Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide
1.0.0-ballot2 - STU 1 ballot
Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide
1.0.0-ballot2 - STU 1 ballot
Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide, published by HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 1.0.0-ballot2 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7/ebm/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions
@prefix fhir: <http://hl7.org/fhir/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
# - resource -------------------------------------------------------------------
a fhir:Evidence ;
fhir:nodeRole fhir:treeRoot ;
fhir:id [ fhir:v "55"] ; #
fhir:meta [
fhir:versionId [ fhir:v "30" ] ;
fhir:lastUpdated [ fhir:v "2025-03-03T20:46:36.671Z"^^xsd:dateTime ]
] ; #
fhir:text [
fhir:status [ fhir:v "empty" ] ;
fhir:div "<div xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\"><p>[No data.]</p></div>"^^rdf:XMLLiteral
] ; #
fhir:extension ( [
( fhir:extension [
fhir:url [ fhir:v "type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:value [
a fhir:code ;
fhir:v "citation" ] ] [
fhir:url [ fhir:v "targetCanonical"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:value [
a fhir:canonical ;
fhir:v "http://computablepublishing.us/fevir/resources/Citation/4932"^^xsd:anyURI ;
fhir:link <http://computablepublishing.us/fevir/resources/Citation/4932> ] ] ) ;
fhir:url [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to"^^xsd:anyURI ]
] [
( fhir:extension [
fhir:url [ fhir:v "type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:value [
a fhir:code ;
fhir:v "citation" ] ] ) ;
fhir:url [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to"^^xsd:anyURI ]
] [
( fhir:extension [
fhir:url [ fhir:v "type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:value [
a fhir:code ;
fhir:v "citation" ] ] ) ;
fhir:url [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to"^^xsd:anyURI ]
] [
( fhir:extension [
fhir:url [ fhir:v "type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:value [
a fhir:code ;
fhir:v "cite-as" ] ] [
fhir:url [ fhir:v "targetMarkdown"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:value [
a fhir:markdown ;
fhir:v "14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY) [Database Entry: FHIR Evidence Resource]. Contributors: Brian S. Alper, Joanne Dehnbostel, Khalid Shahin [Authors/Creators]. In: Fast Evidence Interoperability Resources (FEvIR) Platform, FOI 55. Published 2020-12-17. Revised 2021-08-23. Available at: https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/55. Computable resource at: https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/55#json." ] ] ) ;
fhir:url [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/relates-to"^^xsd:anyURI ]
] ) ; #
fhir:url [ fhir:v "https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/55"^^xsd:anyURI] ; #
fhir:identifier ( [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v2-0203"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "ACSN" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Accession ID" ] ] ) ;
fhir:text [ fhir:v "FEvIR Object Identifier" ] ] ;
fhir:system [ fhir:v "urn:ietf:rfc:3986"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:value [ fhir:v "https://fevir.net/FOI/55" ] ;
fhir:assigner [
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Computable Publishing LLC" ] ]
] [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "https://gps.health/coka"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:value [ fhir:v "143" ] ;
fhir:assigner [
fhir:display [ fhir:v "COVID-19 Knowledge Accelerator" ] ]
] ) ; #
fhir:version [ fhir:v "4"] ; #
fhir:name [ fhir:v "Fourteen_day_mortality_remdesivir_vs_placebo_meta_analysis_ACTT_1_Wang_et_al_WHO_SOLIDARITY"] ; #
fhir:title [ fhir:v "14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY)"] ; #
fhir:citeAs [ fhir:v "Alper BS, Dehnbostel J, Shahin K. 14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY). Fast Evidence Interoperability Resources (FEvIR) Platform, entry 55, version 4. Created 2020 Dec 17. Revised 2020 Dec 21. Accessed 2021 Mar 13. Computable resource at: https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/55."] ; #
fhir:status [ fhir:v "active"] ; #
fhir:date [ fhir:v "2021-08-23T12:33:29.572Z"^^xsd:dateTime] ; #
fhir:approvalDate [ fhir:v "2020-12-17"^^xsd:date] ; #
fhir:lastReviewDate [ fhir:v "2020-12-21"^^xsd:date] ; #
fhir:author ( [
fhir:name [ fhir:v "Brian S. Alper" ]
] [
fhir:name [ fhir:v "Joanne Dehnbostel" ]
] [
fhir:name [ fhir:v "Khalid Shahin" ]
] ) ; #
fhir:publisher [ fhir:v "Computable Publishing LLC"] ; #
fhir:contact ( [
( fhir:telecom [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "email" ] ;
fhir:value [ fhir:v "support@computablepublishing.com" ] ] )
] ) ; #
fhir:copyright [ fhir:v "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"] ; #
fhir:description [ fhir:v "COVID-19 pneumonia remdesivir vs. placebo 14-day mortality (779 events among 6,744 participants, 3 randomized trials)\nRisk ratio 0.85 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.96) in fixed-effect analysis\nRisk ratio 0.81 (95% CI 0.60 to 1.08) in random-effects analysis"] ; #
fhir:assertion [ fhir:v "Remdesivir might reduce 14-day mortality, but this finding has not been repeated in a second trial (Low certainty)"] ; #
fhir:variableDefinition ( [
fhir:description [ fhir:v "Adults with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to hospital" ] ;
fhir:variableRole [ fhir:v "population" ] ;
fhir:observed [
fhir:reference [ fhir:v "Group/179799" ] ;
fhir:type [ fhir:v "Group"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "MetaanalysisStudyGroup: Effect Estimates for Mortality at 14 days from COVID19 Remdesivir vs. Placebo RCTs (Biegel 2020 data 35/541 vs. 61/521) (Wang 2020 data 15/153 vs. 7/78) (SOLIDARITY data 219/2743 vs. 219/2708)" ] ] ;
fhir:intended [
fhir:reference [ fhir:v "Group/12714" ] ;
fhir:type [ fhir:v "Group"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "COVID-19PneumoniaHospitalizedAdult" ] ] ;
fhir:directnessMatch [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/directness"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "high" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "High quality match between observed and intended variable" ] ] ) ]
] [
fhir:description [ fhir:v "Remdesivir IV 200 mg once then 100 mg once daily for 9 days" ] ;
fhir:variableRole [ fhir:v "exposure" ] ;
fhir:observed [
fhir:reference [ fhir:v "Group/179783" ] ;
fhir:type [ fhir:v "Group"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Remdesivir IV 200 mg once then 100 mg once daily for 9 days" ] ] ;
fhir:intended [
fhir:reference [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable/12717" ] ;
fhir:type [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Remdesivir" ] ]
] [
fhir:description [ fhir:v "Placebo" ] ;
( fhir:note [
fhir:text [ fhir:v "SOLIDARITY trial did not use placebo in control group" ] ] ) ;
fhir:variableRole [ fhir:v "exposure" ] ;
fhir:roleSubtype [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/variable-role"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "referenceExposure" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "reference exposure" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:observed [
fhir:reference [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable/12718" ] ;
fhir:type [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Placebo" ] ] ;
fhir:intended [
fhir:reference [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable/12718" ] ;
fhir:type [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Placebo" ] ]
] [
fhir:description [ fhir:v "Mortality at 14 days" ] ;
fhir:variableRole [ fhir:v "outcome" ] ;
fhir:observed [
fhir:reference [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable/12719" ] ;
fhir:type [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Mortality at 14 days" ] ] ;
fhir:intended [
fhir:reference [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable/12719" ] ;
fhir:type [ fhir:v "EvidenceVariable"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Mortality at 14 days" ] ]
] ) ; #
fhir:studyDesign ( [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "https://fevir.net/sevco"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "SEVCO:01003" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "randomized assignment" ] ] )
] ) ; #
fhir:statistic ( [
fhir:description [ fhir:v "risk ratio 0.85 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.96) in fixed-effect meta-analysis; Test for overall effect Z = 2.52 (p = 0.01); Heterogeneity Chi-squared = 7.33, df = 2 (p 0.03), I-squared = 73%" ] ;
fhir:statisticType [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/statistic-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:version [ fhir:v "0.1.0" ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "C93152" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Relative Risk" ] ;
fhir:userSelected [ fhir:v true ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.85 ] ] ;
fhir:numberOfEvents [ fhir:v "779"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ;
fhir:numberAffected [ fhir:v "779"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ;
fhir:sampleSize [
fhir:numberOfStudies [ fhir:v "3"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ;
fhir:numberOfParticipants [ fhir:v "6774"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ;
fhir:knownDataCount [ fhir:v "6744"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ] ;
( fhir:attributeEstimate [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "C53324" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Confidence interval" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:level [ fhir:v 0.95 ] ;
fhir:range [
fhir:low [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.74 ] ] ;
fhir:high [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.96 ] ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "https://fevir.net/sevco"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "STATO:0000104" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Z-score" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 2.52 ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "C44185" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "P-value" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.01 ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "0000420" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "I-squared" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.73 ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "0000419" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Cochran's Q statistic" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 7.33 ] ] ;
( fhir:attributeEstimate [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "https://fevir.net/sevco"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "STATO:0000069" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Degrees of Freedom" ] ] ) ;
fhir:text [ fhir:v "degrees of freedom" ] ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v "2"^^xsd:decimal ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "C44185" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "P-value" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.03 ] ] ] ) ] ) ;
( fhir:modelCharacteristic [
fhir:code [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/statistic-model-code"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "effectsFixed" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Fixed-effects" ] ;
fhir:userSelected [ fhir:v true ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:applied [ fhir:v true ] ] [
fhir:code [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/statistic-model-code"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "metaAnalysis" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Meta-analysis" ] ;
fhir:userSelected [ fhir:v true ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:applied [ fhir:v true ] ] )
] [
fhir:description [ fhir:v "risk ratio 0.81 (95% CI 0.60 to 1.08) in random-effects meta-analysis; Test for overall effect Z = 1.44 (p = 0.15); Heterogeneity Chi-squared = 7.33, df = 2 (p 0.03), I-squared = 73%; Tau-squared = 0.04" ] ;
( fhir:note [
fhir:text [ fhir:v "We consider the random-effects model more appropriate for interpretation as the true effect of remdesivir is likely different across the different populations represented in each trial." ] ] ) ;
fhir:statisticType [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/statistic-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:version [ fhir:v "0.1.0" ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "C93152" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Relative Risk" ] ;
fhir:userSelected [ fhir:v true ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.81 ] ] ;
fhir:numberOfEvents [ fhir:v "779"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ;
fhir:numberAffected [ fhir:v "779"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ;
fhir:sampleSize [
fhir:numberOfStudies [ fhir:v "3"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ;
fhir:numberOfParticipants [ fhir:v "6774"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ;
fhir:knownDataCount [ fhir:v "6744"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ] ;
( fhir:attributeEstimate [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "C53324" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Confidence interval" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:level [ fhir:v 0.95 ] ;
fhir:range [
fhir:low [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.6 ] ] ;
fhir:high [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 1.08 ] ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "https://fevir.net/sevco"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "STATO:0000104" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Z-score" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 1.44 ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "C44185" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "P-value" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.15 ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "0000421" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Tau squared" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.04 ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "0000420" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "I-squared" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.73 ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "0000419" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Cochran's Q statistic" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 7.33 ] ] ;
( fhir:attributeEstimate [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "defined-in-text" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Defined in text" ] ] ) ;
fhir:text [ fhir:v "degrees of freedom" ] ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v "2"^^xsd:decimal ] ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/attribute-estimate-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "C44185" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "P-value" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:quantity [
fhir:value [ fhir:v 0.03 ] ] ] ) ] ) ;
( fhir:modelCharacteristic [
fhir:code [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/statistic-model-code"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "effectsRandom" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Random-effects" ] ;
fhir:userSelected [ fhir:v true ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:applied [ fhir:v true ] ] [
fhir:code [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/statistic-model-code"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "metaAnalysis" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Meta-analysis" ] ;
fhir:userSelected [ fhir:v true ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:applied [ fhir:v true ] ] [
fhir:code [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/statistic-model-code"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "tauDersimonianLaird" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Dersimonian-Laird method" ] ;
fhir:userSelected [ fhir:v true ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:applied [ fhir:v true ] ] )
] ) ; #
fhir:certainty ( [
fhir:description [ fhir:v "Low certainty due to inconsistency and risk of bias" ] ;
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "Overall" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Overall certainty" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:rating [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-rating"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "low" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Low quality" ] ] ) ] ;
( fhir:subcomponent [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "PublicationBias" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Publication bias" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:rating [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-rating"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "no-concern" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "no serious concern" ] ] ) ] ] [
( fhir:note [
fhir:text [ fhir:v "There is a high degree of heterogeneity (I-squared = 73%). There is also inconsistency in findings between the fixed-effect and random-effects statistical models." ] ] ) ;
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "Inconsistency" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Inconsistency" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:rating [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-rating"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "serious-concern" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "serious concern" ] ] ) ] ] [
( fhir:note [
fhir:text [ fhir:v "Although the random-effects analysis finds an estimate without statistical significance, this imprecision is explained by the inconsistency (heterogeneity) and thus not further downrated in certainty assessment." ] ] ) ;
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "Imprecision" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Imprecision" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:rating [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-rating"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "no-concern" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "no serious concern" ] ] ) ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "Indirectness" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Indirectness" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:rating [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-rating"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "no-concern" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "no serious concern" ] ] ) ] ] [
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-type"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "RiskOfBias" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Risk of bias" ] ] ) ] ;
fhir:rating [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-rating"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "serious-concern" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "serious concern" ] ] ) ] ;
( fhir:subcomponent [
( fhir:note [
fhir:text [ fhir:v "No blinding (no placebo control) in the largest trial" ] ] ) ;
fhir:type [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "https://fevir.net/sevco"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "SEVCO:00035" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "Inadequate blinding of participants" ] ] ) ;
fhir:text [ fhir:v "Lack of blinding" ] ] ;
fhir:rating [
( fhir:coding [
fhir:system [ fhir:v "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-rating"^^xsd:anyURI ] ;
fhir:code [ fhir:v "present" ] ;
fhir:display [ fhir:v "present" ] ] ) ] ] ) ] )
] ) . #
IG © 2024+ HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support. Package hl7.fhir.uv.ebm#1.0.0-ballot2 based on FHIR 6.0.0-ballot3. Generated 2025-04-29
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