// Initial Population


define "Initial Population":
  ( "Inpatient Encounters During Measurement Period"
    union "Encounters with Patient Hospital Locations" ) InpatientEncounters
    with "Antidiabetic Drugs Administered or Ordered" ADD
      such that Coalesce(start of ADD.effective.toInterval(), ADD.authoredOn) during InpatientEncounters."hospitalizationWithObservation" ( )
    where ( InpatientEncounters.status = 'finished'
        or InpatientEncounters.status = 'in-progress'
        or InpatientEncounters.status = 'triaged'
        or InpatientEncounters.status = 'onleave'
        or InpatientEncounters.status = 'entered-in-error'
    )

define "SDE Race":
  Patient.race R
    return Tuple {
      codes: R.ombCategory union R.detailed,
      display: R.text
    }

define "SDE Sex":
  case
    when Patient.sex = '248153007' then "Male (finding)"
    when Patient.sex = '248152002' then "Female (finding)"
    else null
  end

define "SDE Payer":
  [Coverage: type in "Payer Type"] Payer
    return {
      code: Payer.type,
      period: Payer.period
    }

define "SDE Ethnicity":
  Patient.ethnicity E
    return Tuple {
      codes: { E.ombCategory } union E.detailed,
      display: E.text
    }

/*
@description: Returns the Location resource specified by the given reference.
*/
define fluent function getLocation(reference Reference):
  singleton from (
    [Location] L where reference.references(L)
  )

/*
@description: Returns the medication code for the given MedicationRequest
*/
define fluent function getMedicationCode(request MedicationRequest):
  if request.medication is Concept then
  	  request.medication as Concept
  	else
  	  (singleton from ([Medication] M where request.medication.references(M))).code

/*
@description: Hospitalization with Observation returns the total interval from the start of any immediately prior emergency department visit through the observation visit to the discharge of the given encounter
*/
define fluent function hospitalizationWithObservation(TheEncounter Encounter ):
  TheEncounter Visit
  		let ObsVisit: Last([Encounter: "Observation Services"] LastObs
  				where LastObs.status = 'finished'
            and LastObs.period ends 1 hour or less on or before start of Visit.period
  				sort by end of period
  			),
  			VisitStart: Coalesce(start of ObsVisit.period, start of Visit.period),
  			EDVisit: Last([Encounter: "Emergency Department Visit"] LastED
  				where LastED.status = 'finished'
            and LastED.period ends 1 hour or less on or before VisitStart
  				sort by end of period
  			)
  		return Interval[Coalesce(start of EDVisit.period, VisitStart), end of Visit.period]

/*
@description: Converts the given [Period](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Period)
value to a CQL DateTime Interval
@comment: If the start value of the given period is unspecified, the starting
boundary of the resulting interval will be open (meaning the start of the interval
is unknown, as opposed to interpreted as the beginning of time).
*/
define function ToInterval(period FHIR.Period):
    if period is null then
        null
    else
        if period."start" is null then
            Interval(period."start".value, period."end".value]
        else
            Interval[period."start".value, period."end".value]

/*
@description: Converts the given FHIR [CodeableConcept](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#CodeableConcept) value to a CQL Concept.
*/
define function ToConcept(concept FHIR.CodeableConcept):
    if concept is null then
        null
    else
        System.Concept {
            codes: concept.coding C return ToCode(C),
            display: concept.text.value
        }

/*
@description: Converts the given FHIR [Coding](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Coding) value to a CQL Code.
*/
define function ToCode(coding FHIR.Coding):
    if coding is null then
        null
    else
        System.Code {
          code: coding.code.value,
          system: coding.system.value,
          version: coding.version.value,
          display: coding.display.value
        }

define function ToString(value uri): value.value

define "Inpatient Encounters During Measurement Period":
  [Encounter: "Encounter Inpatient"] InpatientEncounters
    where InpatientEncounters.period ends during day of "Measurement Period"
      and ( InpatientEncounters.class ~ QICoreCommon."inpatient non-acute"
          or InpatientEncounters.class ~ QICoreCommon."inpatient non-acute"
          or InpatientEncounters.class ~ QICoreCommon."short stay"
          or InpatientEncounters.class ~ QICoreCommon."inpatient acute"
          or InpatientEncounters.class ~ QICoreCommon."inpatient encounter"
      )

define "Encounters with Patient Hospital Locations":
  "Inpatient Encounters During Measurement Period" InpatientEncounter
    where exists ( InpatientEncounter.location HospitalLocation
        where HospitalLocation.location.getLocation ( ).type in "Inpatient, Emergency, and Observation Locations"
          and HospitalLocation.period during day of InpatientEncounter.period
    )

define "MedicationRequests":
  [MedicationRequest]

define "MedicationAdministrations":
  [MedicationAdministration]

define "Antidiabetic Drugs Administered or Ordered":
  ( "MedicationRequests"
    union "MedicationAdministrations" ) MedReqOrAdmin
    where Coalesce(MedReqOrAdmin.getMedicationCode(), MedReqOrAdmin.getMedicationAdministrationCode()) in "Diabetes Medications"

// Initial Population


define "Initial Population":
  ( "Inpatient Encounters During Measurement Period"
    union "Encounters with Patient Hospital Locations" ) InpatientEncounters
    with "Antidiabetic Drugs Administered or Ordered" ADD
      such that Coalesce(start of ADD.effective.toInterval(), ADD.authoredOn) during InpatientEncounters."hospitalizationWithObservation" ( )
    where ( InpatientEncounters.status = 'finished'
        or InpatientEncounters.status = 'in-progress'
        or InpatientEncounters.status = 'triaged'
        or InpatientEncounters.status = 'onleave'
        or InpatientEncounters.status = 'entered-in-error'
    )

define "SDE Coverage":
  [Coverage] Coverages
    where exists ( "Initial Population" IP
        where Coverages.period starts before or on day of IP.period
          and end of Coverages.period on or after day of end of IP.period
    )
    return { Coverages.id, Coverages.meta, Coverages.status, Coverages.type, Coverages.policyHolder, Coverages.subscriber, Coverages.subscriberId, Coverages.beneficiary, Coverages.dependent, Coverages.relationship, Coverages.period, Coverages.payor, Coverages.class, Coverages.order, Coverages.network, Coverages.subrogation, Coverages.contract }

define "SDE Medication Request":
  "MedicationRequests" MedRequests
    where exists ( "Initial Population" InitialPopulation
        where MedRequests.authoredOn during InitialPopulation."hospitalizationWithObservation" ( )
    )
    return { MedRequests.id, MedRequests.meta, MedRequests.status, MedRequests.statusReason, MedRequests.intent, MedRequests.category, MedRequests.priority, MedRequests.doNotPerform, MedRequests.reported, MedRequests.medication, MedRequests.subject, MedRequests.encounter, MedRequests.authoredOn, MedRequests.requester, MedRequests.recorder, MedRequests.reasonCode, MedRequests.reasonReference, MedRequests.instantiatesCanonical, MedRequests.instantiatesUri, MedRequests.courseOfTherapyType, MedRequests.dosageInstruction }

define "SDE Encounter Locations":
  "Initial Population" IP
    where exists ( IP.location InitialPopulationLocation
        let types: ( InitialPopulationLocation.location ).getLocation ( ).type
        where exists ( types type
            where type in "Inpatient, Emergency, and Observation Locations"
        )
          and InitialPopulationLocation.period during IP.period
    )
    return { IP.id, IP.meta, IP.identifier, IP.status, IP.statusHistory, IP.class, IP.classHistory, IP.type, IP.serviceType, IP.priority, IP.subject, IP.period, IP.length, IP.reasonCode, IP.reasonReference, IP.diagnosis, IP.account, IP.hospitalization, IP.location, IP.partOf }

define "SDE Race":
  SDE."SDE Race"

define "SDE Medication Administration":
  "MedicationAdministrations" MedAdministrations
    where exists ( "Initial Population" InitialPopulation
        where MedAdministrations.effective.toInterval ( ) overlaps InitialPopulation."hospitalizationWithObservation" ( )
    )
    return { MedAdministrations.id, MedAdministrations.meta, MedAdministrations.instantiates, MedAdministrations.partOf, MedAdministrations.status, MedAdministrations.statusReason, MedAdministrations.category, MedAdministrations.medication, MedAdministrations.subject, MedAdministrations.context, MedAdministrations.supportingInformation, MedAdministrations.effective, MedAdministrations.performer, MedAdministrations.reasonCode, MedAdministrations.reasonReference, MedAdministrations.request, MedAdministrations.device, MedAdministrations.note, MedAdministrations.dosage }

define "SDE Sex":
  SDE."SDE Sex"

define "SDE Initial Population Encounters":
  "Initial Population" IP
    return { IP.id, IP.meta, IP.identifier, IP.status, IP.statusHistory, IP.class, IP.classHistory, IP.type, IP.serviceType, IP.priority, IP.subject, IP.period, IP.length, IP.reasonCode, IP.reasonReference, IP.diagnosis, IP.account, IP.hospitalization, IP.location, IP.partOf }

//Supplemental Data Elements


define "SDE Blood Glucose Observation":
  ( ["LaboratoryResultObservation": "Blood Glucose Laboratory and Point of Care Tests"] GlucoseTest
      where exists ( "Initial Population" InitialPopulation
          where start of GlucoseTest.effective.toInterval ( ) during day of InitialPopulation.period
            or GlucoseTest.issued during day of InitialPopulation.period
      )
      return { GlucoseTest.id, GlucoseTest.extension, GlucoseTest.text, GlucoseTest.referenceRange, GlucoseTest.component, GlucoseTest.basedOn, GlucoseTest.partOf, GlucoseTest.category, GlucoseTest.status, GlucoseTest.subject, GlucoseTest.focus, GlucoseTest.encounter, GlucoseTest.effective, GlucoseTest.issued, GlucoseTest.performer, GlucoseTest.value, GlucoseTest.dataAbsentReason, GlucoseTest.interpretation, GlucoseTest.note, GlucoseTest.bodySite, GlucoseTest.method, GlucoseTest.specimen, GlucoseTest.device, GlucoseTest.hasMember, GlucoseTest.derivedFrom }
  )

define "SDE Condition":
  ["ConditionProblemsHealthConcerns"] Diagnosis
    where exists ( "Initial Population" IP
        where Diagnosis.prevalenceInterval ( ) overlaps day of IP.period
    )
    return { Diagnosis.id, Diagnosis.meta, Diagnosis.clinicalStatus, Diagnosis.verificationStatus, Diagnosis.category, Diagnosis.severity, Diagnosis.code, Diagnosis.bodySite, Diagnosis.subject, Diagnosis.encounter.reference.getId ( ), Diagnosis.onset, Diagnosis.stage, Diagnosis.evidence, Diagnosis.note }

define "SDE Payer":
  SDE."SDE Payer"

define "SDE Ethnicity":
  SDE."SDE Ethnicity"

define "Get Locations from Initial Population":
  flatten ( "Initial Population" IP
      let locationElements: IP.location
      return locationElements LE
        let locationReference: LE.location
        return ( locationReference.getLocation ( ) )
  )

define "SDE Location":
  "Get Locations from Initial Population" Locations
    where exists "Initial Population"
      and Locations is not null
    return { Locations.id, Locations.meta, Locations.extension, Locations.status, Locations.operationalStatus, Locations.name, Locations.alias, Locations.description, Locations.mode, Locations.type, Locations.telecom, Locations.address, Locations.physicalType, Locations.position, Locations.managingOrganization, Locations.partOf, Locations.hoursOfOperation, Locations.availabilityExceptions, Locations.endpoint }

define "SDE Service Request":
  [ServiceRequest] ServiceRequests
    where exists ( "Initial Population" InitialPopulation
        where ServiceRequests.authoredOn during InitialPopulation.period
    )
    return { ServiceRequests.id, ServiceRequests.meta, ServiceRequests.instantiatesCanonical, ServiceRequests.instantiatesUri, ServiceRequests.basedOn, ServiceRequests.replaces, ServiceRequests.requisition, ServiceRequests.status, ServiceRequests.intent, ServiceRequests.category, ServiceRequests.priority, ServiceRequests.doNotPerform, ServiceRequests.code, ServiceRequests.orderDetail, ServiceRequests.quantity, ServiceRequests.subject, ServiceRequests.encounter, ServiceRequests.occurrence, ServiceRequests.asNeeded, ServiceRequests.authoredOn, ServiceRequests.requester, ServiceRequests.performerType, ServiceRequests.performer, ServiceRequests.locationCode, ServiceRequests.reasonCode, ServiceRequests.reasonReference, ServiceRequests.insurance, ServiceRequests.bodySite, ServiceRequests.note, ServiceRequests.patientInstruction }

define "SDE Minimal Patient":
  [Patient] MinPt
    where exists "Initial Population"
    return { MinPt.id, MinPt.meta, MinPt.extension, MinPt.identifier, MinPt.active, MinPt.name, MinPt.telecom, MinPt.gender, MinPt.birthDate, MinPt.deceased, MinPt.address, MinPt.maritalStatus, MinPt.multipleBirth, MinPt.photo, MinPt.contact, MinPt.communication, MinPt.generalPractitioner, MinPt.managingOrganization, MinPt.link }

define "SDE Medication":
  ( "MedicationRequests"
    union "MedicationAdministrations" ) MedReqOrAdmin
    let medication: GetMedication(MedReqOrAdmin.medication as Reference)
    where medication is not null
      and exists ( "Initial Population" IP
          where Coalesce(MedReqOrAdmin.effective.toInterval(), MedReqOrAdmin.authoredOn.toInterval()) overlaps IP."hospitalizationWithObservation" ( )
      )
    return { medication.id, medication.meta, medication.code, medication.status, medication.manufacturer, medication.form, medication.amount, medication.ingredient, medication.batch }

define "SDE Chief Complaint":
  "Initial Population" IP
    where exists ( IP.diagnosis InitialPopulationDiagnosis
        where InitialPopulationDiagnosis.use ~ QICoreCommon."CC"
    )
    return { IP.id, IP.meta, IP.identifier, IP.status, IP.statusHistory, IP.class, IP.classHistory, IP.type, IP.serviceType, IP.priority, IP.subject, IP.period, IP.length, IP.reasonCode, IP.reasonReference, IP.diagnosis, IP.account, IP.hospitalization, IP.location, IP.partOf }

define fluent function getMedicationAdministrationCode(admin MedicationAdministration):
  if admin.medication is Concept then admin.medication as Concept 
    else ( singleton from ( [Medication] M
        where admin.medication.references ( M )
    )
  ).code

define function "GetMedication"(reference Reference):
  singleton from ( [Medication] Medication
      where reference.references ( Medication )
  )

/*
@description: Returns true if the given reference is to the given resource
@comment: Returns true if the `id` element of the given resource exactly equals the tail of the given reference.
NOTE: This function assumes resources from the same source server.
*/
define fluent function references(reference Reference, resource Resource):
  resource.id = Last(Split(reference.reference, '/'))

/*
@description: Returns an interval representing the normalized prevalence period of a given Condition.
@comment: Uses the ToInterval and ToAbatementInterval functions to determine the widest potential interval from
onset to abatement as specified in the given Condition. If the condition is active, or has an abatement date the resulting 
interval will have a closed ending boundary. Otherwise, the resulting interval will have an open ending boundary.
*/
define fluent function prevalenceInterval(condition Choice<"ConditionEncounterDiagnosis", "ConditionProblemsHealthConcerns">):
if condition.clinicalStatus ~ "active"
  or condition.clinicalStatus ~ "recurrence"
  or condition.clinicalStatus ~ "relapse" then
  Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), end of condition.abatementInterval()]
else
    (end of condition.abatementInterval()) abatementDate
    return if abatementDate is null then
      Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate)
    else
      Interval[start of condition.onset.toInterval(), abatementDate]

/*
@description: Returns an interval representing the normalized abatement of a given Condition.
@comment: If the abatement element of the Condition is represented as a DateTime, the result
is an interval beginning and ending on that DateTime.
If the abatement is represented as a Quantity, the quantity is expected to be a calendar-duration and is interpreted as the age of the patient. The
result is an interval from the date the patient turned that age to immediately before one year later.
If the abatement is represented as a Quantity Interval, the quantities are expected to be calendar-durations and are interpreted as an age range during
which the abatement occurred. The result is an interval from the date the patient turned the starting age of the quantity interval, and ending immediately
before one year later than the date the patient turned the ending age of the quantity interval.
*/
define fluent function abatementInterval(condition Choice<"ConditionEncounterDiagnosis", "ConditionProblemsHealthConcerns">):
	if condition.abatement is DateTime then
	  Interval[condition.abatement as DateTime, condition.abatement as DateTime]
	else if condition.abatement is Quantity then
		Interval[Patient.birthDate + (condition.abatement as Quantity),
			Patient.birthDate + (condition.abatement as Quantity) + 1 year)
	else if condition.abatement is Interval<Quantity> then
	  Interval[Patient.birthDate + (condition.abatement.low as Quantity),
		  Patient.birthDate + (condition.abatement.high as Quantity) + 1 year)
	else if condition.abatement is Interval<DateTime> then
	  Interval[condition.abatement.low, condition.abatement.high)
	else null as Interval<DateTime>

/*
@description: Returns the tail of the given uri (i.e. everything after the last slash in the URI).
@comment: This function can be used to determine the logical id of a given resource. It can be used in
a single-server environment to trace references. However, this function does not attempt to resolve
or distinguish the base of the given url, and so cannot be used safely in multi-server environments.
*/
define fluent function getId(uri String):
  Last(Split(uri, '/'))

/*
@description: Normalizes a value that is a choice of timing-valued types to an equivalent interval
@comment: Normalizes a choice type of DateTime, Quanitty, Interval<DateTime>, or Interval<Quantity> types
to an equivalent interval. This selection of choice types is a superset of the majority of choice types that are used as possible
representations for timing-valued elements in QICore, allowing this function to be used across any resource.
The input can be provided as a DateTime, Quantity, Interval<DateTime> or Interval<Quantity>.
The intent of this function is to provide a clear and concise mechanism to treat single
elements that have multiple possible representations as intervals so that logic doesn't have to account
for the variability. More complex calculations (such as medication request period or dispense period
calculation) need specific guidance and consideration. That guidance may make use of this function, but
the focus of this function is on single element calculations where the semantics are unambiguous.
If the input is a DateTime, the result a DateTime Interval beginning and ending on that DateTime.
If the input is a Quantity, the quantity is expected to be a calendar-duration interpreted as an Age,
and the result is a DateTime Interval beginning on the Date the patient turned that age and ending immediately before one year later.
If the input is a DateTime Interval, the result is the input.
If the input is a Quantity Interval, the quantities are expected to be calendar-durations interpreted as an Age, and the result
is a DateTime Interval beginning on the date the patient turned the age given as the start of the quantity interval, and ending
immediately before one year later than the date the patient turned the age given as the end of the quantity interval.
If the input is a Timing, an error will be thrown indicating that Timing calculations are not implemented. Any other input will reslt in a null DateTime Interval
*/
define fluent function toInterval(choice Choice<DateTime, Quantity, Interval<DateTime>, Interval<Quantity>, Timing>):
  case
	  when choice is DateTime then
    	Interval[choice as DateTime, choice as DateTime]
		when choice is Interval<DateTime> then
  		choice as Interval<DateTime>
		when choice is Quantity then
		  Interval[Patient.birthDate + (choice as Quantity),
			  Patient.birthDate + (choice as Quantity) + 1 year)
		when choice is Interval<Quantity> then
		  Interval[Patient.birthDate + (choice.low as Quantity),
			  Patient.birthDate + (choice.high as Quantity) + 1 year)
		when choice is Timing then
      Message(null, true, 'NOT_IMPLEMENTED', 'Error', 'Calculation of an interval from a Timing value is not supported') as Interval<DateTime>
		else
			null as Interval<DateTime>
	end