CMS Draft FHIR Measures
2024.1.0 - CI Build

CMS Draft FHIR Measures, published by cqframework. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 2024.1.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/cqframework/dqm-content-cms-2024/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

## Library: FHIRHelpers

Official URL: https://madie.cms.gov/Library/FHIRHelpers | Version: 4.4.000
Active as of 2024-12-11 | Responsible: ICF | Computable Name: FHIRHelpers
Other Identifiers: https://madie.cms.gov/login#660d90bc01598d085de46056 (use: official, )

This library defines functions to convert between FHIR data types and CQL system-defined types, as well as functions to support FHIRPath implementation. For more information, the FHIRHelpers wiki page: https://github.com/cqframework/clinical_quality_language/wiki/FHIRHelpers

Metadata
Title | FHIRHelpers
Version | 4.4.000
Identifier | 660d90bc01598d085de46056
Topic | FHIR
Topic | CQL
Steward (Publisher) | ICF
Description | This library defines functions to convert between FHIR data types and CQL system-defined types, as well as functions to support FHIRPath implementation. For more information, the FHIRHelpers wiki page: https://github.com/cqframework/clinical_quality_language/wiki/FHIRHelpers
Type | logic-library from http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/library-type
Parameters
Parameter | None
Library Content
CQL Content |
    library FHIRHelpers version '4.4.000'

    using FHIR version '4.0.1'

    /*
    @description: Converts the given [Period](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Period)
    value to a CQL DateTime Interval
    @comment: If the start value of the given period is unspecified, the starting
    boundary of the resulting interval will be open (meaning the start of the interval
    is unknown, as opposed to interpreted as the beginning of time).
    */
    define function ToInterval(period FHIR.Period):
        if period is null then
            null
        else
            if period."start" is null then
                Interval(period."start".value, period."end".value]
            else
                Interval[period."start".value, period."end".value]

    /*
    @description: Converts a UCUM definite duration unit to a CQL calendar duration
    unit using conversions specified in the [quantities](https://cql.hl7.org/02-authorsguide.html#quantities)
    topic of the CQL specification.
    @comment: Note that for durations above days (or weeks), the conversion is understood to be approximate
    */
    define function ToCalendarUnit(unit System.String):
        case unit
            when 'ms' then 'millisecond'
            when 's' then 'second'
            when 'min' then 'minute'
            when 'h' then 'hour'
            when 'd' then 'day'
            when 'wk' then 'week'
            when 'mo' then 'month'
            when 'a' then 'year'
            else unit
        end

    /*
    @description: Converts the given FHIR [Quantity](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Quantity)
    value to a CQL Quantity
    @comment: If the given quantity has a comparator specified, a runtime error is raised. If the given quantity
    has a system other than UCUM (i.e. `http://unitsofmeasure.org`) or CQL calendar units (i.e. `http://hl7.org/fhirpath/CodeSystem/calendar-units`)
    an error is raised. For UCUM to calendar units, the `ToCalendarUnit` function is used.
    @seealso: ToCalendarUnit
    */
    define function ToQuantity(quantity FHIR.Quantity):
        case
            when quantity is null then null
            when quantity.value is null then null
            when quantity.comparator is not null then
                Message(null, true, 'FHIRHelpers.ToQuantity.ComparatorQuantityNotSupported', 'Error', 'FHIR Quantity value has a comparator and cannot be converted to a System.Quantity value.')
            when quantity.system is null or quantity.system.value = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'
                  or quantity.system.value = 'http://hl7.org/fhirpath/CodeSystem/calendar-units' then
                System.Quantity { value: quantity.value.value, unit: ToCalendarUnit(Coalesce(quantity.code.value, quantity.unit.value, '1')) }
            else
                Message(null, true, 'FHIRHelpers.ToQuantity.InvalidFHIRQuantity', 'Error', 'Invalid FHIR Quantity code: ' & quantity.unit.value & ' (' & quantity.system.value & '|' & quantity.code.value & ')')
        end

    /*
    @description: Converts the given FHIR [Quantity](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Quantity) value to a CQL Quantity, ignoring
    the comparator element. This function should only be used when an application is justified in ignoring the comparator value (i.e. the
    context is looking for boundary).
    @comment: If the given quantity has a system other than UCUM (i.e. `http://unitsofmeasure.org`) or CQL calendar units
    (i.e. `http://hl7.org/fhirpath/CodeSystem/calendar-units`) an error is raised. For UCUM to calendar units, the `ToCalendarUnit` function
    is used.
    @seealso: ToCalendarUnit
    */
    define function ToQuantityIgnoringComparator(quantity FHIR.Quantity):
        case
            when quantity is null then null
            when quantity.value is null then null
            when quantity.system is null or quantity.system.value = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'
                  or quantity.system.value = 'http://hl7.org/fhirpath/CodeSystem/calendar-units' then
                System.Quantity { value: quantity.value.value, unit: ToCalendarUnit(Coalesce(quantity.code.value, quantity.unit.value, '1')) }
            else
                Message(null, true, 'FHIRHelpers.ToQuantity.InvalidFHIRQuantity', 'Error', 'Invalid FHIR Quantity code: ' & quantity.unit.value & ' (' & quantity.system.value & '|' & quantity.code.value & ')')
        end

    /*
    @description: Converts the given FHIR [Quantity](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Quantity) value to a CQL Interval of Quantity.
    @comment: If the given quantity has a comparator, it is used to construct an interval based on the value of the comparator. If the comparator
    is less than, the resulting interval will start with a null closed boundary and end with an open boundary on the quantity. If the comparator
    is less than or equal, the resulting interval will start with a null closed boundary and end with a closed boundary on the quantity. If the
    comparator is greater or equal, the resulting interval will start with a closed boundary on the quantity and end with a closed null boundary.
    If the comparator is greatter than, the resulting interval will start with an open boundary on the quantity and end with a closed null boundary.
    If no comparator is specified, the resulting interval will start and end with a closed boundary on the quantity.
    */
    define function ToInterval(quantity FHIR.Quantity):
        if quantity is null then null else
            case quantity.comparator.value
                when '<' then
                    Interval[
                        null,
                        ToQuantityIgnoringComparator(quantity)
                    )
                when '<=' then
                    Interval[
                        null,
                        ToQuantityIgnoringComparator(quantity)
                    ]
                when '>=' then
                    Interval[
                        ToQuantityIgnoringComparator(quantity),
                        null
                    ]
                when '>' then
                    Interval(
                        ToQuantityIgnoringComparator(quantity),
                        null
                    ]
                else
                    Interval[ToQuantity(quantity), ToQuantity(quantity)]
            end

    /*
    @description: Converts the given FHIR [Ratio](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Ratio) value to a CQL Ratio.
    */
    define function ToRatio(ratio FHIR.Ratio):
        if ratio is null then
            null
        else
            System.Ratio { numerator: ToQuantity(ratio.numerator), denominator: ToQuantity(ratio.denominator) }

    /*
    @description: Converts the given FHIR [Range](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Range) value to a CQL Interval of Quantity
    */
    define function ToInterval(range FHIR.Range):
        if range is null then
            null
        else
            Interval[ToQuantity(range.low), ToQuantity(range.high)]

    /*
    @description: Converts the given FHIR [Coding](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Coding) value to a CQL Code.
    */
    define function ToCode(coding FHIR.Coding):
        if coding is null then
            null
        else
            System.Code {
              code: coding.code.value,
              system: coding.system.value,
              version: coding.version.value,
              display: coding.display.value
            }

    /*
    @description: Converts the given FHIR [CodeableConcept](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#CodeableConcept) value to a CQL Concept.
    */
    define function ToConcept(concept FHIR.CodeableConcept):
        if concept is null then
            null
        else
            System.Concept {
                codes: concept.coding C return ToCode(C),
                display: concept.text.value
            }

    /*
    @description: Converts the given value (assumed to be a URI) to a CQL [ValueSet](https://cql.hl7.org/09-b-cqlreference.html#valueset)
    */
    define function ToValueSet(uri String):
        if uri is null then
            null
        else
            System.ValueSet {
                id: uri
            }

    /*
    @description: Constructs a FHIR [Reference](https://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Reference) from the given reference (assumed to be a FHIR resource URL)
    */
    define function reference(reference String):
        if reference is null then
            null
        else
            Reference { reference: string { value: reference } }

    /*
    @description: Converts the given value to a CQL value using the appropriate accessor or conversion function.
    @comment: TODO: document conversion
    */
    define function ToValue(value Choice<base64Binary,
            boolean,
            canonical,
            code,
            date,
            dateTime,
            decimal,
            id,
            instant,
            integer,
            markdown,
            oid,
            positiveInt,
            string,
            time,
            unsignedInt,
            uri,
            url,
            uuid,
            Address,
            Age,
            Annotation,
            Attachment,
            CodeableConcept,
            Coding,
            ContactPoint,
            Count,
            Distance,
            Duration,
            HumanName,
            Identifier,
            Money,
            Period,
            Quantity,
            Range,
            Ratio,
            Reference,
            SampledData,
            Signature,
            Timing,
            ContactDetail,
            Contributor,
            DataRequirement,
            Expression,
            ParameterDefinition,
            RelatedArtifact,
            TriggerDefinition,
            UsageContext,
            Dosage,
            Meta>):
        case
          when value is base64Binary then (value as base64Binary).value
          when value is boolean then (value as boolean).value
          when value is canonical then (value as canonical).value
          when value is code then (value as code).value
          when value is date then (value as date).value
          when value is dateTime then (value as dateTime).value
          when value is decimal then (value as decimal).value
          when value is id then (value as id).value
          when value is instant then (value as instant).value
          when value is integer then (value as integer).value
          when value is markdown then (value as markdown).value
          when value is oid then (value as oid).value
          when value is positiveInt then (value as positiveInt).value
          when value is string then (value as string).value
          when value is time then (value as time).value
          when value is unsignedInt then (value as unsignedInt).value
          when value is uri then (value as uri).value
          when value is url then (value as url).value
          when value is uuid then (value as uuid).value
          when value is Age then ToQuantity(value as Age)
          when value is CodeableConcept then ToConcept(value as CodeableConcept)
          when value is Coding then ToCode(value as Coding)
          when value is Count then ToQuantity(value as Count)
          when value is Distance then ToQuantity(value as Distance)
          when value is Duration then ToQuantity(value as Duration)
          when value is Quantity then ToQuantity(value as Quantity)
          when value is Range then ToInterval(value as Range)
          when value is Period then ToInterval(value as Period)
          when value is Ratio then ToRatio(value as Ratio)
          else value as Choice<Address,
            Annotation,
            Attachment,
            ContactPoint,
            HumanName,
            Identifier,
            Money,
            Reference,
            SampledData,
            Signature,
            Timing,
            ContactDetail,
            Contributor,
            DataRequirement,
            Expression,
            ParameterDefinition,
            RelatedArtifact,
            TriggerDefinition,
            UsageContext,
            Dosage,
            Meta>
        end

    /*
    @description: Resolve the given reference as a url to a resource. If the item resolves, the Resource is returned, otherwise the result is null.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function resolve(reference String) returns Resource: external
    /*
    @description: Resolve the reference element of the given Reference. If the item resolves, the Resource is returned, otherwise the result is null.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function resolve(reference Reference) returns Resource: external
    /*
    @description: Constructs a Reference to the given Resource. The resulting reference will typically be relative, but implementations may provide a base URL if one can be unambiguously determined.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function reference(resource Resource) returns Reference: external
    /*
    @description: Returns any extensions with the given url defined on the given element.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function extension(element Element, url String) returns List<Extension>: external
    /*
    @description: Returns any extensions with the given url defined on the given resource.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function extension(resource DomainResource, url String) returns List<Extension>: external
    /*
    @description: Returns any modifier extensions with the given url defined on the given element.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function modifierExtension(element BackboneElement, url String) returns List<Extension>: external
    /*
    @description: Returns any modifier extensions with the given url defined on the given resource.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function modifierExtension(resource DomainResource, url String) returns List<Extension>: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if the element is a FHIR primitive type with a value element (as opposed to having only extensions); false otherwise
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function hasValue(element Element) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: Returns the value of the FHIR primitive; null otherwise
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function getValue(element Element) returns Any: external
    /*
    @description: Returns a list containing only those elements in the input that are of the given type, specified as a string.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function ofType(identifier String) returns List<Any>: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if the input is of the given type; false otherwise
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function is(identifier String) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: If the input is of the given type; returns the value as that type; null otherwise.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function as(identifier String) returns Any: external
    /*
    @description: Returns the FHIR element definition for the given element
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function elementDefinition(element Element) returns ElementDefinition: external
    /*
    @description: Returns the given slice as defined in the given structure definition. The structure argument is a uri that resolves to the structure definition, and the name must be the name of a slice within that structure definition. If the structure cannot be resolved, or the name of the slice within the resolved structure is not present, an error is thrown.
    @comment: For every element in the input collection, if the resolved slice is present on the element, it will be returned. If the slice does not match any element in the input collection, or if the input collection is empty, the result is an empty collection ({ }).
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function slice(element Element, url String, name String) returns List<Element>: external
    /*
    @description: For each element in the input collection, verifies that there are no modifying extensions defined other than the ones given by the modifier argument. If the check passes, the input collection is returned. Otherwise, an error is thrown.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function checkModifiers(resource Resource) returns Resource: external
    /*
    @description: For each element in the input collection, verifies that there are no modifying extensions defined other than the ones given by the modifier argument. If the check passes, the input collection is returned. Otherwise, an error is thrown.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function checkModifiers(resource Resource, modifier String) returns Resource: external
    /*
    @description: For each element in the input collection, verifies that there are no modifying extensions defined other than the ones given by the modifier argument. If the check passes, the input collection is returned. Otherwise, an error is thrown.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function checkModifiers(element Element) returns Element: external
    /*
    @description: For each element in the input collection, verifies that there are no modifying extensions defined other than the ones given by the modifier argument. If the check passes, the input collection is returned. Otherwise, an error is thrown.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function checkModifiers(element Element, modifier String) returns Element: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if the single input element conforms to the profile specified by the structure argument, and false otherwise. If the structure cannot be resolved to a valid profile, an error is thrown. If the input contains more than one element, an error is thrown. If the input is empty, the result is empty.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function conformsTo(resource Resource, structure String) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if the given code is equal to a code in the valueset, so long as the valueset only contains one codesystem. If the valueset contains more than one codesystem, an error is thrown.
    @comment: If the valueset cannot be resolved as a uri to a value set, an error is thrown.
    Note that implementations are encouraged to make use of a terminology service to provide this functionality.
    For example:
    ```fhirpath
    Observation.component.where(code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-vitalsignresult'))
    ```
    This expression returns components that have a code that is a member of the observation-vitalsignresult valueset.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function memberOf(code code, valueSet String) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if the code is a member of the given valueset.
    @comment: If the valueset cannot be resolved as a uri to a value set, an error is thrown.
    Note that implementations are encouraged to make use of a terminology service to provide this functionality.
    For example:
    ```fhirpath
    Observation.component.where(code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-vitalsignresult'))
    ```
    This expression returns components that have a code that is a member of the observation-vitalsignresult valueset.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function memberOf(coding Coding, valueSet String) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if any code in the concept is a member of the given valueset.
    @comment: If the valueset cannot be resolved as a uri to a value set, an error is thrown.
    Note that implementations are encouraged to make use of a terminology service to provide this functionality.
    For example:
    ```fhirpath
    Observation.component.where(code.memberOf('http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-vitalsignresult'))
    ```
    This expression returns components that have a code that is a member of the observation-vitalsignresult valueset.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function memberOf(concept CodeableConcept, valueSet String) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if the source code is equivalent to the given code, or if the source code subsumes the given code (i.e. the source code is an ancestor of the given code in a subsumption hierarchy), and false otherwise.
    @comment: If the Codings are from different code systems, the relationships between the code systems must be well-defined or a run-time error is thrown.
    Note that implementations are encouraged to make use of a terminology service to provide this functionality.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function subsumes(coding Coding, subsumedCoding Coding) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if any Coding in the source or given elements is equivalent to or subsumes the given code.
    @comment: If the Codings are from different code systems, the relationships between the code systems must be well-defined or a run-time error is thrown.
    Note that implementations are encouraged to make use of a terminology service to provide this functionality.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function subsumes(concept CodeableConcept, subsumedConcept CodeableConcept) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if the source code is equivalent to the given code, or if the source code is subsumed by the given code (i.e. the source code is a descendant of the given code in a subsumption hierarchy), and false otherwise.
    @comment: If the Codings are from different code systems, the relationships between the code systems must be well-defined or a run-time error is thrown.
    Note that implementations are encouraged to make use of a terminology service to provide this functionality.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function subsumedBy(coding Coding, subsumingCoding Coding) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: Returns true if any Coding in the source or given elements is equivalent to or subsumed by the given code.
    @comment: If the Codings are from different code systems, the relationships between the code systems must be well-defined or a run-time error is thrown.
    Note that implementations are encouraged to make use of a terminology service to provide this functionality.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function subsumedBy(concept CodeableConcept, subsumingConcept CodeableConcept) returns Boolean: external
    /*
    @description: When invoked on an xhtml element, returns true if the rules around HTML usage are met, and false if they are not. The return value is undefined (null) on any other kind of element.
    @seealso: https://hl7.org/fhir/fhirpath.html#functions
    */
    define function htmlChecks(element Element) returns Boolean: external

    define function ToString(value AccountStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActionCardinalityBehavior): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActionConditionKind): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActionGroupingBehavior): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActionParticipantType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActionPrecheckBehavior): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActionRelationshipType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActionRequiredBehavior): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActionSelectionBehavior): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActivityDefinitionKind): value.value
    define function ToString(value ActivityParticipantType): value.value
    define function ToString(value AddressType): value.value
    define function ToString(value AddressUse): value.value
    define function ToString(value AdministrativeGender): value.value
    define function ToString(value AdverseEventActuality): value.value
    define function ToString(value AggregationMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value AllergyIntoleranceCategory): value.value
    define function ToString(value AllergyIntoleranceCriticality): value.value
    define function ToString(value AllergyIntoleranceSeverity): value.value
    define function ToString(value AllergyIntoleranceType): value.value
    define function ToString(value AppointmentStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value AssertionDirectionType): value.value
    define function ToString(value AssertionOperatorType): value.value
    define function ToString(value AssertionResponseTypes): value.value
    define function ToString(value AuditEventAction): value.value
    define function ToString(value AuditEventAgentNetworkType): value.value
    define function ToString(value AuditEventOutcome): value.value
    define function ToString(value BindingStrength): value.value
    define function ToString(value BiologicallyDerivedProductCategory): value.value
    define function ToString(value BiologicallyDerivedProductStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value BiologicallyDerivedProductStorageScale): value.value
    define function ToString(value BundleType): value.value
    define function ToString(value CapabilityStatementKind): value.value
    define function ToString(value CarePlanActivityKind): value.value
    define function ToString(value CarePlanActivityStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value CarePlanIntent): value.value
    define function ToString(value CarePlanStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value CareTeamStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value CatalogEntryRelationType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ChargeItemDefinitionPriceComponentType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ChargeItemStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ClaimResponseStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ClaimStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ClinicalImpressionStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value CodeSearchSupport): value.value
    define function ToString(value CodeSystemContentMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value CodeSystemHierarchyMeaning): value.value
    define function ToString(value CommunicationPriority): value.value
    define function ToString(value CommunicationRequestStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value CommunicationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value CompartmentCode): value.value
    define function ToString(value CompartmentType): value.value
    define function ToString(value CompositionAttestationMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value CompositionStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ConceptMapEquivalence): value.value
    define function ToString(value ConceptMapGroupUnmappedMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value ConditionalDeleteStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ConditionalReadStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ConsentDataMeaning): value.value
    define function ToString(value ConsentProvisionType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ConsentState): value.value
    define function ToString(value ConstraintSeverity): value.value
    define function ToString(value ContactPointSystem): value.value
    define function ToString(value ContactPointUse): value.value
    define function ToString(value ContractPublicationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ContractStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ContributorType): value.value
    define function ToString(value CoverageStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value CurrencyCode): value.value
    define function ToString(value DayOfWeek): value.value
    define function ToString(value DaysOfWeek): value.value
    define function ToString(value DetectedIssueSeverity): value.value
    define function ToString(value DetectedIssueStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value DeviceMetricCalibrationState): value.value
    define function ToString(value DeviceMetricCalibrationType): value.value
    define function ToString(value DeviceMetricCategory): value.value
    define function ToString(value DeviceMetricColor): value.value
    define function ToString(value DeviceMetricOperationalStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value DeviceNameType): value.value
    define function ToString(value DeviceRequestStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value DeviceUseStatementStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value DiagnosticReportStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value DiscriminatorType): value.value
    define function ToString(value DocumentConfidentiality): value.value
    define function ToString(value DocumentMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value DocumentReferenceStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value DocumentRelationshipType): value.value
    define function ToString(value EligibilityRequestPurpose): value.value
    define function ToString(value EligibilityRequestStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value EligibilityResponsePurpose): value.value
    define function ToString(value EligibilityResponseStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value EnableWhenBehavior): value.value
    define function ToString(value EncounterLocationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value EncounterStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value EndpointStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value EnrollmentRequestStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value EnrollmentResponseStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value EpisodeOfCareStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value EventCapabilityMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value EventTiming): value.value
    define function ToString(value EvidenceVariableType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ExampleScenarioActorType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ExplanationOfBenefitStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ExposureState): value.value
    define function ToString(value ExtensionContextType): value.value
    define function ToString(value FHIRAllTypes): value.value
    define function ToString(value FHIRDefinedType): value.value
    define function ToString(value FHIRDeviceStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value FHIRResourceType): value.value
    define function ToString(value FHIRSubstanceStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value FHIRVersion): value.value
    define function ToString(value FamilyHistoryStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value FilterOperator): value.value
    define function ToString(value FlagStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value GoalLifecycleStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value GraphCompartmentRule): value.value
    define function ToString(value GraphCompartmentUse): value.value
    define function ToString(value GroupMeasure): value.value
    define function ToString(value GroupType): value.value
    define function ToString(value GuidanceResponseStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value GuidePageGeneration): value.value
    define function ToString(value GuideParameterCode): value.value
    define function ToString(value HTTPVerb): value.value
    define function ToString(value IdentifierUse): value.value
    define function ToString(value IdentityAssuranceLevel): value.value
    define function ToString(value ImagingStudyStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ImmunizationEvaluationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ImmunizationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value InvoicePriceComponentType): value.value
    define function ToString(value InvoiceStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value IssueSeverity): value.value
    define function ToString(value IssueType): value.value
    define function ToString(value LinkType): value.value
    define function ToString(value LinkageType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ListMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value ListStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value LocationMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value LocationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value MeasureReportStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value MeasureReportType): value.value
    define function ToString(value MediaStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value MedicationAdministrationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value MedicationDispenseStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value MedicationKnowledgeStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value MedicationRequestIntent): value.value
    define function ToString(value MedicationRequestPriority): value.value
    define function ToString(value MedicationRequestStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value MedicationStatementStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value MedicationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value MessageSignificanceCategory): value.value
    define function ToString(value Messageheader_Response_Request): value.value
    define function ToString(value MimeType): value.value
    define function ToString(value NameUse): value.value
    define function ToString(value NamingSystemIdentifierType): value.value
    define function ToString(value NamingSystemType): value.value
    define function ToString(value NarrativeStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value NoteType): value.value
    define function ToString(value NutritiionOrderIntent): value.value
    define function ToString(value NutritionOrderStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ObservationDataType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ObservationRangeCategory): value.value
    define function ToString(value ObservationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value OperationKind): value.value
    define function ToString(value OperationParameterUse): value.value
    define function ToString(value OrientationType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ParameterUse): value.value
    define function ToString(value ParticipantRequired): value.value
    define function ToString(value ParticipantStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ParticipationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value PaymentNoticeStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value PaymentReconciliationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ProcedureStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value PropertyRepresentation): value.value
    define function ToString(value PropertyType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ProvenanceEntityRole): value.value
    define function ToString(value PublicationStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value QualityType): value.value
    define function ToString(value QuantityComparator): value.value
    define function ToString(value QuestionnaireItemOperator): value.value
    define function ToString(value QuestionnaireItemType): value.value
    define function ToString(value QuestionnaireResponseStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ReferenceHandlingPolicy): value.value
    define function ToString(value ReferenceVersionRules): value.value
    define function ToString(value ReferredDocumentStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value RelatedArtifactType): value.value
    define function ToString(value RemittanceOutcome): value.value
    define function ToString(value RepositoryType): value.value
    define function ToString(value RequestIntent): value.value
    define function ToString(value RequestPriority): value.value
    define function ToString(value RequestStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ResearchElementType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ResearchStudyStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ResearchSubjectStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value ResourceType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ResourceVersionPolicy): value.value
    define function ToString(value ResponseType): value.value
    define function ToString(value RestfulCapabilityMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value RiskAssessmentStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value SPDXLicense): value.value
    define function ToString(value SearchComparator): value.value
    define function ToString(value SearchEntryMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value SearchModifierCode): value.value
    define function ToString(value SearchParamType): value.value
    define function ToString(value SectionMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value SequenceType): value.value
    define function ToString(value ServiceRequestIntent): value.value
    define function ToString(value ServiceRequestPriority): value.value
    define function ToString(value ServiceRequestStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value SlicingRules): value.value
    define function ToString(value SlotStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value SortDirection): value.value
    define function ToString(value SpecimenContainedPreference): value.value
    define function ToString(value SpecimenStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value Status): value.value
    define function ToString(value StrandType): value.value
    define function ToString(value StructureDefinitionKind): value.value
    define function ToString(value StructureMapContextType): value.value
    define function ToString(value StructureMapGroupTypeMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value StructureMapInputMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value StructureMapModelMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value StructureMapSourceListMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value StructureMapTargetListMode): value.value
    define function ToString(value StructureMapTransform): value.value
    define function ToString(value SubscriptionChannelType): value.value
    define function ToString(value SubscriptionStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value SupplyDeliveryStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value SupplyRequestStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value SystemRestfulInteraction): value.value
    define function ToString(value TaskIntent): value.value
    define function ToString(value TaskPriority): value.value
    define function ToString(value TaskStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value TestReportActionResult): value.value
    define function ToString(value TestReportParticipantType): value.value
    define function ToString(value TestReportResult): value.value
    define function ToString(value TestReportStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value TestScriptRequestMethodCode): value.value
    define function ToString(value TriggerType): value.value
    define function ToString(value TypeDerivationRule): value.value
    define function ToString(value TypeRestfulInteraction): value.value
    define function ToString(value UDIEntryType): value.value
    define function ToString(value UnitsOfTime): value.value
    define function ToString(value Use): value.value
    define function ToString(value VariableType): value.value
    define function ToString(value VisionBase): value.value
    define function ToString(value VisionEyes): value.value
    define function ToString(value VisionStatus): value.value
    define function ToString(value XPathUsageType): value.value
    define function ToString(value base64Binary): value.value
    define function ToBoolean(value boolean): value.value
    define function ToDate(value date): value.value
    define function ToDateTime(value dateTime): value.value
    define function ToDecimal(value decimal): value.value
    define function ToDateTime(value instant): value.value
    define function ToInteger(value integer): value.value
    define function ToString(value string): value.value
    define function ToTime(value time): value.value
    define function ToString(value uri): value.value
    define function ToString(value xhtml): value.value
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