QI-Core Implementation Guide
4.1.0 - release

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## Resource Profile: QICoreMedicationAdministration - Detailed Descriptions

Definitions for the qicore-medicationadministration resource profile.

1. MedicationAdministration
Definition | Describes the event of a patient consuming or otherwise being administered a medication. This may be as simple as swallowing a tablet or it may be a long running infusion. Related resources tie this event to the authorizing prescription, and the specific encounter between patient and health care practitioner.
Control | 0..*
Invariants | Defined on this element dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (: contained.contained.empty()) dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (: contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()) dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (: contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()) dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (: contained.meta.security.empty()) dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (: text.`div`.exists())
2. MedicationAdministration.id
Definition | The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Comments | The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.
3. MedicationAdministration.meta
Definition | The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.
Control | 0..1
Type | Meta
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
4. MedicationAdministration.implicitRules
Definition | A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.
Control | 0..1
Type | uri
Is Modifier | true
Comments | Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
5. MedicationAdministration.language
Definition | The base language in which the resource is written.
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages Max Binding: AllLanguages A human language.
Type | code
Comments | Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
6. MedicationAdministration.text
Definition | A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.
Control | 0..1
Type | Narrative
Alternate Names | narrative, html, xhtml, display
Comments | Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
7. MedicationAdministration.contained
Definition | These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.
Control | 0..*
Type | Resource
Alternate Names | inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
Comments | This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.
8. MedicationAdministration.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
9. MedicationAdministration.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
10. MedicationAdministration.identifier
Definition | Identifiers associated with this Medication Administration that are defined by business processes and/or used to refer to it when a direct URL reference to the resource itself is not appropriate. They are business identifiers assigned to this resource by the performer or other systems and remain constant as the resource is updated and propagates from server to server.
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control | 0..*
Type | Identifier
Comments | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
11. MedicationAdministration.instantiates
Definition | A protocol, guideline, orderset, or other definition that was adhered to in whole or in part by this event.
Control | 0..*
Type | uri
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
12. MedicationAdministration.partOf
Definition | A larger event of which this particular event is a component or step.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(MedicationAdministration | Procedure)
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
13. MedicationAdministration.status
Definition | Will generally be set to show that the administration has been completed. For some long running administrations such as infusions, it is possible for an administration to be started but not completed or it may be paused while some other process is under way.
Control | 1..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from MedicationAdministration Status Codes A set of codes indicating the current status of a MedicationAdministration.
Type | code
Is Modifier | true
Must Support | true
Comments | This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
14. MedicationAdministration.statusReason
Definition | A code indicating why the administration was not performed.
Control | 0..*
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTReasonMedicationNotGivenCodes A set of codes indicating the reason why the MedicationAdministration is negated.
Type | CodeableConcept
Must Support | true
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
15. MedicationAdministration.category
Definition | Indicates where the medication is expected to be consumed or administered.
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from MedicationAdministration Category Codes A coded concept describing where the medication administered is expected to occur.
Type | CodeableConcept
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
16. MedicationAdministration.medication[x]
Definition | Identifies the medication that was administered. This is either a link to a resource representing the details of the medication or a simple attribute carrying a code that identifies the medication from a known list of medications.
Control | 1..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from US Core Medication Codes (RxNorm) The set of RxNorm codes to represent medications
Type | Choice of: CodeableConcept, Reference(QICoreMedication)
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x]
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Comments | If only a code is specified, then it needs to be a code for a specific product. If more information is required, then the use of the medication resource is recommended. For example, if you require form or lot number, then you must reference the Medication resource.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
17. MedicationAdministration.subject
Definition | The person or animal or group receiving the medication.
Control | 1..1
Type | Reference(QICorePatient)
Must Support | true
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
18. MedicationAdministration.context
Definition | The visit, admission, or other contact between patient and health care provider during which the medication administration was performed.
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(QICoreEncounter | EpisodeOfCare)
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
19. MedicationAdministration.supportingInformation
Definition | Additional information (for example, patient height and weight) that supports the administration of the medication.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Resource)
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
20. MedicationAdministration.effective[x]
Definition | A specific date/time or interval of time during which the administration took place (or did not take place, when the 'notGiven' attribute is true). For many administrations, such as swallowing a tablet the use of dateTime is more appropriate.
Control | 1..1
Type | Choice of: dateTime, Period
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x]
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
21. MedicationAdministration.performer
Definition | Indicates who or what performed the medication administration and how they were involved.
Control | 0..*
Type | BackboneElement
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
22. MedicationAdministration.performer.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Control | 0..1
Type | string
23. MedicationAdministration.performer.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
24. MedicationAdministration.performer.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
25. MedicationAdministration.performer.function
Definition | Distinguishes the type of involvement of the performer in the medication administration.
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see MedicationAdministration Performer Function Codes A code describing the role an individual played in administering the medication.
Type | CodeableConcept
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
26. MedicationAdministration.performer.actor
Definition | Indicates who or what performed the medication administration.
Control | 1..1
Type | Reference(QICorePractitioner | QICorePatient | QICoreRelatedPerson | QICoreDevice)
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
27. MedicationAdministration.reasonCode
Definition | A code indicating why the medication was given.
Control | 0..*
Binding | For example codes, see ReasonMedicationGivenCodes A set of codes indicating the reason why the MedicationAdministration was made.
Type | CodeableConcept
Must Support | true
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
28. MedicationAdministration.reasonReference
Definition | Condition or observation that supports why the medication was administered.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Condition | Observation | DiagnosticReport)
Comments | This is a reference to a condition that is the reason for the medication request. If only a code exists, use reasonCode.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
29. MedicationAdministration.request
Definition | The original request, instruction or authority to perform the administration.
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(QICoreMedicationRequest)
Comments | This is a reference to the MedicationRequest where the intent is either order or instance-order. It should not reference MedicationRequests where the intent is any other value.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
30. MedicationAdministration.device
Definition | The device used in administering the medication to the patient. For example, a particular infusion pump.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(QICoreDevice)
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
31. MedicationAdministration.note
Definition | Extra information about the medication administration that is not conveyed by the other attributes.
Control | 0..*
Type | Annotation
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
32. MedicationAdministration.dosage
Definition | Describes the medication dosage information details e.g. dose, rate, site, route, etc.
Control | 0..1
Type | BackboneElement
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) mad-1: SHALL have at least one of dosage.dose or dosage.rate[x] (: dose.exists() or rate.exists())
33. MedicationAdministration.dosage.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Control | 0..1
Type | string
34. MedicationAdministration.dosage.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
35. MedicationAdministration.dosage.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
36. MedicationAdministration.dosage.text
Definition | Free text dosage can be used for cases where the dosage administered is too complex to code. When coded dosage is present, the free text dosage may still be present for display to humans. The dosage instructions should reflect the dosage of the medication that was administered.
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
37. MedicationAdministration.dosage.site
Definition | A coded specification of the anatomic site where the medication first entered the body. For example, "left arm".
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTAnatomicalStructureForAdministrationSiteCodes A coded concept describing the site location the medicine enters into or onto the body.
Type | CodeableConcept
Comments | If the use case requires attributes from the BodySite resource (e.g. to identify and track separately) then use the standard extension bodySite. May be a summary code, or a reference to a very precise definition of the location, or both.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
38. MedicationAdministration.dosage.route
Definition | A code specifying the route or physiological path of administration of a therapeutic agent into or onto the patient. For example, topical, intravenous, etc.
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTRouteCodes A coded concept describing the route or physiological path of administration of a therapeutic agent into or onto the body of a subject.
Type | CodeableConcept
Must Support | true
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
39. MedicationAdministration.dosage.method
Definition | A coded value indicating the method by which the medication is intended to be or was introduced into or on the body. This attribute will most often NOT be populated. It is most commonly used for injections. For example, Slow Push, Deep IV.
Control | 0..1
Binding | For example codes, see SNOMEDCTAdministrationMethodCodes A coded concept describing the technique by which the medicine is administered.
Type | CodeableConcept
Comments | One of the reasons this attribute is not used often, is that the method is often pre-coordinated with the route and/or form of administration. This means the codes used in route or form may pre-coordinate the method in the route code or the form code. The implementation decision about what coding system to use for route or form code will determine how frequently the method code will be populated e.g. if route or form code pre-coordinate method code, then this attribute will not be populated often; if there is no pre-coordination then method code may be used frequently.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
40. MedicationAdministration.dosage.dose
Definition | The amount of the medication given at one administration event. Use this value when the administration is essentially an instantaneous event such as a swallowing a tablet or giving an injection.
Control | 0..1
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity)
Must Support | true
Comments | If the administration is not instantaneous (rate is present), this can be specified to convey the total amount administered over period of time of a single administration.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
41. MedicationAdministration.dosage.rate[x]
Definition | Identifies the speed with which the medication was or will be introduced into the patient. Typically, the rate for an infusion e.g. 100 ml per 1 hour or 100 ml/hr. May also be expressed as a rate per unit of time, e.g. 500 ml per 2 hours. Other examples: 200 mcg/min or 200 mcg/1 minute; 1 liter/8 hours.
Control | 0..1
Type | Choice of: Ratio, Quantity(SimpleQuantity)
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x]
Comments | If the rate changes over time, and you want to capture this in MedicationAdministration, then each change should be captured as a distinct MedicationAdministration, with a specific MedicationAdministration.dosage.rate, and the date time when the rate change occurred. Typically, the MedicationAdministration.dosage.rate element is not used to convey an average rate.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
42. MedicationAdministration.eventHistory
Definition | A summary of the events of interest that have occurred, such as when the administration was verified.
Control | 0..*
Type | Reference(Provenance)
Comments | This might not include provenances for all versions of the request – only those deemed “relevant” or important. This SHALL NOT include the Provenance associated with this current version of the resource. (If that provenance is deemed to be a “relevant” change, it will need to be added as part of a later update. Until then, it can be queried directly as the Provenance that points to this version using _revinclude All Provenances should have some historical version of this Request as their subject.
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))