes (e.g., use by healthcare providers in connection with their practices) without obtaining approval from NCQA. Commercial use is defined as the sale, licensing, or distribution of the Measure for commercial gain, or incorporation of the Measure into a product or service that is sold, licensed or distributed for commercial gain. All commercial uses or requests for modification must be approved by NCQA and are subject to a license at the discretion of NCQA. The Physician Consortium for Performance Improvement’s (PCPI) and American Medical Association’s (AMA) significant past efforts and contributions to the development and updating of the measure are acknowledged. (C) 2012-2024 National Committee for Quality Assurance. All Rights Reserved.   Limited proprietary coding is contained in the Measure specifications for user convenience. Users of proprietary code sets should obtain all necessary licenses from the owners of the code sets. NCQA disclaims all liability for use or accuracy of any third-party codes contained in the specifications.   CPT(R) codes, descriptions and other data are copyright 2024. American Medical Association. All rights reserved. CPT is a trademark of the American Medical Association. Fee schedules, relative value units, conversion factors and/or related components are not assigned by the AMA, are not part of CPT, and the AMA is not recommending their use. The AMA does not directly or indirectly practice medicine or dispense medical services. The AMA assumes no liability for data contained or not contained herein.  Some measure specifications contain coding from LOINC(R) (http://loinc.org). The LOINC table, LOINC codes, LOINC panels and form file, LOINC linguistic variants file, LOINC/RSNA Radiology Playbook, and LOINC/IEEE Medical Device Code Mapping Table are copyright 2004-2024 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. and the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) Committee, and are available at no cost under the license at http://loinc.org/terms-of-use.  This material contains SNOMED Clinical Terms(R) (SNOMED CT[R]) copyright 2004-2023 International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation.   ICD-10 copyright 2024 World Health Organization. All Rights Reserved.  Some measures use RxNorm, a standardized nomenclature and coding for clinical drugs and drug delivery devices, which is made publicly available courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. NLM is not responsible for the measures and does not endorse or recommend this or any other product.  “HL7” is the registered trademark of Health Level Seven International."/>
  <effectivePeriod>
    <start value="2025-01-01"/>
    <end value="2025-12-31"/>
  </effectivePeriod>
  <author>
    <name value="American Medical Association (AMA)"/>
    <telecom>
      <system value="url"/>
      <value value="https://www.ama-assn.org/"/>
    </telecom>
  </author>
  <author>
    <name
          value="American Medical Association-convened Physician Consortium for Performance Improvement(R) (AMA-PCPI)"/>
    <telecom>
      <system value="url"/>
      <value value="https://www.ama-assn.org/"/>
    </telecom>
  </author>
  <author>
    <name value="National Committee for Quality Assurance"/>
    <telecom>
      <system value="url"/>
      <value value="https://www.ncqa.org/"/>
    </telecom>
  </author>
  <library
           value="https://madie.cms.gov/Library/FallsScreeningForFutureFallRiskFHIR"/>
  <disclaimer
              value="The performance Measure is not a clinical guideline and does not establish a standard of medical care, and has not been tested for all potential applications. THE MEASURE AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED &quot;AS IS&quot; WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.   Due to technical limitations, registered trademarks are indicated by (R) or [R] and unregistered trademarks are indicated by (TM) or [TM]."/>
  <rationale
             value="As the leading cause of both fatal and nonfatal injuries for older adults, falls are one of the most common and significant health issues facing people aged 65 years or older (Schneider, Shubert, &amp; Harmon, 2010). Moreover, the rate of falls increases with age (Dykes et al., 2010). Older adults are five times more likely to be hospitalized for fall-related injuries than any other cause-related injury. It is estimated that one in every four adults over 65 will fall each year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2023). In those over age 80, the rate of falls increases to fifty percent (Doherty et al., 2009). Falls are also associated with substantial cost and resource use, approaching $30,000 per fall hospitalization (Woolcott et al., 2011). Identifying at-risk patients is the most important part of management, as applying preventive measures in this vulnerable population can have a profound effect on public health (al-Aama, 2011). Family physicians have a pivotal role in screening older patients for risk of falls, and applying preventive strategies for patients at risk (al-Aama, 2011)."/>
  <clinicalRecommendationStatement
                                   value="All older persons who are under the care of a heath professional (or their caregivers) should be asked at least once a year about falls. (American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatric Society/American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AGS/BGS/AAOS), 2010)  Older persons who present for medical attention because of a fall, report recurrent falls in the past year, or demonstrate abnormalities of gait and/or balance should have a fall evaluation performed. This evaluation should be performed by a clinician with appropriate skills and experience, which may necessitate referral to a specialist (e.g., geriatrician). (AGS/BGS/AAOS, 2010)"/>
  <group id="66460d21a7a1805d3b737638">
    <extension
               url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-scoring">
      <valueCodeableConcept>
        <coding>
          <system
                  value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-scoring"/>
          <code value="proportion"/>
          <display value="Proportion"/>
        </coding>
      </valueCodeableConcept>
    </extension>
    <extension
               url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-populationBasis">
      <valueCode value="boolean"/>
    </extension>
    <extension
               url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-type">
      <valueCodeableConcept>
        <coding>
          <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-type"/>
          <code value="process"/>
          <display value="Process"/>
        </coding>
      </valueCodeableConcept>
    </extension>
    <extension
               url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-rateAggregation">
      <valueCode value="None"/>
    </extension>
    <extension
               url="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/cqfmeasures/StructureDefinition/cqfm-improvementNotation">
      <valueCodeableConcept>
        <coding>
          <system
                  value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-improvement-notation"/>
          <code value="decrease"/>
          <display value="increase"/>
        </coding>
      </valueCodeableConcept>
    </extension>
    <population id="2D808FE0-EB48-4C22-AE0B-30D8366063DE">
      <code>
        <coding>
          <system
                  value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/>
          <code value="initial-population"/>
          <display value="Initial Population"/>
        </coding>
      </code>
      <description
                   value="Patients aged 65 years and older at the start of the measurement period with a visit during the measurement period"/>
      <criteria>
        <language value="text/cql-identifier"/>
        <expression value="Initial Population"/>
      </criteria>
    </population>
    <population id="709305F8-74DE-4F12-9CC8-1A2B8FE03B2B">
      <code>
        <coding>
          <system
                  value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/>
          <code value="denominator"/>
          <display value="Denominator"/>
        </coding>
      </code>
      <description value="Equals Initial Population"/>
      <criteria>
        <language value="text/cql-identifier"/>
        <expression value="Denominator"/>
      </criteria>
    </population>
    <population id="4F4250DE-FB16-4B83-AA88-5ADBB5E7BF81">
      <code>
        <coding>
          <system
                  value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/>
          <code value="denominator-exclusion"/>
          <display value="Denominator Exclusion"/>
        </coding>
      </code>
      <description
                   value="Exclude patients who are in hospice care for any part of the measurement period"/>
      <criteria>
        <language value="text/cql-identifier"/>
        <expression value="Denominator Exclusions"/>
      </criteria>
    </population>
    <population id="E1451EC9-61D2-464A-9591-57DB230076A1">
      <code>
        <coding>
          <system
                  value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/>
          <code value="numerator"/>
          <display value="Numerator"/>
        </coding>
      </code>
      <description
                   value="Patients who were screened for future fall risk at least once within the measurement period"/>
      <criteria>
        <language value="text/cql-identifier"/>
        <expression value="Numerator"/>
      </criteria>
    </population>
  </group>
</Measure>