Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide
2.0.0-ballot - ballot International flag

Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide, published by HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 2.0.0-ballot built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7/ebm/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: ComparativeEvidenceReportSubject - XML Profile

Page standards status: Draft Maturity Level: 1

XML representation of the comparative-evidence-report-subject resource profile.

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<StructureDefinition xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="comparative-evidence-report-subject"/>
  <text>
    <status value="extensions"/>
    <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p class="res-header-id"><b>Generated Narrative: StructureDefinition comparative-evidence-report-subject</b></p><a name="comparative-evidence-report-subject"> </a><a name="hccomparative-evidence-report-subject"> </a><a name="comparative-evidence-report-subject-en-US"> </a><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana; vertical-align: top;"><tr style="border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana; vertical-align: top"><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views" title="The logical name of the element">Name</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views" title="Information about the use of the element">Flags</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views" title="Minimum and Maximum # of times the element can appear in the instance">Card.</a></th><th style="width: 100px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views" title="Reference to the type of the element">Type</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views" title="Additional information about the element">Description &amp; Constraints</a><span style="float: right"><a href="https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views" title="Legend for this format"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt="doco" style="background-color: inherit"/></a></span></th></tr><tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck1.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_resource.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Resource" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-comparative-evidence-report-subject-definitions.html#Group">Group</a><a name="Group"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">0</span><span style="opacity: 0.5">..</span><span style="opacity: 0.5">*</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="StructureDefinition-evidence-report-subject.html">EvidenceReportSubject</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">Group of multiple entities</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-comparative-evidence-report-subject-definitions.html#Group.characteristic">characteristic</a><a name="Group.characteristic"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">4..<span style="opacity: 0.5">*</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a style="opacity: 0.5" href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/types.html#BackboneElement">BackboneElement</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">Include / Exclude group members by Trait</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck03.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Definition" class="hierarchy"/> Slices for characteristic<a name="Group.characteristic.2"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Content/Rules for all slices</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck035.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice_item.png" alt="." style="background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Item" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-comparative-evidence-report-subject-definitions.html#Group.characteristic:population" title="Slice population">characteristic:population</a><a name="Group.characteristic.3"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..<span style="opacity: 0.5">1</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a style="opacity: 0.5" href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/types.html#BackboneElement">BackboneElement</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">Include / Exclude group members by Trait</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck0343.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vline_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end_slice.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Definition" class="hierarchy"/> Slices for value[x]<a name="Group.characteristic.value_x_"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Content/Rules for all slices</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck03424.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vline_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice_item.png" alt="." style="background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Item" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-comparative-evidence-report-subject-definitions.html#Group.characteristic:population.value[x]:valueReference" title="Slice valueReference">value[x]:valueReference</a><a name="Group.characteristic.value_x_.2"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">0</span><span style="opacity: 0.5">..</span><span style="opacity: 0.5">1</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/references.html">Reference</a>(<a href="StructureDefinition-study-group.html">StudyGroup</a>)</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">Value held by characteristic</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck035.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice_item.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Item" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-comparative-evidence-report-subject-definitions.html#Group.characteristic:intervention" title="Slice intervention">characteristic:intervention</a><a name="Group.characteristic.4"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..<span style="opacity: 0.5">1</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a style="opacity: 0.5" href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/types.html#BackboneElement">BackboneElement</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">Include / Exclude group members by Trait</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck0343.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vline_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end_slice.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice.png" alt="." style="background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Definition" class="hierarchy"/> Slices for value[x]<a name="Group.characteristic.value_x_.3"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Content/Rules for all slices</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck03424.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vline_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice_item.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Item" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-comparative-evidence-report-subject-definitions.html#Group.characteristic:intervention.value[x]:valueReference" title="Slice valueReference">value[x]:valueReference</a><a name="Group.characteristic.value_x_.4"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">0</span><span style="opacity: 0.5">..</span><span style="opacity: 0.5">1</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/references.html">Reference</a>(<a href="StructureDefinition-variable-definition.html">VariableDefinition</a> | <a href="StructureDefinition-exposure-definition.html">ExposureDefinition</a>)</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">Value held by characteristic</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck035.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice_item.png" alt="." style="background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Item" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-comparative-evidence-report-subject-definitions.html#Group.characteristic:comparator" title="Slice comparator">characteristic:comparator</a><a name="Group.characteristic.5"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..<span style="opacity: 0.5">1</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a style="opacity: 0.5" href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/types.html#BackboneElement">BackboneElement</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">Include / Exclude group members by Trait</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck0343.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vline_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end_slice.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Definition" class="hierarchy"/> Slices for value[x]<a name="Group.characteristic.value_x_.5"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Content/Rules for all slices</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck03424.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vline_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice_item.png" alt="." style="background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Item" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-comparative-evidence-report-subject-definitions.html#Group.characteristic:comparator.value[x]:valueReference" title="Slice valueReference">value[x]:valueReference</a><a name="Group.characteristic.value_x_.6"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">0</span><span style="opacity: 0.5">..</span><span style="opacity: 0.5">1</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/references.html">Reference</a>(<a href="StructureDefinition-variable-definition.html">VariableDefinition</a> | <a href="StructureDefinition-exposure-definition.html">ExposureDefinition</a> | <a href="StructureDefinition-comparator-definition.html">ComparatorDefinition</a>)</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">Value held by characteristic</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck024.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_blank.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end_slicer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_slice_item.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Slice Item" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-comparative-evidence-report-subject-definitions.html#Group.characteristic:outcomes" title="Slice outcomes">characteristic:outcomes</a><a name="Group.characteristic.6"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..<span style="opacity: 0.5">1</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a style="opacity: 0.5" href="http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/types.html#BackboneElement">BackboneElement</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="opacity: 0.5">Include / Exclude group members by Trait</span></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="5" class="hierarchy"><br/><a href="https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views" title="Legend for this format"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt="doco" style="background-color: inherit"/> Documentation for this format</a></td></tr></table></div>
  </text>
  <extension
             url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-implements">
    <valueUri
              value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/CanonicalResource"/>
  </extension>
  <extension
             url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fmm">
    <valueInteger value="1"/>
  </extension>
  <extension
             url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg">
    <valueCode value="cds"/>
  </extension>
  <extension
             url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-standards-status">
    <valueCode value="draft"/>
  </extension>
  <url
       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence-report-subject"/>
  <identifier>
    <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/>
    <value value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.40.44.42.14"/>
  </identifier>
  <version value="2.0.0-ballot"/>
  <name value="ComparativeEvidenceReportSubject"/>
  <status value="draft"/>
  <date value="2024-12-19T14:29:51+00:00"/>
  <publisher value="HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support"/>
  <contact>
    <name value="HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support"/>
    <telecom>
      <system value="url"/>
      <value value="http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/dss"/>
    </telecom>
  </contact>
  <description
               value="Profile of Group for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The EvidenceReportSubject Profile is used to define the subject of an EvidenceReport."/>
  <jurisdiction>
    <coding>
      <system value="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm"/>
      <code value="001"/>
      <display value="World"/>
    </coding>
  </jurisdiction>
  <fhirVersion value="6.0.0-ballot2"/>
  <mapping>
    <identity value="w5"/>
    <uri value="http://hl7.org/fhir/fivews"/>
    <name value="FiveWs Pattern Mapping"/>
  </mapping>
  <mapping>
    <identity value="rim"/>
    <uri value="http://hl7.org/v3"/>
    <name value="RIM Mapping"/>
  </mapping>
  <mapping>
    <identity value="interface"/>
    <uri value="http://hl7.org/fhir/interface"/>
    <name value="Interface Pattern"/>
  </mapping>
  <mapping>
    <identity value="objimpl"/>
    <uri value="http://hl7.org/fhir/object-implementation"/>
    <name value="Object Implementation Information"/>
  </mapping>
  <kind value="resource"/>
  <abstract value="false"/>
  <type value="Group"/>
  <baseDefinition
                  value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/evidence-report-subject"/>
  <derivation value="constraint"/>
  <snapshot>
    <element id="Group">
      <path value="Group"/>
      <short value="Group of multiple entities"/>
      <definition
                  value="Represents a defined collection of entities that may be discussed or acted upon collectively but which are not expected to act collectively, and are not formally or legally recognized; i.e. a collection of entities that isn't an Organization."/>
      <comment
               value="If both Group.characteristic and Group.member are present, then the members are the individuals who were found who met the characteristic.  It's possible that there might be other candidate members who meet the characteristic and aren't (yet) in the list.  All members SHALL have the listed characteristics."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <constraint>
        <key value="cnl-2"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human
               value="Group.type SHALL be defined if Group.membership is either 'definitional' or 'enumerated'"/>
        <expression
                    value="Group.type.exists() or (Group.membership = 'conceptual')"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Group"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="conformance.behavior,administrative.group"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="Entity[determinerCode=&quot;GRP&quot; or determinerCode=&quot;GRP_KIND&quot;]"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="interface"/>
        <map value="Participant"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.id">
      <path value="Group.id"/>
      <short value="Logical id of this artifact"/>
      <definition
                  value="The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes."/>
      <comment
               value="Within the context of the FHIR RESTful interactions, the resource has an id except for cases like the create and conditional update. Otherwise, the use of the resouce id depends on the given use case."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Resource.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="id"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.meta">
      <path value="Group.meta"/>
      <short value="Metadata about the resource"/>
      <definition
                  value="The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Resource.meta"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Meta"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.implicitRules">
      <path value="Group.implicitRules"/>
      <short value="A set of rules under which this content was created"/>
      <definition
                  value="A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc."/>
      <comment
               value="Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of its narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Resource.implicitRules"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="uri"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies its meaning or interpretation"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.language">
      <path value="Group.language"/>
      <short value="Language of the resource content"/>
      <definition
                  value="The base language in which the resource is written."/>
      <comment
               value="Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies  to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute)."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Resource.language"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="code"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="Language"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="required"/>
        <description value="IETF language tag for a human language"/>
        <valueSet
                  value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|6.0.0-ballot2"/>
        <additional>
          <purpose value="starter"/>
          <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages"/>
        </additional>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.text">
      <path value="Group.text"/>
      <short value="Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation"/>
      <definition
                  value="A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it &quot;clinically safe&quot; for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety."/>
      <comment
               value="Contained resources do not have a narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied).  This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a &quot;text blob&quot; or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later."/>
      <alias value="narrative"/>
      <alias value="html"/>
      <alias value="xhtml"/>
      <alias value="display"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="DomainResource.text"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Narrative"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="dom-6"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="Act.text?"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.contained">
      <path value="Group.contained"/>
      <short value="Contained, inline Resources"/>
      <definition
                  value="These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. This is allowed to be a Parameters resource if and only if it is referenced by a resource that provides context/meaning."/>
      <comment
               value="This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags in their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels."/>
      <alias value="inline resources"/>
      <alias value="anonymous resources"/>
      <alias value="contained resources"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="DomainResource.contained"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Resource"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="dom-2"/>
      <condition value="dom-4"/>
      <condition value="dom-3"/>
      <condition value="dom-5"/>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="N/A"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.extension">
      <path value="Group.extension"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="value"/>
          <path value="url"/>
        </discriminator>
        <ordered value="false"/>
        <rules value="open"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Extension"/>
      <definition value="An Extension"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="DomainResource.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.extension:author">
      <path value="Group.extension"/>
      <sliceName value="author"/>
      <short value="Who authored the artifact"/>
      <definition
                  value="An individual or organization primarily involved in the creation and maintenance of the artifact."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="DomainResource.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
        <profile
                 value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-author"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ext-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both"/>
        <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.extension:relatedArtifact">
      <path value="Group.extension"/>
      <sliceName value="relatedArtifact"/>
      <short value="Additional documentation, citations, etc."/>
      <definition
                  value="Related artifacts such as additional documentation, justification, dependencies, bibliographic references, and predecessor and successor artifacts."/>
      <comment
               value="Each related artifact is either an attachment, or a reference to another resource, but not both."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="DomainResource.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
        <profile
                 value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-relatedArtifact"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ext-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both"/>
        <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.extension:characteristicExpression">
      <path value="Group.extension"/>
      <sliceName value="characteristicExpression"/>
      <short value="Criteria for group membership"/>
      <definition
                  value="An expression that defines the criteria for group membership. This extension can only be used on a Group resource with a membership of `definitional`. When this expression is used, the Group resource cannot have any characteristic elements; this mechanism is exclusive with characteristics. The result of the expression SHALL be boolean-valued. The expression SHALL be parameterized with a `%context` variable that represents the subject being tested for membership. If evaluation of the expression results in `true`, the subject is considered a member of the group."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="DomainResource.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
        <profile
                 value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/characteristicExpression"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ext-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both"/>
        <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.modifierExtension">
      <path value="Group.modifierExtension"/>
      <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/extensibility.html#modifierExtension)."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="DomainResource.modifierExtension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="N/A"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.url">
      <path value="Group.url"/>
      <short
             value="Canonical identifier for this Group, represented as an absolute URI (globally unique)"/>
      <definition
                  value="An absolute URI that is used to identify this Group when it is referenced in a specification, model, design or an instance; also called its canonical identifier. This SHOULD be globally unique and SHOULD be a literal address at which an authoritative instance of this Group is (or will be) published. This URL can be the target of a canonical reference. It SHALL remain the same when the Group is stored on different servers."/>
      <comment
               value="Can be a urn:uuid: or a urn:oid: but real http: addresses are preferred.  Multiple instances may share the same URL if they have a distinct version.

The determination of when to create a new version of a resource (same url, new version) vs. defining a new artifact is up to the author.  Considerations for making this decision are found in [Technical and Business Versions](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/resource.html#versions).

In some cases, the resource can no longer be found at the stated url, but the url itself cannot change. Implementations can use the [meta.source](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/resource.html#meta) element to indicate where the current master source of the resource can be found."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Allows the Group to be referenced by a single globally unique identifier."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.url"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="uri"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="cnl-1"/>
        <severity value="warning"/>
        <human
               value="URL should not contain | or # - these characters make processing canonical references problematic"/>
        <expression value="exists() implies matches('^[^|# ]+$')"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Group"/>
      </constraint>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.identifier"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.identifier">
      <path value="Group.identifier"/>
      <short value="Business Identifier for this Group"/>
      <definition
                  value="Business identifiers assigned to this participant by one of the applications involved.  These identifiers remain constant as the resource is updated and propagates from server to server."/>
      <comment
               value="Note: This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see [discussion](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/resource.html#identifiers)).  It is best practice for the identifier to only appear on a single resource instance, however business practices may occasionally dictate that multiple resource instances with the same identifier can exist - possibly even with different resource types."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Allows identification of the group as it is known by various participating systems and in a way that remains consistent across servers."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.identifier"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Identifier"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.identifier"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="unique(./id[displayable=&quot;true&quot; and scope=&quot;OBJ&quot;])"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="interface"/>
        <map value="Participant.identifier"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.version">
      <path value="Group.version"/>
      <short value="Business version of the Group"/>
      <definition
                  value="The identifier that is used to identify this version of the Group when it is referenced in a specification, model, design or instance. This is an arbitrary value managed by the Group author and is not expected to be globally unique. For example, it might be a timestamp (e.g. yyyymmdd) if a managed version is not available. There is also no expectation that versions can be placed in a lexicographical sequence without additional knowledge."/>
      <comment
               value="There may be different Groups that have the same url but different versions.  The version can be appended to the url in a reference to allow a reference to a particular business version of the Group with the format [url]|[version]. The version SHOULD NOT contain a '#' - see [Business Version](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/resource.html#bv-format)."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.version"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.version"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.versionAlgorithm[x]">
      <path value="Group.versionAlgorithm[x]"/>
      <short value="How to compare versions"/>
      <definition
                  value="Indicates the mechanism used to compare versions to determine which is more current."/>
      <comment
               value="If set as a string, this is a FHIRPath expression that has two additional context variables passed in - %version1 and %version2 and will return a negative number if version1 is newer, a positive number if version2 and a 0 if the version ordering can't be successfully be determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.versionAlgorithm[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Coding"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="VersionAlgorithm"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="extensible"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/version-algorithm"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.name">
      <path value="Group.name"/>
      <short value="Label for Group"/>
      <definition
                  value="A label assigned to the group for human identification and communication."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Used to identify the group in human communication."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.name"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./name[type=&quot;ST&quot;]"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="interface"/>
        <map value="Participant.name"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.title">
      <path value="Group.title"/>
      <short value="Name for this Group (human friendly)"/>
      <definition
                  value="A short, descriptive, user-friendly title for the Group."/>
      <comment
               value="This name does not need to be machine-processing friendly and may contain punctuation, white-space, etc."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.title"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.status">
      <path value="Group.status"/>
      <short value="draft | active | retired | unknown"/>
      <definition value="The current state of this Group."/>
      <comment
               value="A nominal state-transition diagram can be found in the [Definition pattern](http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/definition.html#statemachine) documentation.

Unknown does not represent 'other' - one of the defined statuses must apply. Unknown is used when the authoring system is not sure what the current status is.

See guidance around (not) making local changes to elements [here](http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/canonicalresource.html#localization)."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Enables tracking the life-cycle of the content and filtering of Groups that are appropriate for use versus not."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.status"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="code"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="This is labeled as &quot;Is Modifier&quot; because applications should not use a retired Group without due consideration"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="PublicationStatus"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="required"/>
        <description value="The lifecycle status of an artifact."/>
        <valueSet
                  value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/publication-status|6.0.0-ballot2"/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.status"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.experimental">
      <path value="Group.experimental"/>
      <short value="For testing purposes, not real usage"/>
      <definition
                  value="A Boolean value to indicate that this Group is authored for testing purposes (or education/evaluation/marketing) and is not intended for genuine usage."/>
      <comment
               value="Allows filtering of Groups that are appropriate for use versus not."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Enables experimental content to be developed following the same lifecycle that would be used for a production-level Group."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.experimental"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="boolean"/>
      </type>
      <meaningWhenMissing
                          value="If absent, this resource is treated as though it is not experimental."/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.class"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.date">
      <path value="Group.date"/>
      <short value="Date last changed"/>
      <definition
                  value="The date (and optionally time) when the Group was last significantly changed. The date must change when the business version changes and it must change if the status code changes. In addition, it should change when the substantive content of the Group changes."/>
      <comment
               value="The date is often not tracked until the resource is published, but may be present on draft content. Note that this is not the same as the resource last-modified-date, since the resource may be a secondary representation of the Group. Additional specific dates may be added as extensions or be found by consulting Provenances associated with past versions of the resource.

See guidance around (not) making local changes to elements [here](http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/canonicalresource.html#localization)."/>
      <alias value="Revision Date"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.date"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="dateTime"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.recorded"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.publisher">
      <path value="Group.publisher"/>
      <short
             value="Name of the publisher/steward (organization or individual)"/>
      <definition
                  value="The name of the organization or individual responsible for the release and ongoing maintenance of the Group."/>
      <comment
               value="Usually an organization but may be an individual. The publisher (or steward) of the Group is the organization or individual primarily responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of the Group. This is not necessarily the same individual or organization that developed and initially authored the content. The publisher is the primary point of contact for questions or issues with the Group. This item SHOULD be populated unless the information is available from context."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Helps establish the &quot;authority/credibility&quot; of the Group.  May also allow for contact."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.publisher"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.witness"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.contact">
      <path value="Group.contact"/>
      <short value="Contact details for the publisher"/>
      <definition
                  value="Contact details to assist a user in finding and communicating with the publisher."/>
      <comment
               value="May be a web site, an email address, a telephone number, etc.

See guidance around (not) making local changes to elements [here](http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/canonicalresource.html#localization)."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.contact"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="ContactDetail"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.description">
      <path value="Group.description"/>
      <short value="Natural language description of the group"/>
      <definition
                  value="Explanation of what the group represents and how it is intended to be used."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.description"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="markdown"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.useContext">
      <path value="Group.useContext"/>
      <short value="The context that the content is intended to support"/>
      <definition
                  value="The content was developed with a focus and intent of supporting the contexts that are listed. These contexts may be general categories (gender, age, ...) or may be references to specific programs (insurance plans, studies, ...) and may be used to assist with indexing and searching for appropriate Groups."/>
      <comment
               value="When multiple useContexts are specified, there is no expectation that all or even any of the contexts apply."/>
      <requirements value="Assist in searching for appropriate content."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.useContext"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="UsageContext"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.purpose">
      <path value="Group.purpose"/>
      <short value="Why this Group is defined"/>
      <definition
                  value="Explanation of why this Group is needed and why it has been designed as it has."/>
      <comment
               value="This element does not describe the usage of the Group. Instead, it provides traceability of &quot;why&quot; the resource is either needed or &quot;why&quot; it is defined as it is.  This may be used to point to source materials or specifications that drove the structure of this Group."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.purpose"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="markdown"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.why[x]"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="objimpl"/>
        <map value="no-gen-base"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.copyright">
      <path value="Group.copyright"/>
      <short value="Use and/or publishing restrictions"/>
      <definition
                  value="A copyright statement relating to the Group and/or its contents. Copyright statements are generally legal restrictions on the use and publishing of the Group."/>
      <comment
               value="The short copyright declaration (e.g. (c) '2015+ xyz organization' should be sent in the copyrightLabel element."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Consumers must be able to determine any legal restrictions on the use of the Group and/or its content."/>
      <alias value="License"/>
      <alias value="Restrictions"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.copyright"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="markdown"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="objimpl"/>
        <map value="no-gen-base"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.copyrightLabel">
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable">
        <valueBoolean value="true"/>
      </extension>
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable">
        <valueBoolean value="true"/>
      </extension>
      <path value="Group.copyrightLabel"/>
      <short value="Copyright holder and year(s)"/>
      <definition
                  value="A short string (&lt;50 characters), suitable for inclusion in a page footer that identifies the copyright holder, effective period, and optionally whether rights are resctricted. (e.g. 'All rights reserved', 'Some rights reserved')."/>
      <comment
               value="The (c) symbol should NOT be included in this string. It will be added by software when rendering the notation. Full details about licensing, restrictions, warrantees, etc. goes in the more general 'copyright' element."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Defines the content expected to be rendered in all representations of the artifact."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.copyrightLabel"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.type">
      <path value="Group.type"/>
      <short
             value="person | animal | practitioner | device | careteam | healthcareservice | location | organization | relatedperson | specimen"/>
      <definition
                  value="Identifies the broad classification of the kind of resources the group includes."/>
      <comment
               value="Group members SHALL be of the appropriate resource type (Patient for person or animal; or Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Device, CareTeam, HealthcareService, Location, Organization, RelatedPerson, or Specimen for the other types.), or a Group of the resources of the appropriate type."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Identifies what type of resources the group is made up of."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.type"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="code"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupType"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="required"/>
        <description value="Types of resources that are part of group."/>
        <valueSet
                  value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-type|6.0.0-ballot2"/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.class"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="person: ./classCode=&quot;PSN&quot;  animal: ./classCode=&quot;ANM&quot;  device: ./classCode=&quot;DEV&quot;  medication: ./classCode=&quot;MMAT&quot; and ./playedRole[isNormalRole() and classCode=&quot;THER&quot;]  food: ./classCode=&quot;FOOD&quot;"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.membership">
      <path value="Group.membership"/>
      <short value="definitional | conceptual | enumerated"/>
      <definition
                  value="Basis for membership in the Group:

* 'definitional': The Group.characteristics specified are both necessary and sufficient to determine membership. All entities that meet the criteria are considered to be members of the group, whether referenced by the group or not. If members are present, they are individuals that happen to be known as meeting the Group.characteristics. The list cannot be presumed to be complete.
* 'conceptual': The Group.characteristics specified are both necessary and sufficient to determine membership. The 'conceptual' Group is a 'definitional' Group in which the Group.type is not bound to FHIR types.
* 'enumerated': The Group.characteristics are necessary but not sufficient to determine membership. Membership is determined by being listed as one of the Group.member."/>
      <requirements
                    value="There are use-cases for groups that define specific collections of individuals, and other groups that define &quot;types&quot; of intended individuals.  The requirements for both kinds of groups are similar, so we use a single resource, distinguished by this element."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.membership"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="code"/>
      </type>
      <patternCode value="conceptual"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupMembershipBasis"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="required"/>
        <description value="The basis for membership in a group"/>
        <valueSet
                  value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-membership-basis|6.0.0-ballot2"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.code">
      <path value="Group.code"/>
      <short value="Use of the Group (and by implication, kind of members)"/>
      <definition
                  value="A code that describes the use of the group. The use of the group usually dictates what kind of entities can be members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="The types of entities that can be members needs to align with Group.type"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.code"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupCode"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="extensible"/>
        <description
                     value="A code that describes the kind of group, which usually dictates what kind if entities can be in the group."/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-code"/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.what[x]"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./code"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.quantity">
      <path value="Group.quantity"/>
      <short value="Number of members"/>
      <definition
                  value="A count of the number of resource instances that are part of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="Note that the quantity may be less than the number of members if some of the members are not active."/>
      <requirements value="Group size is a common defining characteristic."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="0"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.quantity"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="unsignedInt"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./quantity"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.managingEntity">
      <path value="Group.managingEntity"/>
      <short value="Entity that is the custodian of the Group's definition"/>
      <definition
                  value="Entity responsible for defining and maintaining Group characteristics and/or registered members."/>
      <comment
               value="This does not strictly align with ownership of a herd or flock, but may suffice to represent that relationship in simple cases. More complex cases will require an extension."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.managingEntity"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/RelatedPerson"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.witness"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.combinationMethod">
      <path value="Group.combinationMethod"/>
      <short value="all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | except-subset"/>
      <definition
                  value="Used to specify how two or more characteristics are combined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.combinationMethod"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="code"/>
      </type>
      <patternCode value="all-of"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="Changing the combinationMethod from all-of to any other value changes the interpretation of multiple characteristics."/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="CharacteristicCombination"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="required"/>
        <valueSet
                  value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-characteristic-combination|6.0.0-ballot2"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.combinationThreshold">
      <path value="Group.combinationThreshold"/>
      <short
             value="Provides the value of &quot;n&quot; when &quot;at-least&quot; or &quot;at-most&quot; codes are used"/>
      <definition
                  value="Provides the value of &quot;n&quot; when &quot;at-least&quot; or &quot;at-most&quot; codes are used for combinationMethod."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.combinationThreshold"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="positiveInt"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="value"/>
          <path value="code.text"/>
        </discriminator>
        <rules value="open"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Include / Exclude group members by Trait"/>
      <definition
                  value="Identifies traits whose presence r absence is shared by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="All the identified characteristics must be true for an entity to a member of the group."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Needs to be a generic mechanism for identifying what individuals can be part of a group."/>
      <min value="4"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="BackboneElement"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./playedRole[isNormalRole()]/participation[isNormalParticipation() and typeCode=&quot;SBJ&quot;]/act[isNormalAct and classCode=&quot;OBS&quot; and moodCode=&quot;EVN&quot;]"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.id">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="string"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.extension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.extension"/>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.modifierExtension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.modifierExtension"/>
      <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/extensibility.html#modifierExtension)."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <alias value="modifiers"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="BackboneElement.modifierExtension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="N/A"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.code">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
      <short value="Kind of characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A code that identifies the kind of trait being asserted."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need a formal way of identifying the characteristic being described."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupCharacteristicKind"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <description
                     value="List of characteristics used to describe group members; e.g. gender, age, owner, location, etc."/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./code"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.value[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <short value="Value held by characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="The value of the trait that holds (or does not hold - see 'exclude') for members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="For Range, it means members of the group have a value that falls somewhere within the specified range."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="boolean"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Quantity"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="uri"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Expression"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupCharacteristicValue"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <description
                     value="Value of descriptive member characteristic; e.g. red, male, pneumonia, Caucasian, etc."/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./value"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.exclude">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
      <short value="Group includes or excludes"/>
      <definition
                  value="If true, indicates the characteristic is one that is NOT held by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="This is labeled as &quot;Is Modifier&quot; because applications cannot wrongly include excluded members as included or vice versa."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Sometimes group membership is determined by characteristics not possessed."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="boolean"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./valueNegationInd"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.description">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
      <short value="Natural language description of the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A short, natural language description of the characteristic that could be used to communicate the criteria to an end-user."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need to be able to describe characteristics in natural language so that end users can understand the criteria."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="markdown"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.method">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
      <short value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined"/>
      <definition
                  value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="DefinitionMethod"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/definition-method"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
      <short value="Defines the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the characteristic (without using type and value) by either a Reference or an Expression."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceDefinition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceMetric"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Expression"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.offset">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
      <short value="Reference point for comparison"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the reference point for comparison when other than 0."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="If offset is present it must be included to interpret the characteristic value."/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="CharacteristicOffset"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-offset"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.instances[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
      <short value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic"/>
      <definition value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Quantity"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.duration[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
      <short value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met"/>
      <definition value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Duration"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.period">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
      <short value="Period over which characteristic is tested"/>
      <definition
                  value="The period over which the characteristic is tested; e.g. the patient had an operation during the month of June."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Period"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic.timing">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
      <short value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined"/>
      <definition value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="RelativeTime"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <sliceName value="population"/>
      <short value="Include / Exclude group members by Trait"/>
      <definition
                  value="Identifies traits whose presence r absence is shared by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="All the identified characteristics must be true for an entity to a member of the group."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Needs to be a generic mechanism for identifying what individuals can be part of a group."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="BackboneElement"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="true"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./playedRole[isNormalRole()]/participation[isNormalParticipation() and typeCode=&quot;SBJ&quot;]/act[isNormalAct and classCode=&quot;OBS&quot; and moodCode=&quot;EVN&quot;]"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.id">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="string"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.extension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.extension"/>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.modifierExtension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.modifierExtension"/>
      <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/extensibility.html#modifierExtension)."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <alias value="modifiers"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="BackboneElement.modifierExtension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="N/A"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.code">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
      <short value="Kind of characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A code that identifies the kind of trait being asserted."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need a formal way of identifying the characteristic being described."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupCharacteristicKind"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <description
                     value="List of characteristics used to describe group members; e.g. gender, age, owner, location, etc."/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./code"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.code.id">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="id"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.code.extension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.extension"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="value"/>
          <path value="url"/>
        </discriminator>
        <description value="Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url"/>
        <rules value="open"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.code.coding">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.coding"/>
      <short value="Code defined by a terminology system"/>
      <definition
                  value="A reference to a code defined by a terminology system."/>
      <comment
               value="Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information.  Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="CodeableConcept.coding"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Coding"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="v2"/>
        <map value="C*E.1-8, C*E.10-22"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="union(., ./translation)"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="orim"/>
        <map
             value="fhir:CodeableConcept.coding rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.coding"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.code.text">
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable">
        <valueBoolean value="true"/>
      </extension>
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.text"/>
      <short value="Plain text representation of the concept"/>
      <definition
                  value="A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user."/>
      <comment
               value="Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="CodeableConcept.text"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <patternString value="Population"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="v2"/>
        <map value="C*E.9. But note many systems use C*E.2 for this"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./originalText[mediaType/code=&quot;text/plain&quot;]/data"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="orim"/>
        <map
             value="fhir:CodeableConcept.text rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.originalText"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.value[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="type"/>
          <path value="$this"/>
        </discriminator>
        <ordered value="false"/>
        <rules value="closed"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Value held by characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="The value of the trait that holds (or does not hold - see 'exclude') for members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="For Range, it means members of the group have a value that falls somewhere within the specified range."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./value"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.value[x]:valueReference">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <sliceName value="valueReference"/>
      <short value="Value held by characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="The value of the trait that holds (or does not hold - see 'exclude') for members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="For Range, it means members of the group have a value that falls somewhere within the specified range."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/study-group"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./value"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.exclude">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
      <short value="Group includes or excludes"/>
      <definition
                  value="If true, indicates the characteristic is one that is NOT held by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="This is labeled as &quot;Is Modifier&quot; because applications cannot wrongly include excluded members as included or vice versa."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Sometimes group membership is determined by characteristics not possessed."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="boolean"/>
      </type>
      <patternBoolean value="false"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./valueNegationInd"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.description">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
      <short value="Natural language description of the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A short, natural language description of the characteristic that could be used to communicate the criteria to an end-user."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need to be able to describe characteristics in natural language so that end users can understand the criteria."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="markdown"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.method">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
      <short value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined"/>
      <definition
                  value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="DefinitionMethod"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/definition-method"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.determinedBy[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
      <short value="Defines the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the characteristic (without using type and value) by either a Reference or an Expression."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceDefinition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceMetric"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Expression"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.offset">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
      <short value="Reference point for comparison"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the reference point for comparison when other than 0."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="If offset is present it must be included to interpret the characteristic value."/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="CharacteristicOffset"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-offset"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.instances[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
      <short value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic"/>
      <definition value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Quantity"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.duration[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
      <short value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met"/>
      <definition value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Duration"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.period">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
      <short value="Period over which characteristic is tested"/>
      <definition
                  value="The period over which the characteristic is tested; e.g. the patient had an operation during the month of June."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Period"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.timing">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
      <short value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined"/>
      <definition value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="RelativeTime"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <sliceName value="intervention"/>
      <short value="Include / Exclude group members by Trait"/>
      <definition
                  value="Identifies traits whose presence r absence is shared by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="All the identified characteristics must be true for an entity to a member of the group."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Needs to be a generic mechanism for identifying what individuals can be part of a group."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="BackboneElement"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="true"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./playedRole[isNormalRole()]/participation[isNormalParticipation() and typeCode=&quot;SBJ&quot;]/act[isNormalAct and classCode=&quot;OBS&quot; and moodCode=&quot;EVN&quot;]"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.id">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="string"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.extension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.extension"/>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.modifierExtension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.modifierExtension"/>
      <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/extensibility.html#modifierExtension)."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <alias value="modifiers"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="BackboneElement.modifierExtension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="N/A"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.code">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
      <short value="Kind of characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A code that identifies the kind of trait being asserted."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need a formal way of identifying the characteristic being described."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupCharacteristicKind"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <description
                     value="List of characteristics used to describe group members; e.g. gender, age, owner, location, etc."/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./code"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.code.id">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="id"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.code.extension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.extension"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="value"/>
          <path value="url"/>
        </discriminator>
        <description value="Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url"/>
        <rules value="open"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.code.coding">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.coding"/>
      <short value="Code defined by a terminology system"/>
      <definition
                  value="A reference to a code defined by a terminology system."/>
      <comment
               value="Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information.  Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="CodeableConcept.coding"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Coding"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="v2"/>
        <map value="C*E.1-8, C*E.10-22"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="union(., ./translation)"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="orim"/>
        <map
             value="fhir:CodeableConcept.coding rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.coding"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.code.text">
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable">
        <valueBoolean value="true"/>
      </extension>
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.text"/>
      <short value="Plain text representation of the concept"/>
      <definition
                  value="A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user."/>
      <comment
               value="Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="CodeableConcept.text"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <patternString value="Intervention or Exposure"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="v2"/>
        <map value="C*E.9. But note many systems use C*E.2 for this"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./originalText[mediaType/code=&quot;text/plain&quot;]/data"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="orim"/>
        <map
             value="fhir:CodeableConcept.text rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.originalText"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.value[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="type"/>
          <path value="$this"/>
        </discriminator>
        <ordered value="false"/>
        <rules value="closed"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Value held by characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="The value of the trait that holds (or does not hold - see 'exclude') for members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="For Range, it means members of the group have a value that falls somewhere within the specified range."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./value"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.value[x]:valueReference">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <sliceName value="valueReference"/>
      <short value="Value held by characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="The value of the trait that holds (or does not hold - see 'exclude') for members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="For Range, it means members of the group have a value that falls somewhere within the specified range."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/variable-definition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/exposure-definition"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./value"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.exclude">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
      <short value="Group includes or excludes"/>
      <definition
                  value="If true, indicates the characteristic is one that is NOT held by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="This is labeled as &quot;Is Modifier&quot; because applications cannot wrongly include excluded members as included or vice versa."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Sometimes group membership is determined by characteristics not possessed."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="boolean"/>
      </type>
      <patternBoolean value="false"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./valueNegationInd"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.description">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
      <short value="Natural language description of the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A short, natural language description of the characteristic that could be used to communicate the criteria to an end-user."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need to be able to describe characteristics in natural language so that end users can understand the criteria."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="markdown"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.method">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
      <short value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined"/>
      <definition
                  value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="DefinitionMethod"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/definition-method"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.determinedBy[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
      <short value="Defines the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the characteristic (without using type and value) by either a Reference or an Expression."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceDefinition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceMetric"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Expression"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.offset">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
      <short value="Reference point for comparison"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the reference point for comparison when other than 0."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="If offset is present it must be included to interpret the characteristic value."/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="CharacteristicOffset"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-offset"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.instances[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
      <short value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic"/>
      <definition value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Quantity"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.duration[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
      <short value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met"/>
      <definition value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Duration"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.period">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
      <short value="Period over which characteristic is tested"/>
      <definition
                  value="The period over which the characteristic is tested; e.g. the patient had an operation during the month of June."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Period"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.timing">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
      <short value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined"/>
      <definition value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="RelativeTime"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <sliceName value="comparator"/>
      <short value="Include / Exclude group members by Trait"/>
      <definition
                  value="Identifies traits whose presence r absence is shared by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="All the identified characteristics must be true for an entity to a member of the group."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Needs to be a generic mechanism for identifying what individuals can be part of a group."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="BackboneElement"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="true"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./playedRole[isNormalRole()]/participation[isNormalParticipation() and typeCode=&quot;SBJ&quot;]/act[isNormalAct and classCode=&quot;OBS&quot; and moodCode=&quot;EVN&quot;]"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.id">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="string"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.extension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.extension"/>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.modifierExtension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.modifierExtension"/>
      <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/extensibility.html#modifierExtension)."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <alias value="modifiers"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="BackboneElement.modifierExtension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="N/A"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.code">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
      <short value="Kind of characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A code that identifies the kind of trait being asserted."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need a formal way of identifying the characteristic being described."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupCharacteristicKind"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <description
                     value="List of characteristics used to describe group members; e.g. gender, age, owner, location, etc."/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./code"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.code.id">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="id"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.code.extension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.extension"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="value"/>
          <path value="url"/>
        </discriminator>
        <description value="Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url"/>
        <rules value="open"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.code.coding">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.coding"/>
      <short value="Code defined by a terminology system"/>
      <definition
                  value="A reference to a code defined by a terminology system."/>
      <comment
               value="Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information.  Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="CodeableConcept.coding"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Coding"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="v2"/>
        <map value="C*E.1-8, C*E.10-22"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="union(., ./translation)"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="orim"/>
        <map
             value="fhir:CodeableConcept.coding rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.coding"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.code.text">
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable">
        <valueBoolean value="true"/>
      </extension>
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.text"/>
      <short value="Plain text representation of the concept"/>
      <definition
                  value="A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user."/>
      <comment
               value="Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="CodeableConcept.text"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <patternString value="Comparator"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="v2"/>
        <map value="C*E.9. But note many systems use C*E.2 for this"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./originalText[mediaType/code=&quot;text/plain&quot;]/data"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="orim"/>
        <map
             value="fhir:CodeableConcept.text rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.originalText"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.value[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="type"/>
          <path value="$this"/>
        </discriminator>
        <ordered value="false"/>
        <rules value="closed"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Value held by characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="The value of the trait that holds (or does not hold - see 'exclude') for members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="For Range, it means members of the group have a value that falls somewhere within the specified range."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./value"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.value[x]:valueReference">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <sliceName value="valueReference"/>
      <short value="Value held by characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="The value of the trait that holds (or does not hold - see 'exclude') for members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="For Range, it means members of the group have a value that falls somewhere within the specified range."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/variable-definition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/exposure-definition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-definition"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./value"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.exclude">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
      <short value="Group includes or excludes"/>
      <definition
                  value="If true, indicates the characteristic is one that is NOT held by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="This is labeled as &quot;Is Modifier&quot; because applications cannot wrongly include excluded members as included or vice versa."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Sometimes group membership is determined by characteristics not possessed."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="boolean"/>
      </type>
      <patternBoolean value="false"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./valueNegationInd"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.description">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
      <short value="Natural language description of the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A short, natural language description of the characteristic that could be used to communicate the criteria to an end-user."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need to be able to describe characteristics in natural language so that end users can understand the criteria."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="markdown"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.method">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
      <short value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined"/>
      <definition
                  value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="DefinitionMethod"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/definition-method"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.determinedBy[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
      <short value="Defines the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the characteristic (without using type and value) by either a Reference or an Expression."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceDefinition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceMetric"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Expression"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.offset">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
      <short value="Reference point for comparison"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the reference point for comparison when other than 0."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="If offset is present it must be included to interpret the characteristic value."/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="CharacteristicOffset"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-offset"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.instances[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
      <short value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic"/>
      <definition value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Quantity"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.duration[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
      <short value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met"/>
      <definition value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Duration"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.period">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
      <short value="Period over which characteristic is tested"/>
      <definition
                  value="The period over which the characteristic is tested; e.g. the patient had an operation during the month of June."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Period"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.timing">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
      <short value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined"/>
      <definition value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="RelativeTime"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <sliceName value="outcomes"/>
      <short value="Include / Exclude group members by Trait"/>
      <definition
                  value="Identifies traits whose presence r absence is shared by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="All the identified characteristics must be true for an entity to a member of the group."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Needs to be a generic mechanism for identifying what individuals can be part of a group."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="BackboneElement"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="true"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./playedRole[isNormalRole()]/participation[isNormalParticipation() and typeCode=&quot;SBJ&quot;]/act[isNormalAct and classCode=&quot;OBS&quot; and moodCode=&quot;EVN&quot;]"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.id">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="string"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.extension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.extension"/>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.modifierExtension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.modifierExtension"/>
      <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/extensibility.html#modifierExtension)."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <alias value="modifiers"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="BackboneElement.modifierExtension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="N/A"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.code">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
      <short value="Kind of characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A code that identifies the kind of trait being asserted."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need a formal way of identifying the characteristic being described."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.code"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupCharacteristicKind"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <description
                     value="List of characteristics used to describe group members; e.g. gender, age, owner, location, etc."/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./code"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.code.id">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="id"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.code.extension">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.extension"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="value"/>
          <path value="url"/>
        </discriminator>
        <description value="Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url"/>
        <rules value="open"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.code.coding">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.coding"/>
      <short value="Code defined by a terminology system"/>
      <definition
                  value="A reference to a code defined by a terminology system."/>
      <comment
               value="Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information.  Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="CodeableConcept.coding"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Coding"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="v2"/>
        <map value="C*E.1-8, C*E.10-22"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="union(., ./translation)"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="orim"/>
        <map
             value="fhir:CodeableConcept.coding rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.coding"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.code.text">
      <extension
                 url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable">
        <valueBoolean value="true"/>
      </extension>
      <path value="Group.characteristic.code.text"/>
      <short value="Plain text representation of the concept"/>
      <definition
                  value="A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user."/>
      <comment
               value="Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="CodeableConcept.text"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="string"/>
      </type>
      <patternString value="Outcomes"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="v2"/>
        <map value="C*E.9. But note many systems use C*E.2 for this"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./originalText[mediaType/code=&quot;text/plain&quot;]/data"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="orim"/>
        <map
             value="fhir:CodeableConcept.text rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.originalText"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.value[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <slicing>
        <discriminator>
          <type value="type"/>
          <path value="$this"/>
        </discriminator>
        <ordered value="false"/>
        <rules value="open"/>
      </slicing>
      <short value="Value held by characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="The value of the trait that holds (or does not hold - see 'exclude') for members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="For Range, it means members of the group have a value that falls somewhere within the specified range."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="boolean"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Quantity"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="uri"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Expression"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupCharacteristicValue"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <description
                     value="Value of descriptive member characteristic; e.g. red, male, pneumonia, Caucasian, etc."/>
      </binding>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./value"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.value[x]:valueReference">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <sliceName value="valueReference"/>
      <short value="Value held by characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="The value of the trait that holds (or does not hold - see 'exclude') for members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="For Range, it means members of the group have a value that falls somewhere within the specified range."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/outcome-list"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./value"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.exclude">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
      <short value="Group includes or excludes"/>
      <definition
                  value="If true, indicates the characteristic is one that is NOT held by members of the group."/>
      <comment
               value="This is labeled as &quot;Is Modifier&quot; because applications cannot wrongly include excluded members as included or vice versa."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Sometimes group membership is determined by characteristics not possessed."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.exclude"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="boolean"/>
      </type>
      <patternBoolean value="false"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="./valueNegationInd"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.description">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
      <short value="Natural language description of the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="A short, natural language description of the characteristic that could be used to communicate the criteria to an end-user."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need to be able to describe characteristics in natural language so that end users can understand the criteria."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.description"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="markdown"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.method">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
      <short value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined"/>
      <definition
                  value="Method for how the characteristic value was determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.method"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="DefinitionMethod"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/definition-method"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.determinedBy[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
      <short value="Defines the characteristic"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the characteristic (without using type and value) by either a Reference or an Expression."/>
      <requirements
                    value="The value of the characteristic is what determines group membership."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.determinedBy[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceDefinition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceMetric"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Expression"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.offset">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
      <short value="Reference point for comparison"/>
      <definition
                  value="Defines the reference point for comparison when other than 0."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.offset"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="If offset is present it must be included to interpret the characteristic value."/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="CharacteristicOffset"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-offset"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.instances[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
      <short value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic"/>
      <definition value="Number of occurrences meeting the characteristic."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.instances[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Quantity"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.duration[x]">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
      <short value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met"/>
      <definition value="Length of time in which the characteristic is met."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.duration[x]"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Duration"/>
      </type>
      <type>
        <code value="Range"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.period">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
      <short value="Period over which characteristic is tested"/>
      <definition
                  value="The period over which the characteristic is tested; e.g. the patient had an operation during the month of June."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.period"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Period"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes.timing">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
      <short value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined"/>
      <definition value="Timing in which the characteristic is determined."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.characteristic.timing"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="RelativeTime"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.member">
      <path value="Group.member"/>
      <short value="Who or what is in group"/>
      <definition
                  value="Identifies the resource instances that are members of the group."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Often the only thing of interest about a group is &quot;who's in it&quot;."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="0"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.member"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="BackboneElement"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="w5"/>
        <map value="FiveWs.subject[x]"/>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map
             value="./scopedRole[isNormalRole() and classCode=&quot;MBR&quot;]/player"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.member.id">
      <path value="Group.member.id"/>
      <representation value="xmlAttr"/>
      <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing"/>
      <definition
                  value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.id"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
          <valueUrl value="string"/>
        </extension>
        <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"/>
      </type>
      <condition value="ele-1"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.member.extension">
      <path value="Group.member.extension"/>
      <short value="Additional content defined by implementations"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Element.extension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="n/a"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.member.modifierExtension">
      <path value="Group.member.modifierExtension"/>
      <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized"/>
      <definition
                  value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)."/>
      <comment
               value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/6.0.0-ballot2/extensibility.html#modifierExtension)."/>
      <alias value="extensions"/>
      <alias value="user content"/>
      <alias value="modifiers"/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="BackboneElement.modifierExtension"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Extension"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <isModifier value="true"/>
      <isModifierReason
                        value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them"/>
      <isSummary value="true"/>
      <mapping>
        <identity value="rim"/>
        <map value="N/A"/>
      </mapping>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.member.entity">
      <path value="Group.member.entity"/>
      <short value="Reference to the group member"/>
      <definition
                  value="A reference to the entity that is a member of the group. Must be consistent with Group.type. If the entity is another group, then the type must be the same."/>
      <min value="1"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.member.entity"/>
        <min value="1"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/CareTeam"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device"/>
        <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Group"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/HealthcareService"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Location"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/RelatedPerson"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Specimen"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.member.involvement">
      <path value="Group.member.involvement"/>
      <short value="Code that describes how user is part of the group"/>
      <definition
                  value="A code that describes how a user is involved in the group. Some groups (e.g. exposure-group) typically don't have variance between members, or it is not tracked, while for other groups (e.g. family, household) this may be meaningful."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="*"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.member.involvement"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="*"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="CodeableConcept"/>
      </type>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
      <binding>
        <extension
                   url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
          <valueString value="GroupInvolvement"/>
        </extension>
        <strength value="example"/>
        <description
                     value="A code that describes how a user is involved in the group"/>
        <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-involvement-set"/>
      </binding>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.member.period">
      <path value="Group.member.period"/>
      <short value="Period member belonged to the group"/>
      <definition
                  value="The period that the member was in the group, if known."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Need to track who was in a group at a  particular time."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.member.period"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="Period"/>
      </type>
      <meaningWhenMissing value="The member is in the group at this time"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.member.inactive">
      <path value="Group.member.inactive"/>
      <short value="If member is no longer in group"/>
      <definition
                  value="A flag to indicate that the member is no longer in the group, but previously may have been a member."/>
      <requirements
                    value="Sometimes you don't know when someone stopped being in a group, but not when."/>
      <min value="0"/>
      <max value="1"/>
      <base>
        <path value="Group.member.inactive"/>
        <min value="0"/>
        <max value="1"/>
      </base>
      <type>
        <code value="boolean"/>
      </type>
      <meaningWhenMissing
                          value="Members are considered active unless explicitly specified otherwise"/>
      <constraint>
        <key value="ele-1"/>
        <severity value="error"/>
        <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children"/>
        <expression
                    value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())"/>
        <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"/>
      </constraint>
      <mustSupport value="false"/>
      <isModifier value="false"/>
      <isSummary value="false"/>
    </element>
  </snapshot>
  <differential>
    <element id="Group">
      <path value="Group"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <min value="4"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <sliceName value="population"/>
      <min value="1"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:population.value[x]:valueReference">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <sliceName value="valueReference"/>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/study-group"/>
      </type>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <sliceName value="intervention"/>
      <min value="1"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:intervention.value[x]:valueReference">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <sliceName value="valueReference"/>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/variable-definition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/exposure-definition"/>
      </type>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <sliceName value="comparator"/>
      <min value="1"/>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:comparator.value[x]:valueReference">
      <path value="Group.characteristic.value[x]"/>
      <sliceName value="valueReference"/>
      <type>
        <code value="Reference"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/variable-definition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/exposure-definition"/>
        <targetProfile
                       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-definition"/>
      </type>
    </element>
    <element id="Group.characteristic:outcomes">
      <path value="Group.characteristic"/>
      <sliceName value="outcomes"/>
      <min value="1"/>
    </element>
  </differential>
</StructureDefinition>