Estonian Base Implementation Guide
1.1.1 - trial-use Estonia flag

Estonian Base Implementation Guide, published by HL7 Estonia. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 1.1.1 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7EE/ig-ee-base/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: EEBaseObservation - Detailed Descriptions

Draft as of 2025-01-13

Definitions for the ee-observation resource profile.

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Observation
Definition

Measurements and simple assertions made about a patient, device or other subject.

ShortMeasurements and simple assertions
Comments

Used for simple observations such as device measurements, laboratory atomic results, vital signs, height, weight, smoking status, comments, etc. Other resources are used to provide context for observations such as laboratory reports, etc.

Control0..*
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate NamesVital Signs, Measurement, Results, Tests
Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().ofType(canonical) | %resource.descendants().ofType(uri) | %resource.descendants().ofType(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present (dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty())
obs-7: If Observation.component.code is the same as Observation.code, then Observation.value SHALL NOT be present (the Observation.component.value[x] holds the value). (value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty())
obs-8: bodyStructure SHALL only be present if Observation.bodySite is not present (bodySite.exists() implies bodyStructure.empty())
2. Observation.implicitRules
Definition

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
Comments

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of its narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

Control0..1
Typeuri
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies its meaning or interpretation
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
4. Observation.contained
Definition

These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. This is allowed to be a Parameters resource if and only if it is referenced by a resource that provides context/meaning.

ShortContained, inline Resources
Comments

This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags in their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

Control0..*
This element is affected by the following invariants: dom-2, dom-4, dom-3, dom-5
TypeResource
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supportfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesinline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
6. Observation.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Must Supportfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
8. Observation.status
Definition

The status of the result value.

Shortregistered | preliminary | final | amended +
Comments

This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ObservationStatushttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|5.0.0
(required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|5.0.0)

Codes providing the status of an observation.

Typecode
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Requirements

Need to track the status of individual results. Some results are finalized before the whole report is finalized.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
10. Observation.category
Definition

A code that classifies the general type of observation being made.

ShortClassification of type of observation
Comments

In addition to the required category valueset, this element allows various categorization schemes based on the owner’s definition of the category and effectively multiple categories can be used at once. The level of granularity is defined by the category concepts in the value set.

Control0..*
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from ObservationCategoryCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category
(preferred to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category)

Codes for high level observation categories.

TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Used for filtering what observations are retrieved and displayed.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
12. Observation.category.coding
Definition

A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

ShortCode defined by a terminology system
Comments

Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

Control0..*
TypeCoding
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Observation.category.coding. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • pattern @ $this
  • 14. Observation.category.coding:obscat
    Slice Nameobscat
    Definition

    A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.

    ShortCode defined by a terminology system
    Comments

    Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information. Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.

    Control0..*
    BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from For codes, see Observation Category
    (required to https://fhir.ee/ValueSet/observation-category)
    TypeCoding
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    16. Observation.category.coding:obscat.system
    Definition

    The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.

    ShortIdentity of the terminology system
    Comments

    The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should be an absolute reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.

    Control0..1
    Typeuri
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.

    Fixed Valuehttp://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    18. Observation.code
    Definition

    Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "name".

    ShortType of observation (code / type)
    Comments

    All code-value and, if present, component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

    Control1..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-7
    BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
    (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

    Codes identifying names of simple observations.

    TypeCodeableConcept
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

    Alternate NamesName
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    20. Observation.subject
    Definition

    The patient, or group of patients, location, device, organization, procedure or practitioner this observation is about and into whose or what record the observation is placed. If the actual focus of the observation is different from the subject (or a sample of, part, or region of the subject), the focus element or the code itself specifies the actual focus of the observation.

    ShortWho and/or what the observation is about
    Comments

    One would expect this element to be a cardinality of 1..1. The only circumstance in which the subject can be missing is when the observation is made by a device that does not know the patient. In this case, the observation SHALL be matched to a patient through some context/channel matching technique, and at this point, the observation should be updated. The subject of an Observation may in some cases be a procedure. This supports the regulatory inspection use case where observations are captured during inspections of a procedure that is being performed (independent of any particular patient or whether patient related at all).

    Control0..1
    TypeReference(EEBase Patient, Group, Device, EEBase Location, EEBase Organization, Procedure, EEBase Practitioner, Medication, Substance, BiologicallyDerivedProduct, NutritionProduct, Patient, Location, Organization, Practitioner)
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Must Support TypesNo must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Observations have no value if you don't know who or what they're about.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    22. Observation.encounter
    Definition

    The healthcare event (e.g. a patient and healthcare provider interaction) during which this observation is made.

    ShortHealthcare event during which this observation is made
    Comments

    This will typically be the encounter the event occurred within, but some events may be initiated prior to or after the official completion of an encounter but still be tied to the context of the encounter (e.g. pre-admission laboratory tests).

    Control0..1
    TypeReference(EEBase Encounter, Encounter)
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    For some observations it may be important to know the link between an observation and a particular encounter.

    Alternate NamesContext
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    24. Observation.effective[x]
    Definition

    The time or time-period the observed value is asserted as being true. For biological subjects - e.g. human patients - this is usually called the "physiologically relevant time". This is usually either the time of the procedure or of specimen collection, but very often the source of the date/time is not known, only the date/time itself.

    ShortClinically relevant time/time-period for observation
    Comments

    At least a date should be present unless this observation is a historical report. For recording imprecise or "fuzzy" times (For example, a blood glucose measurement taken "after breakfast") use the Timing datatype which allow the measurement to be tied to regular life events.

    Control0..1
    TypeChoice of: dateTime, Period, Timing, instant
    [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Must Supporttrue
    Must Support TypesNo must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Knowing when an observation was deemed true is important to its relevance as well as determining trends.

    Alternate NamesOccurrence
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    26. Observation.performer
    Definition

    Who was responsible for asserting the observed value as "true".

    ShortWho is responsible for the observation
    Control0..*
    TypeReference(EEBase Practitioner, EEBase PractitionerRole, EEBase Organization, CareTeam, EEBase Patient, EEBase RelatedPerson, Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Organization, Patient, RelatedPerson)
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Must Support TypesNo must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    May give a degree of confidence in the observation and also indicates where follow-up questions should be directed.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    28. Observation.value[x]
    Definition

    The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.

    ShortActual result
    Comments
    • An observation may have:
      1. a single value here
      2. both a value and a set of related or component values
      3. only a set of related or component values.
    • If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by the code.
    • CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the code defines a coded value.
    • Attachment is used if the observation result value is a binary file such as an image. If the observation result value is derived from the binary file (for example 'X' detected and here is the the proof in this image), the binary file may be directly represented using DocumentReference and referenced by derivedFrom.
    • The usage of valueReference is restricted to the MolecularSequence resource when used as a definitional resource, not as a patient-specific finding. .
    • For additional guidance, see the Notes section below.
    Control0..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-7, obs-6
    TypeChoice of: Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period, Attachment, Reference(MolecularSequence)
    [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Must Supporttrue
    Must Support TypesNo must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    30. Observation.dataAbsentReason
    Definition

    Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.value[x] is missing.

    ShortWhy the result is missing
    Comments

    Null or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "specimen unsatisfactory".

    The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Note that an observation may only be reported if there are values to report. For example differential cell counts values may be reported only when > 0. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for null or exceptional values.

    Control0..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6
    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReasonhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason
    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason)

    Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

    TypeCodeableConcept
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Summaryfalse
    Requirements

    For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    32. Observation.interpretation
    Definition

    A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal.

    ShortHigh, low, normal, etc
    Comments

    Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result.

    Control0..*
    BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation
    (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation)

    Codes identifying interpretations of observations.

    TypeCodeableConcept
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Summaryfalse
    Requirements

    For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.

    Alternate NamesAbnormal Flag
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    34. Observation.bodySite
    Definition

    Indicates the site on the subject's body where the observation was made (i.e. the target site).

    ShortObserved body part
    Comments

    Only used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code. In many systems, this may be represented as a related observation instead of an inline component.

    Control0..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-8
    BindingFor example codes, see SNOMEDCTBodyStructureshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site
    (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site)

    SNOMED CT Body site concepts

    TypeCodeableConcept
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Summaryfalse
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    36. Observation.bodyStructure
    Definition

    Indicates the body structure on the subject's body where the observation was made (i.e. the target site).

    ShortObserved body structure
    Comments

    Only used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code or bodySite is used. In many systems, this may be represented as a related observation instead of an inline component.

    Control0..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-8
    TypeReference(BodyStructure)
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Summaryfalse
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    38. Observation.specimen
    Definition

    The specimen that was used when this observation was made.

    ShortSpecimen used for this observation
    Comments

    Should only be used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code. Observations are not made on specimens themselves; they are made on a subject, but in many cases by the means of a specimen. Note that although specimens are often involved, they are not always tracked and reported explicitly. Also note that observation resources may be used in contexts that track the specimen explicitly (e.g. Diagnostic Report).

    Control0..1
    TypeReference(Specimen, Group)
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Must Support TypesNo must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
    Summaryfalse
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    obs-9: If Observation.specimen is a reference to Group, the group can only have specimens ((reference.resolve().exists() and reference.resolve() is Group) implies reference.resolve().member.entity.resolve().all($this is Specimen))
    40. Observation.hasMember
    Definition

    This observation is a group observation (e.g. a battery, a panel of tests, a set of vital sign measurements) that includes the target as a member of the group.

    ShortRelated resource that belongs to the Observation group
    Comments

    When using this element, an observation will typically have either a value or a set of related resources, although both may be present in some cases. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below. Note that a system may calculate results from QuestionnaireResponse into a final score and represent the score as an Observation.


    When using this element, an observation will typically have either a value or a set of related resources, although both may be present in some cases. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below. Note that a system may calculate results from QuestionnaireResponse into a final score and represent the score as an Observation.

    Control0..*
    TypeReference(QuestionnaireResponse, MolecularSequence, EEBase Observation, Observation)
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summarytrue
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    42. Observation.derivedFrom
    Definition

    The target resource that represents a measurement from which this observation value is derived. For example, a calculated anion gap or a fetal measurement based on an ultrasound image.

    ShortRelated resource from which the observation is made
    Comments

    All the reference choices that are listed in this element can represent clinical observations and other measurements that may be the source for a derived value. The most common reference will be another Observation. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below.

    Control0..*
    TypeReference(DocumentReference, ImagingStudy, ImagingSelection, QuestionnaireResponse, EEBase Observation, MolecularSequence, GenomicStudy, Observation)
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summarytrue
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    44. Observation.component
    Definition

    Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.

    ShortComponent results
    Comments

    For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below.

    Control0..*
    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-7
    TypeBackboneElement
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    46. Observation.component.modifierExtension
    Definition

    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

    Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

    ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control0..*
    TypeExtension
    Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

    Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    48. Observation.component.code
    Definition

    Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".

    ShortType of component observation (code / type)
    Comments

    All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation.

    Control1..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-7
    BindingFor example codes, see LOINCCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes
    (example to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes)

    Codes identifying names of simple observations.

    TypeCodeableConcept
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supportfalse
    Summarytrue
    Requirements

    Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.

    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))