2026 US Quality Core Implementation Guide
0.5.0 - cibuild US

2026 US Quality Core Implementation Guide, published by Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC). This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 0.5.0 built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/FHIR/us-quality-core/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

## Resource Profile: USQualityCoreMedicationRequest - Detailed Descriptions

Active as of 2026-05-15

Definitions for the us-quality-core-medicationrequest resource profile.

- Key Elements Table
- Differential Elements Table
- Snapshot Elements Table

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. MedicationRequest
Definition | - An order or request for both supply of the medication and the instructions for administration of the medication to a patient. The resource is called "MedicationRequest" rather than "MedicationPrescription" or "MedicationOrder" to generalize the use across inpatient and outpatient settings, including care plans, etc., and to harmonize with workflow patterns.
Short | Ordering of medication for patient or group
Comments | -
Control | 0..*
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | Prescription, Order
Invariants | dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty()) dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()) dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()) dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty()) dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists()) us-core-21: requester SHALL be present if intent is "order" (`(intent='order' or intent='original-order' or intent='reflex-order'or intent='filler-order' or intent='instance-order') implies requester.exists()`) dom-7: if doNotPerform is present, it SHALL be false (`doNotPerform.empty() or doNotPerform=false`)
2. MedicationRequest.implicitRules
Definition | A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.
Short | A set of rules under which this content was created
Comments | Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.
Control | 0..1
Type | uri
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
4. MedicationRequest.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Summary | false
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
6. MedicationRequest.status
Definition | A code specifying the current state of the order. Generally, this will be active or completed state.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) active | on-hold | cancelled | completed | entered-in-error | stopped | draft | unknownactive | on-hold | cancelled | completed | entered-in-error | stopped | draft | unknown
Comments | This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.
Control | 1..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from medicationrequest Status http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-status|4.0.1 (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-status` ) A code specifying the state of the prescribing event. Describes the lifecycle of the prescription. A coded concept specifying the state of the prescribing event. Describes the lifecycle of the prescription.
Type | code
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
8. MedicationRequest.intent
Definition | Whether the request is a proposal, plan, or an original order.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) proposal | plan | order | original-order | reflex-order | filler-order | instance-order | optionproposal | plan | order | original-order | reflex-order | filler-order | instance-order | option
Comments | It is expected that the type of requester will be restricted for different stages of a MedicationRequest. For example, Proposals can be created by a patient, relatedPerson, Practitioner or Device. Plans can be created by Practitioners, Patients, RelatedPersons and Devices. Original orders can be created by a Practitioner only. An instance-order is an instantiation of a request or order and may be used to populate Medication Administration Record. This element is labeled as a modifier because the intent alters when and how the resource is actually applicable.
Control | 1..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: us-core-21
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from medicationRequest Intent http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-intent|4.0.1 (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-intent` ) The kind of medication order.
Type | code
Is Modifier | true because This element changes the interpretation of all descriptive attributes. For example "the time the request is recommended to occur" vs. "the time the request is authorized to occur" or "who is recommended to perform the request" vs. "who is authorized to perform the request
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
10. MedicationRequest.category
Definition | Indicates the type of medication request (for example, where the medication is expected to be consumed or administered (i.e. inpatient or outpatient)).
Short | (USCDI) Type of medication usageType of medication usage
Comments | The category can be used to include where the medication is expected to be consumed or other types of requests.
Control | 0..*
Binding | For example codes, see medicationRequest Category Codes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-category|4.0.1 (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-category` ) A coded concept identifying the category of medication request. For example, where the medication is to be consumed or administered, or the type of medication treatment.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `MedicationRequest.category`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: pattern @ $this
12. MedicationRequest.category:us-core
Slice Name | us-core
Definition | Indicates the type of medication request (for example, where the medication is expected to be consumed or administered (i.e. inpatient or outpatient)).
Short | (USCDI) Type of medication usageType of medication usage
Comments | The category can be used to include where the medication is expected to be consumed or other types of requests.
Control | 0..*
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from For example codes, see medicationRequest Category Codes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-category|4.0.1 (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-category` ) The type of medication order. Note that other codes are permitted, see Required Bindings When Slicing by Value Sets A coded concept identifying the category of medication request. For example, where the medication is to be consumed or administered, or the type of medication treatment.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
14. MedicationRequest.doNotPerform
Definition | If true indicates that the provider is asking for the medication request not to occur.
Short | True if medication was not requestedTrue if request is prohibiting action
Comments | If do not perform is not specified, the request is a positive request e.g. "do perform".
Control | 0..1
Type | boolean
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because this element negates the request to occur (ie, this is a request for the medication not to be ordered or prescribed, etc)
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Fixed Value | `false`
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
16. MedicationRequest.reported[x]
Definition | Indicates if this record was captured as a secondary 'reported' record rather than as an original primary source-of-truth record. It may also indicate the source of the report.
Short | (USCDI) Reported rather than primary recordReported rather than primary record
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Practitioner, US Quality Core PractitionerRole, US Quality Core Patient, US Quality Core RelatedPerson, Patient, Practitioner, PractitionerRole, RelatedPerson, Organization), boolean
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | Reference boolean
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
18. MedicationRequest.medication[x]
Definition | Identifies the medication being requested. This is a link to a resource that represents the medication which may be the details of the medication or simply an attribute carrying a code that identifies the medication from a known list of medications.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Medication to be takenMedication to be taken
Comments | If only a code is specified, then it needs to be a code for a specific product. If more information is required, then the use of the Medication resource is recommended. For example, if you require form or lot number or if the medication is compounded or extemporaneously prepared, then you must reference the Medication resource.
Control | 1..1
Binding | Unless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from For example codes, see Medication Clinical Drug http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-codes|4.0.1 (extensible to `http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1010.4` )
Type | Choice of: CodeableConcept, Reference(US Core Medication Profile, Medication)
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
20. MedicationRequest.subject
Definition | A link to a resource representing the person or set of individuals to whom the medication will be given.
Short | (USCDI) Who or group medication request is forWho or group medication request is for
Comments | The subject on a medication request is mandatory. For the secondary use case where the actual subject is not provided, there still must be an anonymized subject specified.
Control | 1..1
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Patient, Patient, Group)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
22. MedicationRequest.encounter
Definition | The Encounter during which this [x] was created or to which the creation of this record is tightly associated.
Short | (USCDI) Encounter created as part of encounter/admission/stayEncounter created as part of encounter/admission/stay
Comments | This will typically be the encounter the event occurred within, but some activities may be initiated prior to or after the official completion of an encounter but still be tied to the context of the encounter." If there is a need to link to episodes of care they will be handled with an extension.
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Encounter, Encounter)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
24. MedicationRequest.authoredOn
Definition | The date (and perhaps time) when the prescription was initially written or authored on.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) When request was initially authoredWhen request was initially authored
Control | 0..1
Type | dateTime
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
26. MedicationRequest.requester
Definition | The individual, organization, or device that initiated the request and has responsibility for its activation.
Short | (USCDI) Who/What requested the RequestWho/What requested the Request
Comments | Should include USQualityCoreDevice but the base profile does excludes device references.
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: us-core-21
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Practitioner, US Quality Core PractitionerRole, US Quality Core Patient, Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Organization, Patient, RelatedPerson, Device)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
28. MedicationRequest.reasonCode
Definition | The reason or the indication for ordering or not ordering the medication.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Reason or indication for ordering or not ordering the medicationReason or indication for ordering or not ordering the medication
Comments | This could be a diagnosis code. If a full condition record exists or additional detail is needed, use reasonReference.
Control | 0..*
Binding | Unless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from For example codes, see US Core Condition Codes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/condition-code|4.0.1 (extensible to `http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-condition-code` )
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
30. MedicationRequest.reasonReference
Definition | Condition or observation that supports why the medication was ordered.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) US Quality Core Condition or Observation that supports the prescriptionCondition or observation that supports why the prescription is being written
Comments | This is a reference to a condition or observation that is the reason for the medication order. If only a code exists, use reasonCode.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Condition Encounter Diagnosis, US Quality Core Condition Problems Health Concerns, US Quality Core Simple Observation, Condition, Observation)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
32. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction
Definition | Indicates how the medication is to be used by the patient.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) How medication should be takenHow the medication should be taken
Comments | There are examples where a medication request may include the option of an oral dose or an Intravenous or Intramuscular dose. For example, "Ondansetron 8mg orally or IV twice a day as needed for nausea" or "Compazine® (prochlorperazine) 5-10mg PO or 25mg PR bid prn nausea or vomiting". In these cases, two medication requests would be created that could be grouped together. The decision on which dose and route of administration to use is based on the patient's condition at the time the dose is needed.
Control | 0..*
Type | Dosage
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
34. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
36. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.text
Definition | Free text dosage instructions e.g. SIG.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Free text dosage instructions e.g. SIGFree text dosage instructions e.g. SIG
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Requirements | Free text dosage instructions can be used for cases where the instructions are too complex to code. The content of this attribute does not include the name or description of the medication. When coded instructions are present, the free text instructions may still be present for display to humans taking or administering the medication. It is expected that the text instructions will always be populated. If the dosage.timing attribute is also populated, then the dosage.text should reflect the same information as the timing. Additional information about administration or preparation of the medication should be included as text.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
38. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing
Definition | When medication should be administered.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) When medication should be administeredWhen medication should be administered
Comments | This attribute might not always be populated while the Dosage.text is expected to be populated. If both are populated, then the Dosage.text should reflect the content of the Dosage.timing.
Control | 0..1
Type | Timing
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Requirements | The timing schedule for giving the medication to the patient. This data type allows many different expressions. For example: "Every 8 hours"; "Three times a day"; "1/2 an hour before breakfast for 10 days from 23-Dec 2011:"; "15 Oct 2013, 17 Oct 2013 and 1 Nov 2013". Sometimes, a rate can imply duration when expressed as total volume / duration (e.g. 500mL/2 hours implies a duration of 2 hours). However, when rate doesn't imply duration (e.g. 250mL/hour), then the timing.repeat.duration is needed to convey the infuse over time period.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
40. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
42. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat
Definition | A set of rules that describe when the event is scheduled.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) When the event is to occurWhen the event is to occur
Control | 0..1
Type | Element
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | Many timing schedules are determined by regular repetitions.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) tim-1: if there's a duration, there needs to be duration units (`duration.empty() or durationUnit.exists()`) tim-2: if there's a period, there needs to be period units (`period.empty() or periodUnit.exists()`) tim-4: duration SHALL be a non-negative value (`duration.exists() implies duration >= 0`) tim-5: period SHALL be a non-negative value (`period.exists() implies period >= 0`) tim-6: If there's a periodMax, there must be a period (`periodMax.empty() or period.exists()`) tim-7: If there's a durationMax, there must be a duration (`durationMax.empty() or duration.exists()`) tim-8: If there's a countMax, there must be a count (`countMax.empty() or count.exists()`) tim-9: If there's an offset, there must be a when (and not C, CM, CD, CV) (`offset.empty() or (when.exists() and ((when in ('C' | 'CM' | 'CD' | 'CV')).not()))`) tim-10: If there's a timeOfDay, there cannot be a when, or vice versa (`timeOfDay.empty() or when.empty()`) tim-1: if there's a duration, there needs to be duration units (duration.empty() or durationUnit.exists()) tim-2: if there's a period, there needs to be period units (period.empty() or periodUnit.exists()) tim-4: duration SHALL be a non-negative value (duration.exists() implies duration >= 0) tim-5: period SHALL be a non-negative value (period.exists() implies period >= 0) tim-6: If there's a periodMax, there must be a period (periodMax.empty() or period.exists()) tim-7: If there's a durationMax, there must be a duration (durationMax.empty() or duration.exists()) tim-8: If there's a countMax, there must be a count (countMax.empty() or count.exists()) tim-9: If there's an offset, there must be a when (and not C, CM, CD, CV) (offset.empty() or (when.exists() and ((when in ('C' | 'CM' | 'CD' | 'CV')).not()))) tim-10: If there's a timeOfDay, there cannot be a when, or vice versa (timeOfDay.empty() or when.empty())
44. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.bounds[x]
Definition | Either a duration for the length of the timing schedule, a range of possible length, or outer bounds for start and/or end limits of the timing schedule.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Length/Range of lengths, or (Start and/or end) limitsLength/Range of lengths, or (Start and/or end) limits
Control | 0..1
Type | Choice of: Duration, Range, Period
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
46. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.frequency
Definition | The number of times to repeat the action within the specified period. If frequencyMax is present, this element indicates the lower bound of the allowed range of the frequency.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Event occurs frequency times per periodEvent occurs frequency times per period
Control | 0..1
Type | positiveInt
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Meaning if Missing | If no frequency is stated, the assumption is that the event occurs once per period, but systems SHOULD always be specific about this
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
48. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.frequencyMax
Definition | If present, indicates that the frequency is a range - so to repeat between [frequency] and [frequencyMax] times within the period or period range.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Event occurs frequencyMax times per periodEvent occurs up to frequencyMax times per period
Control | 0..1
Type | positiveInt
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
50. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.period
Definition | Indicates the duration of time over which repetitions are to occur; e.g. to express "3 times per day", 3 would be the frequency and "1 day" would be the period. If periodMax is present, this element indicates the lower bound of the allowed range of the period length.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Event occurs frequency times per periodEvent occurs frequency times per period
Control | 0..1
Type | decimal
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
52. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.periodMax
Definition | If present, indicates that the period is a range from [period] to [periodMax], allowing expressing concepts such as "do this once every 3-5 days.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Upper limit of period (3-4 hours)Upper limit of period (3-4 hours)
Control | 0..1
Type | decimal
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
54. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.periodUnit
Definition | The units of time for the period in UCUM units.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) s | min | h | d | wk | mo | a - unit of time (UCUM)s | min | h | d | wk | mo | a - unit of time (UCUM)
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from UnitsOfTime http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/units-of-time|4.0.1 (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/units-of-time|4.0.1` ) A unit of time (units from UCUM).
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
56. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.asNeeded[x]
Definition | Indicates whether the Medication is only taken when needed within a specific dosing schedule (Boolean option), or it indicates the precondition for taking the Medication (CodeableConcept).
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Take "as needed" (for x)Take "as needed" (for x)
Comments | Can express "as needed" without a reason by setting the Boolean = True. In this case the CodeableConcept is not populated. Or you can express "as needed" with a reason by including the CodeableConcept. In this case the Boolean is assumed to be True. If you set the Boolean to False, then the dose is given according to the schedule and is not "prn" or "as needed".
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTMedicationAsNeededReasonCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-as-needed-reason|4.0.1 (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-as-needed-reason` ) A coded concept identifying the precondition that should be met or evaluated prior to consuming or administering a medication dose. For example "pain", "30 minutes prior to sexual intercourse", "on flare-up" etc.
Type | Choice of: boolean, CodeableConcept
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
58. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.route
Definition | How drug should enter body.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) How drug should enter bodyHow drug should enter body
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTRouteCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/route-codes|4.0.1 (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/route-codes` ) A coded concept describing the route or physiological path of administration of a therapeutic agent into or onto the body of a subject.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | A code specifying the route or physiological path of administration of a therapeutic agent into or onto a patient's body.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
60. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate
Definition | The amount of medication administered.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Amount of medication administeredAmount of medication administered
Control | 0..*
Type | Element
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
62. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate.dose[x]
Definition | Amount of medication per dose.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Amount of medication per doseAmount of medication per dose
Comments | Note that this specifies the quantity of the specified medication, not the quantity for each active ingredient(s). Each ingredient amount can be communicated in the Medication resource. For example, if one wants to communicate that a tablet was 375 mg, where the dose was one tablet, you can use the Medication resource to document that the tablet was comprised of 375 mg of drug XYZ. Alternatively if the dose was 375 mg, then you may only need to use the Medication resource to indicate this was a tablet. If the example were an IV such as dopamine and you wanted to communicate that 400mg of dopamine was mixed in 500 ml of some IV solution, then this would all be communicated in the Medication resource. If the administration is not intended to be instantaneous (rate is present or timing has a duration), this can be specified to convey the total amount to be administered over the period of time as indicated by the schedule e.g. 500 ml in dose, with timing used to convey that this should be done over 4 hours.
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from For codes, see Common UCUM units (preferred to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-common` )
Additional Bindings | Purpose
UCUMCodes | Max Binding
Type | Choice of: Quantity(SimpleQuantity), Range
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | Quantity Range
Summary | true
Requirements | The amount of therapeutic or other substance given at one administration event.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
64. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest
Definition | Indicates the specific details for the dispense or medication supply part of a medication request (also known as a Medication Prescription or Medication Order). Note that this information is not always sent with the order. There may be in some settings (e.g. hospitals) institutional or system support for completing the dispense details in the pharmacy department.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Medication supply authorizationMedication supply authorization
Control | 0..1
Type | BackboneElement
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
66. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
68. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.initialFill
Definition | Indicates the quantity or duration for the first dispense of the medication.
Short | First fill details
Comments | If populating this element, either the quantity or the duration must be included.
Control | 0..01
Type | BackboneElement
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
71. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.dispenseInterval
Definition | The minimum period of time that must occur between dispenses of the medication.
Short | Minimum period of time between dispenses
Control | 0..1
Type | Duration
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
73. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.validityPeriod
Definition | This indicates the validity period of a prescription (stale dating the Prescription).
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Time period supply is authorized forTime period supply is authorized for
Comments | It reflects the prescribers' perspective for the validity of the prescription. Dispenses must not be made against the prescription outside of this period. The lower-bound of the Dispensing Window signifies the earliest date that the prescription can be filled for the first time. If an upper-bound is not specified then the Prescription is open-ended or will default to a stale-date based on regulations.
Control | 0..1
Type | Period
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Requirements | Indicates when the Prescription becomes valid, and when it ceases to be a dispensable Prescription.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
75. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.numberOfRepeatsAllowed
Definition | An integer indicating the number of times, in addition to the original dispense, (aka refills or repeats) that the patient can receive the prescribed medication. Usage Notes: This integer does not include the original order dispense. This means that if an order indicates dispense 30 tablets plus "3 repeats", then the order can be dispensed a total of 4 times and the patient can receive a total of 120 tablets. A prescriber may explicitly say that zero refills are permitted after the initial dispense.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Number of refills authorizedNumber of refills authorized
Comments | If displaying "number of authorized fills", add 1 to this number.
Control | 0..1
Type | unsignedInt
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
77. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.quantity
Definition | The amount that is to be dispensed for one fill.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Amount of medication to supply per dispenseAmount of medication to supply per dispense
Control | 0..1
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity, SimpleQuantity)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
79. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.expectedSupplyDuration
Definition | Identifies the period time over which the supplied product is expected to be used, or the length of time the dispense is expected to last.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Number of days supply per dispenseNumber of days supply per dispense
Comments | In some situations, this attribute may be used instead of quantity to identify the amount supplied by how long it is expected to last, rather than the physical quantity issued, e.g. 90 days supply of medication (based on an ordered dosage). When possible, it is always better to specify quantity, as this tends to be more precise. expectedSupplyDuration will always be an estimate that can be influenced by external factors.
Control | 0..1
Type | Duration
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. MedicationRequest
Short | Ordering of medication for patient or group
Invariants | dom-7: if doNotPerform is present, it SHALL be false (`doNotPerform.empty() or doNotPerform=false`)
2. MedicationRequest.status
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) active | on-hold | cancelled | completed | entered-in-error | stopped | draft | unknown
4. MedicationRequest.intent
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) proposal | plan | order | original-order | reflex-order | filler-order | instance-order | option
6. MedicationRequest.doNotPerform
Short | True if medication was not requested
Control | 0..1
Type | boolean
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Fixed Value | `false`
8. MedicationRequest.reported[x]
Short | (USCDI) Reported rather than primary record
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Practitioner, US Quality Core PractitionerRole, US Quality Core Patient, US Quality Core RelatedPerson), boolean
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
10. MedicationRequest.medication[x]
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Medication to be taken
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
12. MedicationRequest.subject
Short | (USCDI) Who or group medication request is for
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Patient)
14. MedicationRequest.encounter
Short | (USCDI) Encounter created as part of encounter/admission/stay
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Encounter)
16. MedicationRequest.authoredOn
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) When request was initially authored
Control | 0..1
18. MedicationRequest.requester
Short | (USCDI) Who/What requested the Request
Comments | Should include USQualityCoreDevice but the base profile does excludes device references.
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Practitioner, US Quality Core PractitionerRole, US Quality Core Patient)
20. MedicationRequest.reasonCode
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Reason or indication for ordering or not ordering the medication
22. MedicationRequest.reasonReference
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) US Quality Core Condition or Observation that supports the prescription
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Condition Encounter Diagnosis, US Quality Core Condition Problems Health Concerns, US Quality Core Simple Observation)
24. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) How medication should be taken
26. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.text
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Free text dosage instructions e.g. SIG
28. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) When medication should be administered
30. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) When the event is to occur
32. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.bounds[x]
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Length/Range of lengths, or (Start and/or end) limits
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
34. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.frequency
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Event occurs frequency times per period
36. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.frequencyMax
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Event occurs frequencyMax times per period
38. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.period
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Event occurs frequency times per period
40. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.periodMax
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Upper limit of period (3-4 hours)
42. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.periodUnit
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) s | min | h | d | wk | mo | a - unit of time (UCUM)
44. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.asNeeded[x]
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Take "as needed" (for x)
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
46. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.route
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) How drug should enter body
48. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Amount of medication administered
50. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate.dose[x]
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Amount of medication per dose
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
52. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Medication supply authorization
54. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.initialFill
Control | 0..0
56. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.dispenseInterval
Short | Minimum period of time between dispenses
58. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.validityPeriod
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Time period supply is authorized for
60. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.numberOfRepeatsAllowed
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Number of refills authorized
62. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.quantity
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Amount of medication to supply per dispense
64. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.expectedSupplyDuration
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Number of days supply per dispense

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. MedicationRequest
Definition | -
Short | Ordering of medication for patient or group
Comments | -
Control | 0..*
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | Prescription, Order
Invariants | dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (`contained.contained.empty()`) dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (`contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`) dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (`contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`) dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (`contained.meta.security.empty()`) dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (`text.`div`.exists()`) us-core-21: requester SHALL be present if intent is "order" (`(intent='order' or intent='original-order' or intent='reflex-order'or intent='filler-order' or intent='instance-order') implies requester.exists()`) dom-7: if doNotPerform is present, it SHALL be false (`doNotPerform.empty() or doNotPerform=false`)
2. MedicationRequest.id
Definition | The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.
Short | Logical id of this artifact
Comments | The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.
Control | 0..1
Type | id
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
4. MedicationRequest.meta
Definition | The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.
Short | Metadata about the resource
Control | 0..1
Type | Meta
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
6. MedicationRequest.implicitRules
Definition | A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.
Short | A set of rules under which this content was created
Comments | Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.
Control | 0..1
Type | uri
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
8. MedicationRequest.language
Definition | The base language in which the resource is written.
Short | Language of the resource content
Comments | Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages (preferred to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages` ) A human language.
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
10. MedicationRequest.text
Definition | A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.
Short | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
Comments | Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.
Control | 0..1
Type | Narrative
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | narrative, html, xhtml, display
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
12. MedicationRequest.contained
Definition | These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.
Short | Contained, inline Resources
Comments | This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.
Control | 0..*
Type | Resource
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
14. MedicationRequest.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
16. MedicationRequest.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Summary | false
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
18. MedicationRequest.identifier
Definition | Identifiers associated with this medication request that are defined by business processes and/or used to refer to it when a direct URL reference to the resource itself is not appropriate. They are business identifiers assigned to this resource by the performer or other systems and remain constant as the resource is updated and propagates from server to server.
Short | External ids for this request
Comments | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier.
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control | 0..*
Type | Identifier
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
20. MedicationRequest.status
Definition | A code specifying the current state of the order. Generally, this will be active or completed state.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) active | on-hold | cancelled | completed | entered-in-error | stopped | draft | unknown
Comments | This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.
Control | 1..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from medicationrequest Status (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-status` ) A code specifying the state of the prescribing event. Describes the lifecycle of the prescription.
Type | code
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
22. MedicationRequest.statusReason
Definition | Captures the reason for the current state of the MedicationRequest.
Short | Reason for current status
Comments | This is generally only used for "exception" statuses such as "suspended" or "cancelled". The reason why the MedicationRequest was created at all is captured in reasonCode, not here.
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see medicationRequest Status Reason Codes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-status-reason` ) Identifies the reasons for a given status.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
24. MedicationRequest.intent
Definition | Whether the request is a proposal, plan, or an original order.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) proposal | plan | order | original-order | reflex-order | filler-order | instance-order | option
Comments | It is expected that the type of requester will be restricted for different stages of a MedicationRequest. For example, Proposals can be created by a patient, relatedPerson, Practitioner or Device. Plans can be created by Practitioners, Patients, RelatedPersons and Devices. Original orders can be created by a Practitioner only. An instance-order is an instantiation of a request or order and may be used to populate Medication Administration Record. This element is labeled as a modifier because the intent alters when and how the resource is actually applicable.
Control | 1..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: us-core-21
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from medicationRequest Intent (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-intent` ) The kind of medication order.
Type | code
Is Modifier | true because This element changes the interpretation of all descriptive attributes. For example "the time the request is recommended to occur" vs. "the time the request is authorized to occur" or "who is recommended to perform the request" vs. "who is authorized to perform the request
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
26. MedicationRequest.category
Definition | Indicates the type of medication request (for example, where the medication is expected to be consumed or administered (i.e. inpatient or outpatient)).
Short | (USCDI) Type of medication usage
Comments | The category can be used to include where the medication is expected to be consumed or other types of requests.
Control | 0..*
Binding | For example codes, see medicationRequest Category Codes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-category` ) A coded concept identifying the category of medication request. For example, where the medication is to be consumed or administered, or the type of medication treatment.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `MedicationRequest.category`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: pattern @ $this
28. MedicationRequest.category:us-core
Slice Name | us-core
Definition | Indicates the type of medication request (for example, where the medication is expected to be consumed or administered (i.e. inpatient or outpatient)).
Short | (USCDI) Type of medication usage
Comments | The category can be used to include where the medication is expected to be consumed or other types of requests.
Control | 0..*
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from medicationRequest Category Codes (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-category` ) The type of medication order. Note that other codes are permitted, see Required Bindings When Slicing by Value Sets
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
30. MedicationRequest.priority
Definition | Indicates how quickly the Medication Request should be addressed with respect to other requests.
Short | routine | urgent | asap | stat
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from RequestPriority (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/request-priority|4.0.1` ) Identifies the level of importance to be assigned to actioning the request.
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
32. MedicationRequest.doNotPerform
Definition | If true indicates that the provider is asking for the medication request not to occur.
Short | True if medication was not requested
Comments | If do not perform is not specified, the request is a positive request e.g. "do perform".
Control | 0..1
Type | boolean
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because this element negates the request to occur (ie, this is a request for the medication not to be ordered or prescribed, etc)
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Fixed Value | `false`
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
34. MedicationRequest.reported[x]
Definition | Indicates if this record was captured as a secondary 'reported' record rather than as an original primary source-of-truth record. It may also indicate the source of the report.
Short | (USCDI) Reported rather than primary record
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Practitioner, US Quality Core PractitionerRole, US Quality Core Patient, US Quality Core RelatedPerson)
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | Reference
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
36. MedicationRequest.medication[x]
Definition | Identifies the medication being requested. This is a link to a resource that represents the medication which may be the details of the medication or simply an attribute carrying a code that identifies the medication from a known list of medications.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Medication to be taken
Comments | If only a code is specified, then it needs to be a code for a specific product. If more information is required, then the use of the Medication resource is recommended. For example, if you require form or lot number or if the medication is compounded or extemporaneously prepared, then you must reference the Medication resource.
Control | 1..1
Binding | Unless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Medication Clinical Drug (extensible to `http://cts.nlm.nih.gov/fhir/ValueSet/2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1010.4` )
Type | Choice of: CodeableConcept, Reference(US Core Medication Profile)
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
38. MedicationRequest.subject
Definition | A link to a resource representing the person or set of individuals to whom the medication will be given.
Short | (USCDI) Who or group medication request is for
Comments | The subject on a medication request is mandatory. For the secondary use case where the actual subject is not provided, there still must be an anonymized subject specified.
Control | 1..1
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Patient)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
40. MedicationRequest.encounter
Definition | The Encounter during which this [x] was created or to which the creation of this record is tightly associated.
Short | (USCDI) Encounter created as part of encounter/admission/stay
Comments | This will typically be the encounter the event occurred within, but some activities may be initiated prior to or after the official completion of an encounter but still be tied to the context of the encounter." If there is a need to link to episodes of care they will be handled with an extension.
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Encounter)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
42. MedicationRequest.supportingInformation
Definition | Include additional information (for example, patient height and weight) that supports the ordering of the medication.
Short | Information to support ordering of the medication
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Resource)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
44. MedicationRequest.authoredOn
Definition | The date (and perhaps time) when the prescription was initially written or authored on.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) When request was initially authored
Control | 0..1
Type | dateTime
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
46. MedicationRequest.requester
Definition | The individual, organization, or device that initiated the request and has responsibility for its activation.
Short | (USCDI) Who/What requested the Request
Comments | Should include USQualityCoreDevice but the base profile does excludes device references.
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: us-core-21
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Practitioner, US Quality Core PractitionerRole, US Quality Core Patient)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
48. MedicationRequest.performer
Definition | The specified desired performer of the medication treatment (e.g. the performer of the medication administration).
Short | Intended performer of administration
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Organization, Patient, Device, RelatedPerson, CareTeam)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
50. MedicationRequest.performerType
Definition | Indicates the type of performer of the administration of the medication.
Short | Desired kind of performer of the medication administration
Comments | If specified without indicating a performer, this indicates that the performer must be of the specified type. If specified with a performer then it indicates the requirements of the performer if the designated performer is not available.
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see ProcedurePerformerRoleCodes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/performer-role` ) Identifies the type of individual that is desired to administer the medication.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
52. MedicationRequest.recorder
Definition | The person who entered the order on behalf of another individual for example in the case of a verbal or a telephone order.
Short | Person who entered the request
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
54. MedicationRequest.reasonCode
Definition | The reason or the indication for ordering or not ordering the medication.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Reason or indication for ordering or not ordering the medication
Comments | This could be a diagnosis code. If a full condition record exists or additional detail is needed, use reasonReference.
Control | 0..*
Binding | Unless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from US Core Condition Codes (extensible to `http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-condition-code` )
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
56. MedicationRequest.reasonReference
Definition | Condition or observation that supports why the medication was ordered.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) US Quality Core Condition or Observation that supports the prescription
Comments | This is a reference to a condition or observation that is the reason for the medication order. If only a code exists, use reasonCode.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(US Quality Core Condition Encounter Diagnosis, US Quality Core Condition Problems Health Concerns, US Quality Core Simple Observation)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
58. MedicationRequest.instantiatesCanonical
Definition | The URL pointing to a protocol, guideline, orderset, or other definition that is adhered to in whole or in part by this MedicationRequest.
Short | Instantiates FHIR protocol or definition
Control | 0..*
Type | canonical
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
60. MedicationRequest.instantiatesUri
Definition | The URL pointing to an externally maintained protocol, guideline, orderset or other definition that is adhered to in whole or in part by this MedicationRequest.
Short | Instantiates external protocol or definition
Control | 0..*
Type | uri
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
62. MedicationRequest.basedOn
Definition | A plan or request that is fulfilled in whole or in part by this medication request.
Short | What request fulfills
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(CarePlan, MedicationRequest, ServiceRequest, ImmunizationRecommendation)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
64. MedicationRequest.groupIdentifier
Definition | A shared identifier common to all requests that were authorized more or less simultaneously by a single author, representing the identifier of the requisition or prescription.
Short | Composite request this is part of
Control | 0..1
Type | Identifier
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | Requests are linked either by a "basedOn" relationship (i.e. one request is fulfilling another) or by having a common requisition. Requests that are part of the same requisition are generally treated independently from the perspective of changing their state or maintaining them after initial creation.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
66. MedicationRequest.courseOfTherapyType
Definition | The description of the overall patte3rn of the administration of the medication to the patient.
Short | Overall pattern of medication administration
Comments | This attribute should not be confused with the protocol of the medication.
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see medicationRequest Course of Therapy Codes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medicationrequest-course-of-therapy` ) Identifies the overall pattern of medication administratio.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
68. MedicationRequest.insurance
Definition | Insurance plans, coverage extensions, pre-authorizations and/or pre-determinations that may be required for delivering the requested service.
Short | Associated insurance coverage
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Coverage, ClaimResponse)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
70. MedicationRequest.note
Definition | Extra information about the prescription that could not be conveyed by the other attributes.
Short | Information about the prescription
Control | 0..*
Type | Annotation
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
72. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction
Definition | Indicates how the medication is to be used by the patient.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) How medication should be taken
Comments | There are examples where a medication request may include the option of an oral dose or an Intravenous or Intramuscular dose. For example, "Ondansetron 8mg orally or IV twice a day as needed for nausea" or "Compazine® (prochlorperazine) 5-10mg PO or 25mg PR bid prn nausea or vomiting". In these cases, two medication requests would be created that could be grouped together. The decision on which dose and route of administration to use is based on the patient's condition at the time the dose is needed.
Control | 0..*
Type | Dosage
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
74. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
76. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.extension`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: value @ url
78. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
80. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.sequence
Definition | Indicates the order in which the dosage instructions should be applied or interpreted.
Short | The order of the dosage instructions
Control | 0..1
Type | integer
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | If the sequence number of multiple Dosages is the same, then it is implied that the instructions are to be treated as concurrent. If the sequence number is different, then the Dosages are intended to be sequential.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
82. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.text
Definition | Free text dosage instructions e.g. SIG.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Free text dosage instructions e.g. SIG
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Requirements | Free text dosage instructions can be used for cases where the instructions are too complex to code. The content of this attribute does not include the name or description of the medication. When coded instructions are present, the free text instructions may still be present for display to humans taking or administering the medication. It is expected that the text instructions will always be populated. If the dosage.timing attribute is also populated, then the dosage.text should reflect the same information as the timing. Additional information about administration or preparation of the medication should be included as text.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
84. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.additionalInstruction
Definition | Supplemental instructions to the patient on how to take the medication (e.g. "with meals" or"take half to one hour before food") or warnings for the patient about the medication (e.g. "may cause drowsiness" or "avoid exposure of skin to direct sunlight or sunlamps").
Short | Supplemental instruction or warnings to the patient - e.g. "with meals", "may cause drowsiness"
Comments | Information about administration or preparation of the medication (e.g. "infuse as rapidly as possibly via intraperitoneal port" or "immediately following drug x") should be populated in dosage.text.
Control | 0..*
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTAdditionalDosageInstructions (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/additional-instruction-codes` ) A coded concept identifying additional instructions such as "take with water" or "avoid operating heavy machinery".
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | Additional instruction is intended to be coded, but where no code exists, the element could include text. For example, "Swallow with plenty of water" which might or might not be coded.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
86. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.patientInstruction
Definition | Instructions in terms that are understood by the patient or consumer.
Short | Patient or consumer oriented instructions
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
88. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing
Definition | When medication should be administered.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) When medication should be administered
Comments | This attribute might not always be populated while the Dosage.text is expected to be populated. If both are populated, then the Dosage.text should reflect the content of the Dosage.timing.
Control | 0..1
Type | Timing
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Requirements | The timing schedule for giving the medication to the patient. This data type allows many different expressions. For example: "Every 8 hours"; "Three times a day"; "1/2 an hour before breakfast for 10 days from 23-Dec 2011:"; "15 Oct 2013, 17 Oct 2013 and 1 Nov 2013". Sometimes, a rate can imply duration when expressed as total volume / duration (e.g. 500mL/2 hours implies a duration of 2 hours). However, when rate doesn't imply duration (e.g. 250mL/hour), then the timing.repeat.duration is needed to convey the infuse over time period.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
90. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
92. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.extension`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: value @ url
94. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
96. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.event
Definition | Identifies specific times when the event occurs.
Short | When the event occurs
Control | 0..*
Type | dateTime
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | In a Medication Administration Record, for instance, you need to take a general specification, and turn it into a precise specification.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
98. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat
Definition | A set of rules that describe when the event is scheduled.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) When the event is to occur
Control | 0..1
Type | Element
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | Many timing schedules are determined by regular repetitions.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) tim-1: if there's a duration, there needs to be duration units (`duration.empty() or durationUnit.exists()`) tim-2: if there's a period, there needs to be period units (`period.empty() or periodUnit.exists()`) tim-4: duration SHALL be a non-negative value (`duration.exists() implies duration >= 0`) tim-5: period SHALL be a non-negative value (`period.exists() implies period >= 0`) tim-6: If there's a periodMax, there must be a period (`periodMax.empty() or period.exists()`) tim-7: If there's a durationMax, there must be a duration (`durationMax.empty() or duration.exists()`) tim-8: If there's a countMax, there must be a count (`countMax.empty() or count.exists()`) tim-9: If there's an offset, there must be a when (and not C, CM, CD, CV) (`offset.empty() or (when.exists() and ((when in ('C' | 'CM' | 'CD' | 'CV')).not()))`) tim-10: If there's a timeOfDay, there cannot be a when, or vice versa (`timeOfDay.empty() or when.empty()`)
100. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
102. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.extension`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: value @ url
104. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.bounds[x]
Definition | Either a duration for the length of the timing schedule, a range of possible length, or outer bounds for start and/or end limits of the timing schedule.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Length/Range of lengths, or (Start and/or end) limits
Control | 0..1
Type | Choice of: Duration, Range, Period
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
106. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.count
Definition | A total count of the desired number of repetitions across the duration of the entire timing specification. If countMax is present, this element indicates the lower bound of the allowed range of count values.
Short | Number of times to repeat
Comments | If you have both bounds and count, then this should be understood as within the bounds period, until count times happens.
Control | 0..1
Type | positiveInt
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | Repetitions may be limited by end time or total occurrences.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
108. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.countMax
Definition | If present, indicates that the count is a range - so to perform the action between [count] and [countMax] times.
Short | Maximum number of times to repeat
Control | 0..1
Type | positiveInt
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
110. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.duration
Definition | How long this thing happens for when it happens. If durationMax is present, this element indicates the lower bound of the allowed range of the duration.
Short | How long when it happens
Comments | For some events the duration is part of the definition of the event (e.g. IV infusions, where the duration is implicit in the specified quantity and rate). For others, it's part of the timing specification (e.g. exercise).
Control | 0..1
Type | decimal
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | Some activities are not instantaneous and need to be maintained for a period of time.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
112. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.durationMax
Definition | If present, indicates that the duration is a range - so to perform the action between [duration] and [durationMax] time length.
Short | How long when it happens (Max)
Comments | For some events the duration is part of the definition of the event (e.g. IV infusions, where the duration is implicit in the specified quantity and rate). For others, it's part of the timing specification (e.g. exercise).
Control | 0..1
Type | decimal
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | Some activities are not instantaneous and need to be maintained for a period of time.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
114. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.durationUnit
Definition | The units of time for the duration, in UCUM units.
Short | s | min | h | d | wk | mo | a - unit of time (UCUM)
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from UnitsOfTime (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/units-of-time|4.0.1` ) A unit of time (units from UCUM).
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
116. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.frequency
Definition | The number of times to repeat the action within the specified period. If frequencyMax is present, this element indicates the lower bound of the allowed range of the frequency.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Event occurs frequency times per period
Control | 0..1
Type | positiveInt
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Meaning if Missing | If no frequency is stated, the assumption is that the event occurs once per period, but systems SHOULD always be specific about this
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
118. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.frequencyMax
Definition | If present, indicates that the frequency is a range - so to repeat between [frequency] and [frequencyMax] times within the period or period range.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Event occurs frequencyMax times per period
Control | 0..1
Type | positiveInt
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
120. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.period
Definition | Indicates the duration of time over which repetitions are to occur; e.g. to express "3 times per day", 3 would be the frequency and "1 day" would be the period. If periodMax is present, this element indicates the lower bound of the allowed range of the period length.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Event occurs frequency times per period
Control | 0..1
Type | decimal
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
122. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.periodMax
Definition | If present, indicates that the period is a range from [period] to [periodMax], allowing expressing concepts such as "do this once every 3-5 days.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Upper limit of period (3-4 hours)
Control | 0..1
Type | decimal
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
124. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.periodUnit
Definition | The units of time for the period in UCUM units.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) s | min | h | d | wk | mo | a - unit of time (UCUM)
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from UnitsOfTime (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/units-of-time|4.0.1` ) A unit of time (units from UCUM).
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
126. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.dayOfWeek
Definition | If one or more days of week is provided, then the action happens only on the specified day(s).
Short | mon | tue | wed | thu | fri | sat | sun
Comments | If no days are specified, the action is assumed to happen every day as otherwise specified. The elements frequency and period cannot be used as well as dayOfWeek.
Control | 0..*
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from DaysOfWeek (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/days-of-week|4.0.1` )
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
128. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.timeOfDay
Definition | Specified time of day for action to take place.
Short | Time of day for action
Comments | When time of day is specified, it is inferred that the action happens every day (as filtered by dayofWeek) on the specified times. The elements when, frequency and period cannot be used as well as timeOfDay.
Control | 0..*
Type | time
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
130. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.when
Definition | An approximate time period during the day, potentially linked to an event of daily living that indicates when the action should occur.
Short | Code for time period of occurrence
Comments | When more than one event is listed, the event is tied to the union of the specified events.
Control | 0..*
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from EventTiming (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/event-timing|4.0.1` ) Real world event relating to the schedule.
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | Timings are frequently determined by occurrences such as waking, eating and sleep.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
132. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.repeat.offset
Definition | The number of minutes from the event. If the event code does not indicate whether the minutes is before or after the event, then the offset is assumed to be after the event.
Short | Minutes from event (before or after)
Control | 0..1
Type | unsignedInt
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
134. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.timing.code
Definition | A code for the timing schedule (or just text in code.text). Some codes such as BID are ubiquitous, but many institutions define their own additional codes. If a code is provided, the code is understood to be a complete statement of whatever is specified in the structured timing data, and either the code or the data may be used to interpret the Timing, with the exception that .repeat.bounds still applies over the code (and is not contained in the code).
Short | BID | TID | QID | AM | PM | QD | QOD | +
Comments | BID etc. are defined as 'at institutionally specified times'. For example, an institution may choose that BID is "always at 7am and 6pm". If it is inappropriate for this choice to be made, the code BID should not be used. Instead, a distinct organization-specific code should be used in place of the HL7-defined BID code and/or a structured representation should be used (in this case, specifying the two event times).
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from TimingAbbreviation (preferred to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/timing-abbreviation|4.0.1` ) Code for a known / defined timing pattern.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
136. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.asNeeded[x]
Definition | Indicates whether the Medication is only taken when needed within a specific dosing schedule (Boolean option), or it indicates the precondition for taking the Medication (CodeableConcept).
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Take "as needed" (for x)
Comments | Can express "as needed" without a reason by setting the Boolean = True. In this case the CodeableConcept is not populated. Or you can express "as needed" with a reason by including the CodeableConcept. In this case the Boolean is assumed to be True. If you set the Boolean to False, then the dose is given according to the schedule and is not "prn" or "as needed".
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTMedicationAsNeededReasonCodes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-as-needed-reason` ) A coded concept identifying the precondition that should be met or evaluated prior to consuming or administering a medication dose. For example "pain", "30 minutes prior to sexual intercourse", "on flare-up" etc.
Type | Choice of: boolean, CodeableConcept
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
138. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.site
Definition | Body site to administer to.
Short | Body site to administer to
Comments | If the use case requires attributes from the BodySite resource (e.g. to identify and track separately) then use the standard extension bodySite. May be a summary code, or a reference to a very precise definition of the location, or both.
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTAnatomicalStructureForAdministrationSiteCodes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/approach-site-codes` ) A coded concept describing the site location the medicine enters into or onto the body.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | A coded specification of the anatomic site where the medication first enters the body.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
140. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.route
Definition | How drug should enter body.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) How drug should enter body
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTRouteCodes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/route-codes` ) A coded concept describing the route or physiological path of administration of a therapeutic agent into or onto the body of a subject.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | A code specifying the route or physiological path of administration of a therapeutic agent into or onto a patient's body.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
142. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.method
Definition | Technique for administering medication.
Short | Technique for administering medication
Comments | Terminologies used often pre-coordinate this term with the route and or form of administration.
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTAdministrationMethodCodes (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administration-method-codes` ) A coded concept describing the technique by which the medicine is administered.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | A coded value indicating the method by which the medication is introduced into or onto the body. Most commonly used for injections. For examples, Slow Push; Deep IV.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
144. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate
Definition | The amount of medication administered.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Amount of medication administered
Control | 0..*
Type | Element
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
146. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
148. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate.extension`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: value @ url
150. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate.type
Definition | The kind of dose or rate specified, for example, ordered or calculated.
Short | The kind of dose or rate specified
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see DoseAndRateType (example to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/dose-rate-type` ) The kind of dose or rate specified.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | If the type is not populated, assume to be "ordered".
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
152. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate.dose[x]
Definition | Amount of medication per dose.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Amount of medication per dose
Comments | Note that this specifies the quantity of the specified medication, not the quantity for each active ingredient(s). Each ingredient amount can be communicated in the Medication resource. For example, if one wants to communicate that a tablet was 375 mg, where the dose was one tablet, you can use the Medication resource to document that the tablet was comprised of 375 mg of drug XYZ. Alternatively if the dose was 375 mg, then you may only need to use the Medication resource to indicate this was a tablet. If the example were an IV such as dopamine and you wanted to communicate that 400mg of dopamine was mixed in 500 ml of some IV solution, then this would all be communicated in the Medication resource. If the administration is not intended to be instantaneous (rate is present or timing has a duration), this can be specified to convey the total amount to be administered over the period of time as indicated by the schedule e.g. 500 ml in dose, with timing used to convey that this should be done over 4 hours.
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from Common UCUM units (preferred to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-common` )
Additional Bindings | Purpose
UCUMCodes | Max Binding
Type | Choice of: Quantity, Range
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | Quantity
Summary | true
Requirements | The amount of therapeutic or other substance given at one administration event.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
154. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.doseAndRate.rate[x]
Definition | Amount of medication per unit of time.
Short | Amount of medication per unit of time
Comments | It is possible to supply both a rate and a doseQuantity to provide full details about how the medication is to be administered and supplied. If the rate is intended to change over time, depending on local rules/regulations, each change should be captured as a new version of the MedicationRequest with an updated rate, or captured with a new MedicationRequest with the new rate. It is possible to specify a rate over time (for example, 100 ml/hour) using either the rateRatio and rateQuantity. The rateQuantity approach requires systems to have the capability to parse UCUM grammer where ml/hour is included rather than a specific ratio where the time is specified as the denominator. Where a rate such as 500ml over 2 hours is specified, the use of rateRatio may be more semantically correct than specifying using a rateQuantity of 250 mg/hour.
Control | 0..1
Type | Choice of: Ratio, Range, Quantity(SimpleQuantity)
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | Identifies the speed with which the medication was or will be introduced into the patient. Typically the rate for an infusion e.g. 100 ml per 1 hour or 100 ml/hr. May also be expressed as a rate per unit of time e.g. 500 ml per 2 hours. Other examples: 200 mcg/min or 200 mcg/1 minute; 1 liter/8 hours. Sometimes, a rate can imply duration when expressed as total volume / duration (e.g. 500mL/2 hours implies a duration of 2 hours). However, when rate doesn't imply duration (e.g. 250mL/hour), then the timing.repeat.duration is needed to convey the infuse over time period.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
156. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.maxDosePerPeriod
Definition | Upper limit on medication per unit of time.
Short | Upper limit on medication per unit of time
Comments | This is intended for use as an adjunct to the dosage when there is an upper cap. For example "2 tablets every 4 hours to a maximum of 8/day".
Control | 0..1
Type | Ratio
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | The maximum total quantity of a therapeutic substance that may be administered to a subject over the period of time. For example, 1000mg in 24 hours.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
158. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.maxDosePerAdministration
Definition | Upper limit on medication per administration.
Short | Upper limit on medication per administration
Comments | This is intended for use as an adjunct to the dosage when there is an upper cap. For example, a body surface area related dose with a maximum amount, such as 1.5 mg/m2 (maximum 2 mg) IV over 5 – 10 minutes would have doseQuantity of 1.5 mg/m2 and maxDosePerAdministration of 2 mg.
Control | 0..1
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | The maximum total quantity of a therapeutic substance that may be administered to a subject per administration.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
160. MedicationRequest.dosageInstruction.maxDosePerLifetime
Definition | Upper limit on medication per lifetime of the patient.
Short | Upper limit on medication per lifetime of the patient
Control | 0..1
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | The maximum total quantity of a therapeutic substance that may be administered per lifetime of the subject.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
162. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest
Definition | Indicates the specific details for the dispense or medication supply part of a medication request (also known as a Medication Prescription or Medication Order). Note that this information is not always sent with the order. There may be in some settings (e.g. hospitals) institutional or system support for completing the dispense details in the pharmacy department.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Medication supply authorization
Control | 0..1
Type | BackboneElement
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
164. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
166. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
168. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
170. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.initialFill
Definition | Indicates the quantity or duration for the first dispense of the medication.
Short | First fill details
Comments | If populating this element, either the quantity or the duration must be included.
Control | 0..0
Type | BackboneElement
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
177. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.dispenseInterval
Definition | The minimum period of time that must occur between dispenses of the medication.
Short | Minimum period of time between dispenses
Control | 0..1
Type | Duration
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
179. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.validityPeriod
Definition | This indicates the validity period of a prescription (stale dating the Prescription).
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Time period supply is authorized for
Comments | It reflects the prescribers' perspective for the validity of the prescription. Dispenses must not be made against the prescription outside of this period. The lower-bound of the Dispensing Window signifies the earliest date that the prescription can be filled for the first time. If an upper-bound is not specified then the Prescription is open-ended or will default to a stale-date based on regulations.
Control | 0..1
Type | Period
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Requirements | Indicates when the Prescription becomes valid, and when it ceases to be a dispensable Prescription.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
181. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.numberOfRepeatsAllowed
Definition | An integer indicating the number of times, in addition to the original dispense, (aka refills or repeats) that the patient can receive the prescribed medication. Usage Notes: This integer does not include the original order dispense. This means that if an order indicates dispense 30 tablets plus "3 repeats", then the order can be dispensed a total of 4 times and the patient can receive a total of 120 tablets. A prescriber may explicitly say that zero refills are permitted after the initial dispense.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Number of refills authorized
Comments | If displaying "number of authorized fills", add 1 to this number.
Control | 0..1
Type | unsignedInt
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
183. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.quantity
Definition | The amount that is to be dispensed for one fill.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) (USCDI) Amount of medication to supply per dispense
Control | 0..1
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
185. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.expectedSupplyDuration
Definition | Identifies the period time over which the supplied product is expected to be used, or the length of time the dispense is expected to last.
Short | (USCDI+ Quality) Number of days supply per dispense
Comments | In some situations, this attribute may be used instead of quantity to identify the amount supplied by how long it is expected to last, rather than the physical quantity issued, e.g. 90 days supply of medication (based on an ordered dosage). When possible, it is always better to specify quantity, as this tends to be more precise. expectedSupplyDuration will always be an estimate that can be influenced by external factors.
Control | 0..1
Type | Duration
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
187. MedicationRequest.dispenseRequest.performer
Definition | Indicates the intended dispensing Organization specified by the prescriber.
Short | Intended dispenser
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(Organization)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
189. MedicationRequest.substitution
Definition | Indicates whether or not substitution can or should be part of the dispense. In some cases, substitution must happen, in other cases substitution must not happen. This block explains the prescriber's intent. If nothing is specified substitution may be done.
Short | Any restrictions on medication substitution
Control | 0..1
Type | BackboneElement
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
191. MedicationRequest.substitution.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
193. MedicationRequest.substitution.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
195. MedicationRequest.substitution.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
197. MedicationRequest.substitution.allowed[x]
Definition | True if the prescriber allows a different drug to be dispensed from what was prescribed.
Short | Whether substitution is allowed or not
Comments | This element is labeled as a modifier because whether substitution is allow or not, it cannot be ignored.
Control | 1..1
Binding | For example codes, see V3 Value SetActSubstanceAdminSubstitutionCode (example to `http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-ActSubstanceAdminSubstitutionCode` ) Identifies the type of substitution allowed.
Type | Choice of: boolean, CodeableConcept
[x] Note | SeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
199. MedicationRequest.substitution.reason
Definition | Indicates the reason for the substitution, or why substitution must or must not be performed.
Short | Why should (not) substitution be made
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see V3 Value SetSubstanceAdminSubstitutionReason (example to `http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v3-SubstanceAdminSubstitutionReason` ) A coded concept describing the reason that a different medication should (or should not) be substituted from what was prescribed.
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
201. MedicationRequest.priorPrescription
Definition | A link to a resource representing an earlier order related order or prescription.
Short | An order/prescription that is being replaced
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(MedicationRequest)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
203. MedicationRequest.detectedIssue
Definition | Indicates an actual or potential clinical issue with or between one or more active or proposed clinical actions for a patient; e.g. Drug-drug interaction, duplicate therapy, dosage alert etc.
Short | Clinical Issue with action
Comments | This element can include a detected issue that has been identified either by a decision support system or by a clinician and may include information on the steps that were taken to address the issue.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(DetectedIssue)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | Contraindication, Drug Utilization Review (DUR), Alert
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
205. MedicationRequest.eventHistory
Definition | Links to Provenance records for past versions of this resource or fulfilling request or event resources that identify key state transitions or updates that are likely to be relevant to a user looking at the current version of the resource.
Short | A list of events of interest in the lifecycle
Comments | This might not include provenances for all versions of the request – only those deemed “relevant” or important. This SHALL NOT include the provenance associated with this current version of the resource. (If that provenance is deemed to be a “relevant” change, it will need to be added as part of a later update. Until then, it can be queried directly as the provenance that points to this version using _revinclude All Provenances should have some historical version of this Request as their subject.).
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Provenance)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)