Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide
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Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide, published by HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support. This guide is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 1.0.0-ballot built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) CI Build. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7/ebm/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions

: Certainty of Evidence Rating of 14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY) - JSON Representation

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{
  "resourceType" : "ArtifactAssessment",
  "id" : "179693",
  "meta" : {
    "versionId" : "6",
    "lastUpdated" : "2023-12-04T21:34:42.955Z",
    "profile" : [
      🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/certainty-of-evidence"
    ]
  },
  "text" : {
    "status" : "extensions",
    "div" : "<div xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\"><p><b>Generated Narrative: ArtifactAssessment</b><a name=\"179693\"> </a><a name=\"hc179693\"> </a></p><div style=\"display: inline-block; background-color: #d9e0e7; padding: 6px; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid #8da1b4; border-radius: 5px; line-height: 60%\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px\">ResourceArtifactAssessment &quot;179693&quot; Version &quot;6&quot; Updated &quot;2023-12-04 21:34:42+0000&quot; </p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px\">Profile: <a href=\"StructureDefinition-certainty-of-evidence.html\">CertaintyOfEvidence</a></p></div><p><b>Artifact URL</b>: <a href=\"https://fevir.net/resources/ArtifactAssessment/179693\">https://fevir.net/resources/ArtifactAssessment/179693</a></p><p><b>Artifact Description</b>: This example of a CertaintyOfEvidence Profile shows a recursive pattern of component elements with type/classifier paired values for different aspects of rating the certainty of evidence.</p><p><b>identifier</b>: FEvIR Object Identifier/179693</p><p><b>title</b>: Certainty of Evidence Rating of 14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY)</p><p><b>artifact</b>: <a href=\"Evidence-55.html\">Evidence/55: 14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY)</a> &quot;Fourteen_day_mortality_remdesivir_vs_placebo_meta_analysis_ACTT_1_Wang_et_al_WHO_SOLIDARITY&quot;</p><blockquote><p><b>content</b></p><p><b>informationType</b>: rating</p><p><b>summary</b>: Low certainty due to inconsistency and risk of bias</p><p><b>type</b>: Overall certainty <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-type.html\">Evidence Certainty Type</a>#Overall)</span></p><p><b>classifier</b>: Low quality <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-rating.html\">Evidence Certainty Rating</a>#low)</span></p><blockquote><p><b>component</b></p><p><b>informationType</b>: rating</p><p><b>type</b>: Publication bias <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-type.html\">Evidence Certainty Type</a>#PublicationBias)</span></p><p><b>classifier</b>: no serious concern <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-rating.html\">Evidence Certainty Rating</a>#no-concern)</span></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><b>component</b></p><p><b>informationType</b>: rating</p><p><b>summary</b>: There is a high degree of heterogeneity (I-squared = 73%). There is also inconsistency in findings between the fixed-effect and random-effects statistical models.</p><p><b>type</b>: Inconsistency <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-type.html\">Evidence Certainty Type</a>#Inconsistency)</span></p><p><b>classifier</b>: serious concern <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-rating.html\">Evidence Certainty Rating</a>#serious-concern)</span></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><b>component</b></p><p><b>informationType</b>: rating</p><p><b>summary</b>: Although the random-effects analysis finds an estimate without statistical significance, this imprecision is explained by the inconsistency (heterogeneity) and thus not further downrated in certainty assessment.</p><p><b>type</b>: Imprecision <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-type.html\">Evidence Certainty Type</a>#Imprecision)</span></p><p><b>classifier</b>: no serious concern <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-rating.html\">Evidence Certainty Rating</a>#no-concern)</span></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><b>component</b></p><p><b>informationType</b>: rating</p><p><b>type</b>: Indirectness <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-type.html\">Evidence Certainty Type</a>#Indirectness)</span></p><p><b>classifier</b>: no serious concern <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-rating.html\">Evidence Certainty Rating</a>#no-concern)</span></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><b>component</b></p><p><b>informationType</b>: rating</p><p><b>type</b>: Risk of bias <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-type.html\">Evidence Certainty Type</a>#RiskOfBias)</span></p><p><b>classifier</b>: serious concern <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/codesystem-certainty-rating.html\">Evidence Certainty Rating</a>#serious-concern)</span></p><blockquote><p><b>component</b></p></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></div>"
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    {
      "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/artifact-description",
      "valueMarkdown" : "This example of a CertaintyOfEvidence Profile shows a recursive pattern of component elements with type/classifier paired values for different aspects of rating the certainty of evidence."
    }
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  "title" : "Certainty of Evidence Rating of 14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY)",
  "artifactReference" : {
    🔗 "reference" : "Evidence/55",
    "type" : "Evidence",
    "display" : "14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY)"
  },
  "content" : [
    {
      "informationType" : "rating",
      "summary" : "Low certainty due to inconsistency and risk of bias",
      "type" : {
        "coding" : [
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            "code" : "Overall",
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          "classifier" : [
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          "informationType" : "rating",
          "summary" : "There is a high degree of heterogeneity (I-squared = 73%). There is also inconsistency in findings between the fixed-effect and random-effects statistical models.",
          "type" : {
            "coding" : [
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                "system" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-type",
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              "coding" : [
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                  "system" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-rating",
                  "code" : "serious-concern",
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        {
          "informationType" : "rating",
          "summary" : "Although the random-effects analysis finds an estimate without statistical significance, this imprecision is explained by the inconsistency (heterogeneity) and thus not further downrated in certainty assessment.",
          "type" : {
            "coding" : [
              {
                "system" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-type",
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              "coding" : [
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          "informationType" : "rating",
          "type" : {
            "coding" : [
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                "code" : "Indirectness",
                "display" : "Indirectness"
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          "classifier" : [
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              "coding" : [
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                  "system" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-rating",
                  "code" : "no-concern",
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              ]
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          ]
        },
        {
          "informationType" : "rating",
          "type" : {
            "coding" : [
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                "system" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/certainty-type",
                "code" : "RiskOfBias",
                "display" : "Risk of bias"
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          "classifier" : [
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              "coding" : [
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                  "code" : "serious-concern",
                  "display" : "serious concern"
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          "component" : [
            {
              "informationType" : "rating",
              "summary" : "No blinding (no placebo control) in the largest trial",
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                "coding" : [
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                    "code" : "SEVCO:00035",
                    "display" : "Inadequate blinding of participants"
                  }
                ],
                "text" : "Lack of blinding"
              },
              "classifier" : [
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                  "coding" : [
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                      "code" : "present",
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