Virtually Healthcare HL7 FHIR Implementation Guide
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Virtually Healthcare HL7 FHIR Implementation Guide, published by Virtually Healthcare. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 0.1.0-current built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/Virtually-Healthcare/Virtually-Healthcare-FHIR-Implementation-Guide/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: Practitioner - Detailed Descriptions

Draft as of 2024-11-06

Definitions for the Practitioner resource profile.

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Practitioner
2. Practitioner.identifier
NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control1..?
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.identifier. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • pattern @ system
  • 4. Practitioner.identifier.system
    Control1..?
    6. Practitioner.identifier.value
    Control1..?
    8. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense
    Slice NameProfessionalLicense
    NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
    Control0..*
    TypeIdentifier(UK Professional License)
    10. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber
    Slice NameStaffEnterpriseNumber
    ShortAvoid using Staff Enterprise Numbers in FHIR Reference, LicenseNumbers are more useful to resource consumers.
    NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
    Control0..1
    TypeIdentifier(Staff Enterprise Number)

    Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

    0. Practitioner
    Definition

    A person who is directly or indirectly involved in the provisioning of healthcare.

    ShortA person with a formal responsibility in the provisioning of healthcare or related services
    Control0..*
    Is Modifierfalse
    Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
    dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
    dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
    dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
    dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
    2. Practitioner.implicitRules
    Definition

    A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

    ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
    Comments

    Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

    Control0..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
    Typeuri
    Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Summarytrue
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    4. Practitioner.modifierExtension
    Definition

    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

    Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

    ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control0..*
    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
    TypeExtension
    Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
    Standard StatusNormative (from Trial Use)
    Requirements

    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.modifierExtension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
    • value @ url
    • 6. Practitioner.identifier
      Definition

      An identifier that applies to this person in this role.

      ShortAn identifier for the person as this agent
      NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
      Control10..*
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      TypeIdentifier
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supporttrue
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.identifier. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
      • pattern @ system
      • 8. Practitioner.identifier.use
        Definition

        The purpose of this identifier.

        Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
        Comments

        Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUsehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1
        (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1)

        Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .

        Typecode
        Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        10. Practitioner.identifier.system
        Definition

        Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

        ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
        Comments

        Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

        Control10..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typeuri
        Is Modifierfalse
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

        Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        12. Practitioner.identifier.value
        Definition

        The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

        ShortThe value that is unique
        Comments

        If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

        Control10..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typestring
        Is Modifierfalse
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        14. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense
        Slice NameProfessionalLicense
        Definition

        An identifier - identifies some entity uniquely and unambiguously. Typically this is used for business identifiers.


        An identifier that applies to this person in this role.

        ShortAn identifier intended for computationAn identifier for the person as this agent
        NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeIdentifier(UK Professional License)
        Is Modifierfalse
        Must Supporttrue
        Requirements

        Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        16. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.use
        Definition

        The purpose of this identifier.

        Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
        Comments

        Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUsehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1
        (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1)

        Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .

        Typecode
        Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        18. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.system
        Definition

        Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

        ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
        Comments

        Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typeuri
        Is Modifierfalse
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

        Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        20. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.value
        Definition

        The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

        ShortThe value that is unique
        Comments

        If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typestring
        Is Modifierfalse
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        22. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber
        Slice NameStaffEnterpriseNumber
        Definition

        An identifier - identifies some entity uniquely and unambiguously. Typically this is used for business identifiers.


        An identifier that applies to this person in this role.

        ShortAvoid using Staff Enterprise Numbers in FHIR Reference, LicenseNumbers are more useful to resource consumers.An identifier for the person as this agent
        NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
        Control0..1*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeIdentifier(Staff Enterprise Number)
        Is Modifierfalse
        Must Supporttrue
        Requirements

        Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        24. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.use
        Definition

        The purpose of this identifier.

        Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
        Comments

        Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUsehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1
        (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1)

        Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .

        Typecode
        Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        26. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.system
        Definition

        Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

        ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
        Comments

        Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typeuri
        Is Modifierfalse
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

        Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        28. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.value
        Definition

        The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

        ShortThe value that is unique
        Comments

        If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typestring
        Is Modifierfalse
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        30. Practitioner.name
        Definition

        The name(s) associated with the practitioner.

        ShortThe name(s) associated with the practitioner
        Comments

        The selection of the use property should ensure that there is a single usual name specified, and others use the nickname (alias), old, or other values as appropriate.

        In general, select the value to be used in the ResourceReference.display based on this:

        1. There is more than 1 name
        2. Use = usual
        3. Period is current to the date of the usage
        4. Use = official
        5. Other order as decided by internal business rules.
        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeHumanName
        Is Modifierfalse
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        The name(s) that a Practitioner is known by. Where there are multiple, the name that the practitioner is usually known as should be used in the display.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        32. Practitioner.name.use
        Definition

        Identifies the purpose for this name.

        Shortusual | official | temp | nickname | anonymous | old | maiden
        Comments

        Applications can assume that a name is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from NameUsehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|4.0.1
        (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|4.0.1)

        The use of a human name.

        Typecode
        Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old name etc.for a current/permanent one
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Allows the appropriate name for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of names.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        34. Practitioner.name.family
        Definition

        The part of a name that links to the genealogy. In some cultures (e.g. Eritrea) the family name of a son is the first name of his father.

        ShortFamily name (often called 'Surname')
        Comments

        Family Name may be decomposed into specific parts using extensions (de, nl, es related cultures).

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typestring
        Is Modifierfalse
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Alternate Namessurname
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        36. Practitioner.telecom
        Definition

        A contact detail for the practitioner, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.

        ShortA contact detail for the practitioner (that apply to all roles)
        Comments

        Person may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and to help with identification. These typically will have home numbers, or mobile numbers that are not role specific.

        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeContactPoint
        Is Modifierfalse
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Need to know how to reach a practitioner independent to any roles the practitioner may have.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. (value.empty() or system.exists())
        38. Practitioner.telecom.system
        Definition

        Telecommunications form for contact point - what communications system is required to make use of the contact.

        Shortphone | fax | email | pager | url | sms | other
        Comments

        Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1, cpt-2
        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ContactPointSystemhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/contact-point-system|4.0.1
        (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/contact-point-system|4.0.1)

        Telecommunications form for contact point.

        Typecode
        Is Modifierfalse
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        40. Practitioner.telecom.value
        Definition

        The actual contact point details, in a form that is meaningful to the designated communication system (i.e. phone number or email address).

        ShortThe actual contact point details
        Comments

        Additional text data such as phone extension numbers, or notes about use of the contact are sometimes included in the value.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typestring
        Is Modifierfalse
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Must Supporttrue
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Need to support legacy numbers that are not in a tightly controlled format.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        42. Practitioner.telecom.use
        Definition

        Identifies the purpose for the contact point.

        Shorthome | work | temp | old | mobile - purpose of this contact point
        Comments

        Applications can assume that a contact is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ContactPointUsehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/contact-point-use|4.0.1
        (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/contact-point-use|4.0.1)

        Use of contact point.

        Typecode
        Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old contact etc.for a current/permanent one
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Summarytrue
        Requirements

        Need to track the way a person uses this contact, so a user can choose which is appropriate for their purpose.

        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))

        Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

        0. Practitioner
        Definition

        A person who is directly or indirectly involved in the provisioning of healthcare.

        ShortA person with a formal responsibility in the provisioning of healthcare or related services
        Control0..*
        Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
        dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
        dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
        dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
        dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
        2. Practitioner.id
        Definition

        The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

        ShortLogical id of this artifact
        Comments

        The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.

        Control0..1
        Typeid
        Summarytrue
        4. Practitioner.meta
        Definition

        The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

        ShortMetadata about the resource
        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeMeta
        Summarytrue
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        6. Practitioner.implicitRules
        Definition

        A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

        ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
        Comments

        Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        Typeuri
        Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Summarytrue
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        8. Practitioner.language
        Definition

        The base language in which the resource is written.

        ShortLanguage of the resource content
        Comments

        Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages
        (preferred to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages)

        A human language.

        Additional BindingsPurpose
        AllLanguagesMax Binding
        Typecode
        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        10. Practitioner.text
        Definition

        A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

        ShortText summary of the resource, for human interpretation
        Comments

        Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.

        Control0..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeNarrative
        Alternate Namesnarrative, html, xhtml, display
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        12. Practitioner.contained
        Definition

        These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.

        ShortContained, inline Resources
        Comments

        This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

        Control0..*
        TypeResource
        Alternate Namesinline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
        14. Practitioner.extension
        Definition

        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

        ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeExtension
        Standard StatusNormative (from Trial Use)
        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
        • value @ url
        • 16. Practitioner.modifierExtension
          Definition

          May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

          Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

          ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
          Comments

          There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

          Control0..*
          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
          TypeExtension
          Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
          Standard StatusNormative (from Trial Use)
          Requirements

          Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

          Alternate Namesextensions, user content
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.modifierExtension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
          • value @ url
          • 18. Practitioner.identifier
            Definition

            An identifier that applies to this person in this role.

            ShortAn identifier for the person as this agent
            NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
            Control1..*
            This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
            TypeIdentifier
            Must Supporttrue
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.identifier. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
            • pattern @ system
            • 20. Practitioner.identifier.id
              Definition

              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
              Control0..1
              Typestring
              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
              22. Practitioner.identifier.extension
              Definition

              May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

              ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
              Comments

              There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

              Control0..*
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              TypeExtension
              Standard StatusNormative (from Trial Use)
              Alternate Namesextensions, user content
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
              SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.identifier.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
              • value @ url
              • 24. Practitioner.identifier.use
                Definition

                The purpose of this identifier.

                Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
                Comments

                Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUse
                (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1)

                Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .

                Typecode
                Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                26. Practitioner.identifier.type
                Definition

                A coded type for the identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.

                ShortDescription of identifier
                Comments

                This element deals only with general categories of identifiers. It SHOULD not be used for codes that correspond 1..1 with the Identifier.system. Some identifiers may fall into multiple categories due to common usage. Where the system is known, a type is unnecessary because the type is always part of the system definition. However systems often need to handle identifiers where the system is not known. There is not a 1:1 relationship between type and system, since many different systems have the same type.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Identifier Type Codes
                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-type)

                A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.

                TypeCodeableConcept
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                Allows users to make use of identifiers when the identifier system is not known.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                28. Practitioner.identifier.system
                Definition

                Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

                ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
                Comments

                Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

                Control1..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                Typeuri
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Must Supporttrue
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

                Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                30. Practitioner.identifier.value
                Definition

                The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

                ShortThe value that is unique
                Comments

                If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

                Control1..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                Typestring
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Must Supporttrue
                Summarytrue
                Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                32. Practitioner.identifier.period
                Definition

                Time period during which identifier is/was valid for use.

                ShortTime period when id is/was valid for use
                Comments

                A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times").

                Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                TypePeriod
                Summarytrue
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end (start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end))
                34. Practitioner.identifier.assigner
                Definition

                Organization that issued/manages the identifier.

                ShortOrganization that issued id (may be just text)
                Comments

                The Identifier.assigner may omit the .reference element and only contain a .display element reflecting the name or other textual information about the assigning organization.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                TypeReference(Organization)
                Summarytrue
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
                36. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense
                Slice NameProfessionalLicense
                Definition

                An identifier - identifies some entity uniquely and unambiguously. Typically this is used for business identifiers.

                ShortAn identifier intended for computation
                NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
                Control0..*
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                TypeIdentifier(UK Professional License)
                Is Modifierfalse
                Must Supporttrue
                Requirements

                Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                38. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.id
                Definition

                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                Control0..1
                Typestring
                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                40. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.extension
                Definition

                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
                Comments

                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                Control0..*
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                TypeExtension
                Standard StatusNormative (from Trial Use)
                Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.identifier.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                • value @ url
                • 42. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.use
                  Definition

                  The purpose of this identifier.

                  Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
                  Comments

                  Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUse
                  (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1)

                  Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .

                  Typecode
                  Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                  Summarytrue
                  Requirements

                  Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  44. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.type
                  Definition

                  A coded type for the identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.

                  ShortDescription of identifier
                  Comments

                  This element deals only with general categories of identifiers. It SHOULD not be used for codes that correspond 1..1 with the Identifier.system. Some identifiers may fall into multiple categories due to common usage. Where the system is known, a type is unnecessary because the type is always part of the system definition. However systems often need to handle identifiers where the system is not known. There is not a 1:1 relationship between type and system, since many different systems have the same type.

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Identifier Type Codes
                  (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-type)

                  A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.

                  TypeCodeableConcept
                  Summarytrue
                  Requirements

                  Allows users to make use of identifiers when the identifier system is not known.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  46. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.system
                  Definition

                  Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

                  ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
                  Comments

                  Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  Typeuri
                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                  Must Supporttrue
                  Summarytrue
                  Requirements

                  There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

                  Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  48. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.value
                  Definition

                  The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

                  ShortThe value that is unique
                  Comments

                  If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  Typestring
                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                  Must Supporttrue
                  Summarytrue
                  Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  50. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.period
                  Definition

                  Time period during which identifier is/was valid for use.

                  ShortTime period when id is/was valid for use
                  Comments

                  A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times").

                  Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypePeriod
                  Summarytrue
                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end (start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end))
                  52. Practitioner.identifier:ProfessionalLicense.assigner
                  Definition

                  Organization that issued/manages the identifier.

                  ShortOrganization that issued id (may be just text)
                  Comments

                  The Identifier.assigner may omit the .reference element and only contain a .display element reflecting the name or other textual information about the assigning organization.

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypeReference(Organization)
                  Summarytrue
                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
                  54. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber
                  Slice NameStaffEnterpriseNumber
                  Definition

                  An identifier - identifies some entity uniquely and unambiguously. Typically this is used for business identifiers.

                  ShortAvoid using Staff Enterprise Numbers in FHIR Reference, LicenseNumbers are more useful to resource consumers.
                  NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypeIdentifier(Staff Enterprise Number)
                  Is Modifierfalse
                  Must Supporttrue
                  Requirements

                  Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  56. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.id
                  Definition

                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                  Control0..1
                  Typestring
                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                  58. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.extension
                  Definition

                  May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                  ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
                  Comments

                  There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                  Control0..*
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypeExtension
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Trial Use)
                  Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                  SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.identifier.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                  • value @ url
                  • 60. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.use
                    Definition

                    The purpose of this identifier.

                    Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
                    Comments

                    Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

                    Control0..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUse
                    (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1)

                    Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .

                    Typecode
                    Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    62. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.type
                    Definition

                    A coded type for the identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.

                    ShortDescription of identifier
                    Comments

                    This element deals only with general categories of identifiers. It SHOULD not be used for codes that correspond 1..1 with the Identifier.system. Some identifiers may fall into multiple categories due to common usage. Where the system is known, a type is unnecessary because the type is always part of the system definition. However systems often need to handle identifiers where the system is not known. There is not a 1:1 relationship between type and system, since many different systems have the same type.

                    Control0..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Identifier Type Codes
                    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-type)

                    A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.

                    TypeCodeableConcept
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Allows users to make use of identifiers when the identifier system is not known.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    64. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.system
                    Definition

                    Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

                    ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
                    Comments

                    Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

                    Control0..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    Typeuri
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Must Supporttrue
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

                    Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    66. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.value
                    Definition

                    The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

                    ShortThe value that is unique
                    Comments

                    If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

                    Control0..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    Typestring
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Must Supporttrue
                    Summarytrue
                    Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    68. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.period
                    Definition

                    Time period during which identifier is/was valid for use.

                    ShortTime period when id is/was valid for use
                    Comments

                    A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times").

                    Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.

                    Control0..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    TypePeriod
                    Summarytrue
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end (start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end))
                    70. Practitioner.identifier:StaffEnterpriseNumber.assigner
                    Definition

                    Organization that issued/manages the identifier.

                    ShortOrganization that issued id (may be just text)
                    Comments

                    The Identifier.assigner may omit the .reference element and only contain a .display element reflecting the name or other textual information about the assigning organization.

                    Control0..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    TypeReference(Organization)
                    Summarytrue
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
                    72. Practitioner.active
                    Definition

                    Whether this practitioner's record is in active use.

                    ShortWhether this practitioner's record is in active use
                    Comments

                    If the practitioner is not in use by one organization, then it should mark the period on the PractitonerRole with an end date (even if they are active) as they may be active in another role.

                    Control0..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    Typeboolean
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Need to be able to mark a practitioner record as not to be used because it was created in error.

                    Meaning if MissingThis resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    74. Practitioner.name
                    Definition

                    The name(s) associated with the practitioner.

                    ShortThe name(s) associated with the practitioner
                    Comments

                    The selection of the use property should ensure that there is a single usual name specified, and others use the nickname (alias), old, or other values as appropriate.

                    In general, select the value to be used in the ResourceReference.display based on this:

                    1. There is more than 1 name
                    2. Use = usual
                    3. Period is current to the date of the usage
                    4. Use = official
                    5. Other order as decided by internal business rules.
                    Control0..*
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    TypeHumanName
                    Must Supporttrue
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    The name(s) that a Practitioner is known by. Where there are multiple, the name that the practitioner is usually known as should be used in the display.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    76. Practitioner.name.id
                    Definition

                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                    Control0..1
                    Typestring
                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                    78. Practitioner.name.extension
                    Definition

                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                    ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
                    Comments

                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                    Control0..*
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    TypeExtension
                    Standard StatusNormative (from Trial Use)
                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.name.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                    • value @ url
                    • 80. Practitioner.name.use
                      Definition

                      Identifies the purpose for this name.

                      Shortusual | official | temp | nickname | anonymous | old | maiden
                      Comments

                      Applications can assume that a name is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.

                      Control0..1
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from NameUse
                      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|4.0.1)

                      The use of a human name.

                      Typecode
                      Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old name etc.for a current/permanent one
                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                      Summarytrue
                      Requirements

                      Allows the appropriate name for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of names.

                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      82. Practitioner.name.text
                      Definition

                      Specifies the entire name as it should be displayed e.g. on an application UI. This may be provided instead of or as well as the specific parts.

                      ShortText representation of the full name
                      Comments

                      Can provide both a text representation and parts. Applications updating a name SHALL ensure that when both text and parts are present, no content is included in the text that isn't found in a part.

                      Control0..1
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      Typestring
                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                      Summarytrue
                      Requirements

                      A renderable, unencoded form.

                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      84. Practitioner.name.family
                      Definition

                      The part of a name that links to the genealogy. In some cultures (e.g. Eritrea) the family name of a son is the first name of his father.

                      ShortFamily name (often called 'Surname')
                      Comments

                      Family Name may be decomposed into specific parts using extensions (de, nl, es related cultures).

                      Control0..1
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      Typestring
                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                      Must Supporttrue
                      Summarytrue
                      Alternate Namessurname
                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      86. Practitioner.name.given
                      Definition

                      Given name.

                      ShortGiven names (not always 'first'). Includes middle names
                      Comments

                      If only initials are recorded, they may be used in place of the full name parts. Initials may be separated into multiple given names but often aren't due to paractical limitations. This element is not called "first name" since given names do not always come first.

                      Control0..*
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      Typestring
                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                      Must Supportfalse
                      Summarytrue
                      Alternate Namesfirst name, middle name
                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      88. Practitioner.name.prefix
                      Definition

                      Part of the name that is acquired as a title due to academic, legal, employment or nobility status, etc. and that appears at the start of the name.

                      ShortParts that come before the name
                      Comments

                      Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                      Control0..*
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      Typestring
                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                      Summarytrue
                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      90. Practitioner.name.suffix
                      Definition

                      Part of the name that is acquired as a title due to academic, legal, employment or nobility status, etc. and that appears at the end of the name.

                      ShortParts that come after the name
                      Comments

                      Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                      Control0..*
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      Typestring
                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                      Summarytrue
                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      92. Practitioner.name.period
                      Definition

                      Indicates the period of time when this name was valid for the named person.

                      ShortTime period when name was/is in use
                      Comments

                      A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times").

                      Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.

                      Control0..1
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      TypePeriod
                      Summarytrue
                      Requirements

                      Allows names to be placed in historical context.

                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end (start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end))
                      94. Practitioner.telecom
                      Definition

                      A contact detail for the practitioner, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.

                      ShortA contact detail for the practitioner (that apply to all roles)
                      Comments

                      Person may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and to help with identification. These typically will have home numbers, or mobile numbers that are not role specific.

                      Control0..*
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      TypeContactPoint
                      Must Supporttrue
                      Summarytrue
                      Requirements

                      Need to know how to reach a practitioner independent to any roles the practitioner may have.

                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. (value.empty() or system.exists())
                      96. Practitioner.telecom.id
                      Definition

                      Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                      ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                      Control0..1
                      Typestring
                      XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                      98. Practitioner.telecom.extension
                      Definition

                      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                      ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
                      Comments

                      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                      Control0..*
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      TypeExtension
                      Standard StatusNormative (from Trial Use)
                      Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.telecom.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                      • value @ url
                      • 100. Practitioner.telecom.system
                        Definition

                        Telecommunications form for contact point - what communications system is required to make use of the contact.

                        Shortphone | fax | email | pager | url | sms | other
                        Comments

                        Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                        Control0..1
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1, cpt-2
                        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ContactPointSystem
                        (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/contact-point-system|4.0.1)

                        Telecommunications form for contact point.

                        Typecode
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Must Supporttrue
                        Summarytrue
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        102. Practitioner.telecom.value
                        Definition

                        The actual contact point details, in a form that is meaningful to the designated communication system (i.e. phone number or email address).

                        ShortThe actual contact point details
                        Comments

                        Additional text data such as phone extension numbers, or notes about use of the contact are sometimes included in the value.

                        Control0..1
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        Typestring
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Must Supporttrue
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        Need to support legacy numbers that are not in a tightly controlled format.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        104. Practitioner.telecom.use
                        Definition

                        Identifies the purpose for the contact point.

                        Shorthome | work | temp | old | mobile - purpose of this contact point
                        Comments

                        Applications can assume that a contact is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.

                        Control0..1
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ContactPointUse
                        (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/contact-point-use|4.0.1)

                        Use of contact point.

                        Typecode
                        Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old contact etc.for a current/permanent one
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        Need to track the way a person uses this contact, so a user can choose which is appropriate for their purpose.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        106. Practitioner.telecom.rank
                        Definition

                        Specifies a preferred order in which to use a set of contacts. ContactPoints with lower rank values are more preferred than those with higher rank values.

                        ShortSpecify preferred order of use (1 = highest)
                        Comments

                        Note that rank does not necessarily follow the order in which the contacts are represented in the instance.

                        Control0..1
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        TypepositiveInt
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Summarytrue
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        108. Practitioner.telecom.period
                        Definition

                        Time period when the contact point was/is in use.

                        ShortTime period when the contact point was/is in use
                        Comments

                        A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times").

                        Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.

                        Control0..1
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        TypePeriod
                        Summarytrue
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end (start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end))
                        110. Practitioner.address
                        Definition

                        Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address). Work addresses are not typically entered in this property as they are usually role dependent.

                        ShortAddress(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address)
                        Comments

                        The PractitionerRole does not have an address value on it, as it is expected that the location property be used for this purpose (which has an address).

                        Control0..*
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        TypeAddress
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        The home/mailing address of the practitioner is often required for employee administration purposes, and also for some rostering services where the start point (practitioners home) can be used in calculations.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        112. Practitioner.gender
                        Definition

                        Administrative Gender - the gender that the person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.

                        Shortmale | female | other | unknown
                        Comments

                        Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                        Control0..1
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AdministrativeGender
                        (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|4.0.1)

                        The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.

                        Typecode
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        Needed to address the person correctly.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        114. Practitioner.birthDate
                        Definition

                        The date of birth for the practitioner.

                        ShortThe date on which the practitioner was born
                        Control0..1
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        Typedate
                        Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                        Summarytrue
                        Requirements

                        Needed for identification.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        116. Practitioner.photo
                        Definition

                        Image of the person.

                        ShortImage of the person
                        Comments

                        When providing a summary view (for example with Observation.value[x]) Attachment should be represented with a brief display text such as "Signed Procedure Consent".

                        Control0..*
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        TypeAttachment
                        Requirements

                        Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of patients and personnel. Fits with newer social media usage too.

                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        att-1: If the Attachment has data, it SHALL have a contentType (data.empty() or contentType.exists())
                        118. Practitioner.qualification
                        Definition

                        The official certifications, training, and licenses that authorize or otherwise pertain to the provision of care by the practitioner. For example, a medical license issued by a medical board authorizing the practitioner to practice medicine within a certian locality.

                        ShortCertification, licenses, or training pertaining to the provision of care
                        Control0..*
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        TypeBackboneElement
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        120. Practitioner.qualification.id
                        Definition

                        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                        Control0..1
                        Typestring
                        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                        122. Practitioner.qualification.extension
                        Definition

                        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                        ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
                        Comments

                        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                        Control0..*
                        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                        TypeExtension
                        Standard StatusNormative (from Trial Use)
                        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Practitioner.qualification.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                        • value @ url
                        • 124. Practitioner.qualification.modifierExtension
                          Definition

                          May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                          Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                          ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                          Comments

                          There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                          Control0..*
                          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                          TypeExtension
                          Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                          Summarytrue
                          Requirements

                          Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                          Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                          126. Practitioner.qualification.identifier
                          Definition

                          An identifier that applies to this person's qualification in this role.

                          ShortAn identifier for this qualification for the practitioner
                          NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
                          Control0..*
                          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                          TypeIdentifier
                          Requirements

                          Often, specific identities are assigned for the qualification.

                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                          128. Practitioner.qualification.code
                          Definition

                          Coded representation of the qualification.

                          ShortCoded representation of the qualification
                          Comments

                          Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

                          Control1..1
                          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                          BindingFor example codes, see v2 table 0360, Version 2.7
                          (example to http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v2-2.7-0360)

                          Specific qualification the practitioner has to provide a service.

                          TypeCodeableConcept
                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                          130. Practitioner.qualification.period
                          Definition

                          Period during which the qualification is valid.

                          ShortPeriod during which the qualification is valid
                          Comments

                          A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times").

                          Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.

                          Control0..1
                          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                          TypePeriod
                          Requirements

                          Qualifications are often for a limited period of time, and can be revoked.

                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                          per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end (start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end))
                          132. Practitioner.qualification.issuer
                          Definition

                          Organization that regulates and issues the qualification.

                          ShortOrganization that regulates and issues the qualification
                          Comments

                          References SHALL be a reference to an actual FHIR resource, and SHALL be resolveable (allowing for access control, temporary unavailability, etc.). Resolution can be either by retrieval from the URL, or, where applicable by resource type, by treating an absolute reference as a canonical URL and looking it up in a local registry/repository.

                          Control0..1
                          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                          TypeReference(Organization)
                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                          ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
                          134. Practitioner.communication
                          Definition

                          A language the practitioner can use in patient communication.

                          ShortA language the practitioner can use in patient communication
                          Comments

                          The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.

                          Control0..*
                          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                          BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AllLanguages
                          (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages)

                          A ValueSet that identifies the language used by a person.

                          Additional BindingsPurpose
                          AllLanguagesMax Binding
                          TypeCodeableConcept
                          Requirements

                          Knowing which language a practitioner speaks can help in facilitating communication with patients.

                          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))