Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide, published by HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 1.0.0-ballot2 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7/ebm/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

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• Detailed Descriptions
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Resource Profile: MetaanalysisOutcomeDefinition

Profile of Group for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The MetaanalysisOutcomeDefinition Profile is used to express the criteria defining an evidence variable in the role of outcome where the population (dataset) is a set of Evidence Resources. Characteristics define the characteristics of the Evidence Resource to be eligible to be used for this outcome.

Usages:

• Examples for this Profile: MetaanalysisOutcomeDefinition_Mean_difference_in_HbA1c_between_Surgery_and_Medical_Lifestyle_groups_at_end_of_follow_up

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

• Key Elements Table
• Differential Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group	C	0..*	ConceptualCohortDefinition	Group of multiple entities Constraints: cnl-2
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension				Content/Rules for all slices
extension:author		0..*	ContactDetail	Who authored the artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-author
extension:citeAs		0..1	markdown	Citation for this Resource URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/cite-as
extension:relatesTo		0..*	(Complex)	Related artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to
extension:RelatesToWithQuotation		0..*	(Complex)	Related artifact with quoted portion URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to-with-quotation
extension:characteristicExpression		0..1	Expression	Criteria for group membership URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/characteristicExpression
extension:publicationStatus		0..1	CodeableConcept	Publication status URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-publication-status Binding: Cited Artifact Status Type (preferred)
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!Σ	0..1	code	draft | active | retired | unknown Binding: PublicationStatus (required): The lifecycle status of an artifact.
membership	Σ	1..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Binding: GroupMembershipBasis (required): The basis for membership in a group Required Pattern: conceptual
combinationMethod	?!Σ	0..1	code	all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset Binding: GroupCharacteristicCombination (required)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Group.status	required	PublicationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/publication-status|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.membership	required	Pattern Value: conceptual http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-membership-basis|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.combinationMethod	required	GroupCharacteristicCombination http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-characteristic-combination|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
cnl-2	error	Group	Group.type SHALL be defined if Group.membership is either 'definitional' or 'enumerated' : Group.type.exists() or (Group.membership = 'conceptual')
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()

This structure is derived from ConceptualCohortDefinition

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group		0..*	ConceptualCohortDefinition	Group of multiple entities
Documentation for this format

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group	C	0..*	ConceptualCohortDefinition	Group of multiple entities Constraints: cnl-2
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: AllLanguages (required): IETF language tag for a human language Additional Bindings Purpose CommonLanguages Starter
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:author		0..*	ContactDetail	Who authored the artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-author
extension:citeAs		0..1	markdown	Citation for this Resource URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/cite-as
extension:relatesTo		0..*	(Complex)	Related artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to
extension:RelatesToWithQuotation		0..*	(Complex)	Related artifact with quoted portion URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to-with-quotation
extension:characteristicExpression		0..1	Expression	Criteria for group membership URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/characteristicExpression
extension:publicationStatus		0..1	CodeableConcept	Publication status URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-publication-status Binding: Cited Artifact Status Type (preferred)
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
url	ΣC	0..1	uri	Canonical identifier for this Group, represented as an absolute URI (globally unique) Constraints: cnl-1
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for this Group
version	Σ	0..1	string	Business version of the Group
versionAlgorithm[x]	Σ	0..1		How to compare versions Binding: VersionAlgorithm (extensible)
versionAlgorithmString			string
versionAlgorithmCoding			Coding
name	Σ	0..1	string	Label for Group
title	Σ	0..1	string	Name for this Group (human friendly)
status	?!Σ	0..1	code	draft | active | retired | unknown Binding: PublicationStatus (required): The lifecycle status of an artifact.
experimental	Σ	0..1	boolean	For testing only - never for real usage
date	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Date last changed
publisher	Σ	0..1	string	Name of the publisher/steward (organization or individual)
contact	Σ	0..*	ContactDetail	Contact details for the publisher
description		0..1	markdown	Natural language description of the group
useContext	Σ	0..*	UsageContext	The context that the content is intended to support
purpose		0..1	markdown	Why this Group is defined
copyright		0..1	markdown	Use and/or publishing restrictions
copyrightLabel		0..1	string	Copyright holder and year(s)
type	Σ	0..1	code	person | animal | practitioner | device | careteam | healthcareservice | location | organization | relatedperson | specimen | medication | substance | biologicallyDerivedProduct | nutritionProduct Binding: GroupType (required): Types of resources that are part of group.
membership	Σ	1..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Binding: GroupMembershipBasis (required): The basis for membership in a group Required Pattern: conceptual
code	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Use of the Group (and by implication, kind of members) Binding: GroupCode (extensible): A code that describes the kind of group, which usually dictates what kind if entities can be in the group.
managingEntity	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization | RelatedPerson | Practitioner | PractitionerRole)	Entity that is the custodian of the Group's definition
combinationMethod	?!Σ	0..1	code	all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset Binding: GroupCharacteristicCombination (required)
combinationThreshold		0..1	positiveInt	Provides the value of "n" when "at-least" or "at-most" codes are used
characteristic	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Include / Exclude group members by Trait
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Kind of characteristic Binding: ExampleCharacteristicCodes (example): List of characteristics used to describe group members; e.g. gender, age, owner, location, etc.
value[x]	Σ	1..1		Value held by characteristic
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueBoolean			boolean
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueRange			Range
valueReference			Reference(Any)
valueUri			uri
valueExpression			Expression
exclude	Σ	1..1	boolean	Group includes or excludes
description		0..1	markdown	Natural language description of the characteristic
method		0..*	CodeableConcept	Method for how the characteristic value was determined Binding: DefinitionMethod (example)
determinedBy[x]		0..1		Defines the characteristic
determinedByReference			Reference(Device | DeviceDefinition | DeviceMetric)
determinedByExpression			Expression
offset	?!Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference point for comparison Binding: CharacteristicOffset (example)
instances[x]	C	0..1		Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic Constraints: grp-1
instancesUnsignedInt			unsignedInt
instancesRange			Range
duration[x]		0..1		Length of time in which the characteristic is met
durationDuration			Duration
durationRange			Range
period		0..1	Period	Period over which characteristic is tested
timing		0..*	RelativeTime	Timing in which the characteristic is determined
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Group.language	required	AllLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.versionAlgorithm[x]	extensible	VersionAlgorithm http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/version-algorithm From the FHIR Standard
Group.status	required	PublicationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/publication-status|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.type	required	GroupType http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-type|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.membership	required	Pattern Value: conceptual http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-membership-basis|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.code	extensible	GroupCode http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-code From the FHIR Standard
Group.combinationMethod	required	GroupCharacteristicCombination http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-characteristic-combination|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.characteristic.code	example	ExampleCharacteristicCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/example-characteristic-codes From the FHIR Standard
Group.characteristic.method	example	DefinitionMethod http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/definition-method From the FHIR Standard
Group.characteristic.offset	example	CharacteristicOffset http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-offset From the FHIR Standard
Group.member.involvement	example	GroupInvolvement http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-involvement-set From the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
cnl-1	warning	Group.url	URL should not contain | or # - these characters make processing canonical references problematic : exists() implies matches('^[^|# ]+$')
cnl-2	error	Group	Group.type SHALL be defined if Group.membership is either 'definitional' or 'enumerated' : Group.type.exists() or (Group.membership = 'conceptual')
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
grp-1	error	Group.characteristic.instances[x]	Ranges have to be positive : ($this is Range) implies ((low.empty() or ((low.code.exists() or low.value.empty()) and (low.system.empty() or low.system = %ucum) and (low.code.empty() or low.code = '1') and (low.value.empty() or low.value.hasValue().not() or low.value.toString().contains('.').not()) and (low.value.empty() or low.value.hasValue().not() or low.value >= 0))) and (high.empty() or ((high.code.exists() or high.value.empty()) and (high.system.empty() or high.system = %ucum) and (high.code.empty() or high.code = '1') and (high.value.empty() or high.value.hasValue().not() or high.value.toString().contains('.').not()) and (high.value.empty() or high.value.hasValue().not() or high.value >= 0))))

This structure is derived from ConceptualCohortDefinition

Summary

Maturity: 1

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group	C	0..*	ConceptualCohortDefinition	Group of multiple entities Constraints: cnl-2
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension				Content/Rules for all slices
extension:author		0..*	ContactDetail	Who authored the artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-author
extension:citeAs		0..1	markdown	Citation for this Resource URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/cite-as
extension:relatesTo		0..*	(Complex)	Related artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to
extension:RelatesToWithQuotation		0..*	(Complex)	Related artifact with quoted portion URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to-with-quotation
extension:characteristicExpression		0..1	Expression	Criteria for group membership URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/characteristicExpression
extension:publicationStatus		0..1	CodeableConcept	Publication status URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-publication-status Binding: Cited Artifact Status Type (preferred)
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!Σ	0..1	code	draft | active | retired | unknown Binding: PublicationStatus (required): The lifecycle status of an artifact.
membership	Σ	1..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Binding: GroupMembershipBasis (required): The basis for membership in a group Required Pattern: conceptual
combinationMethod	?!Σ	0..1	code	all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset Binding: GroupCharacteristicCombination (required)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Group.status	required	PublicationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/publication-status|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.membership	required	Pattern Value: conceptual http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-membership-basis|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.combinationMethod	required	GroupCharacteristicCombination http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-characteristic-combination|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
cnl-2	error	Group	Group.type SHALL be defined if Group.membership is either 'definitional' or 'enumerated' : Group.type.exists() or (Group.membership = 'conceptual')
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()

Differential View

This structure is derived from ConceptualCohortDefinition

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group		0..*	ConceptualCohortDefinition	Group of multiple entities
Documentation for this format

Snapshot View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Group	C	0..*	ConceptualCohortDefinition	Group of multiple entities Constraints: cnl-2
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: AllLanguages (required): IETF language tag for a human language Additional Bindings Purpose CommonLanguages Starter
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:author		0..*	ContactDetail	Who authored the artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-author
extension:citeAs		0..1	markdown	Citation for this Resource URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/cite-as
extension:relatesTo		0..*	(Complex)	Related artifact URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to
extension:RelatesToWithQuotation		0..*	(Complex)	Related artifact with quoted portion URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to-with-quotation
extension:characteristicExpression		0..1	Expression	Criteria for group membership URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/characteristicExpression
extension:publicationStatus		0..1	CodeableConcept	Publication status URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/artifact-publication-status Binding: Cited Artifact Status Type (preferred)
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
url	ΣC	0..1	uri	Canonical identifier for this Group, represented as an absolute URI (globally unique) Constraints: cnl-1
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for this Group
version	Σ	0..1	string	Business version of the Group
versionAlgorithm[x]	Σ	0..1		How to compare versions Binding: VersionAlgorithm (extensible)
versionAlgorithmString			string
versionAlgorithmCoding			Coding
name	Σ	0..1	string	Label for Group
title	Σ	0..1	string	Name for this Group (human friendly)
status	?!Σ	0..1	code	draft | active | retired | unknown Binding: PublicationStatus (required): The lifecycle status of an artifact.
experimental	Σ	0..1	boolean	For testing only - never for real usage
date	Σ	0..1	dateTime	Date last changed
publisher	Σ	0..1	string	Name of the publisher/steward (organization or individual)
contact	Σ	0..*	ContactDetail	Contact details for the publisher
description		0..1	markdown	Natural language description of the group
useContext	Σ	0..*	UsageContext	The context that the content is intended to support
purpose		0..1	markdown	Why this Group is defined
copyright		0..1	markdown	Use and/or publishing restrictions
copyrightLabel		0..1	string	Copyright holder and year(s)
type	Σ	0..1	code	person | animal | practitioner | device | careteam | healthcareservice | location | organization | relatedperson | specimen | medication | substance | biologicallyDerivedProduct | nutritionProduct Binding: GroupType (required): Types of resources that are part of group.
membership	Σ	1..1	code	definitional | conceptual | enumerated Binding: GroupMembershipBasis (required): The basis for membership in a group Required Pattern: conceptual
code	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Use of the Group (and by implication, kind of members) Binding: GroupCode (extensible): A code that describes the kind of group, which usually dictates what kind if entities can be in the group.
managingEntity	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization | RelatedPerson | Practitioner | PractitionerRole)	Entity that is the custodian of the Group's definition
combinationMethod	?!Σ	0..1	code	all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset Binding: GroupCharacteristicCombination (required)
combinationThreshold		0..1	positiveInt	Provides the value of "n" when "at-least" or "at-most" codes are used
characteristic	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Include / Exclude group members by Trait
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Kind of characteristic Binding: ExampleCharacteristicCodes (example): List of characteristics used to describe group members; e.g. gender, age, owner, location, etc.
value[x]	Σ	1..1		Value held by characteristic
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueBoolean			boolean
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueRange			Range
valueReference			Reference(Any)
valueUri			uri
valueExpression			Expression
exclude	Σ	1..1	boolean	Group includes or excludes
description		0..1	markdown	Natural language description of the characteristic
method		0..*	CodeableConcept	Method for how the characteristic value was determined Binding: DefinitionMethod (example)
determinedBy[x]		0..1		Defines the characteristic
determinedByReference			Reference(Device | DeviceDefinition | DeviceMetric)
determinedByExpression			Expression
offset	?!Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference point for comparison Binding: CharacteristicOffset (example)
instances[x]	C	0..1		Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic Constraints: grp-1
instancesUnsignedInt			unsignedInt
instancesRange			Range
duration[x]		0..1		Length of time in which the characteristic is met
durationDuration			Duration
durationRange			Range
period		0..1	Period	Period over which characteristic is tested
timing		0..*	RelativeTime	Timing in which the characteristic is determined
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Group.language	required	AllLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.versionAlgorithm[x]	extensible	VersionAlgorithm http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/version-algorithm From the FHIR Standard
Group.status	required	PublicationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/publication-status|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.type	required	GroupType http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-type|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.membership	required	Pattern Value: conceptual http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-membership-basis|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.code	extensible	GroupCode http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-code From the FHIR Standard
Group.combinationMethod	required	GroupCharacteristicCombination http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-characteristic-combination|6.0.0-ballot3 From the FHIR Standard
Group.characteristic.code	example	ExampleCharacteristicCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/example-characteristic-codes From the FHIR Standard
Group.characteristic.method	example	DefinitionMethod http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/definition-method From the FHIR Standard
Group.characteristic.offset	example	CharacteristicOffset http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-offset From the FHIR Standard
Group.member.involvement	example	GroupInvolvement http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-involvement-set From the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
cnl-1	warning	Group.url	URL should not contain | or # - these characters make processing canonical references problematic : exists() implies matches('^[^|# ]+$')
cnl-2	error	Group	Group.type SHALL be defined if Group.membership is either 'definitional' or 'enumerated' : Group.type.exists() or (Group.membership = 'conceptual')
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
grp-1	error	Group.characteristic.instances[x]	Ranges have to be positive : ($this is Range) implies ((low.empty() or ((low.code.exists() or low.value.empty()) and (low.system.empty() or low.system = %ucum) and (low.code.empty() or low.code = '1') and (low.value.empty() or low.value.hasValue().not() or low.value.toString().contains('.').not()) and (low.value.empty() or low.value.hasValue().not() or low.value >= 0))) and (high.empty() or ((high.code.exists() or high.value.empty()) and (high.system.empty() or high.system = %ucum) and (high.code.empty() or high.code = '1') and (high.value.empty() or high.value.hasValue().not() or high.value.toString().contains('.').not()) and (high.value.empty() or high.value.hasValue().not() or high.value >= 0))))

This structure is derived from ConceptualCohortDefinition

Summary

Maturity: 1

Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron