<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<CodeSystem xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="observation-statistics"/>
  <meta>
    <lastUpdated value="2026-04-01T17:59:15.240+00:00"/>
  </meta>
  <text>
    <status value="generated"/>
    <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <p class="res-header-id">
        <b>Generated Narrative: CodeSystem observation-statistics</b>
      </p>
      <a name="observation-statistics"> </a>
      <a name="hcobservation-statistics"> </a>
      <p>This case-sensitive code system 
        <code>http://hl7.org/fhir/observation-statistics</code> defines the following codes:
      </p>
      <table class="codes">
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">
            <b>Code</b>
          </td>
          <td>
            <b>Display</b>
          </td>
          <td>
            <b>Definition</b>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">average
            <a name="observation-statistics-average"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Average</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean">mean</a> of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">maximum
            <a name="observation-statistics-maximum"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Maximum</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximal_element">maximum</a> value of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">minimum
            <a name="observation-statistics-minimum"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Minimum</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_element">minimum</a> value of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">count
            <a name="observation-statistics-count"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Count</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The [number] of valid measurements over the stated period that contributed to the other statistical outputs.</p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">total-count
            <a name="observation-statistics-total-count"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Total Count</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The total [number] of valid measurements over the stated period, including observations that were ignored because they did not contain valid result values.</p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">median
            <a name="observation-statistics-median"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Median</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median">median</a> of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">std-dev
            <a name="observation-statistics-std-dev"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Standard Deviation</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation">standard deviation</a> of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">sum
            <a name="observation-statistics-sum"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Sum</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summation">sum</a> of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">variance
            <a name="observation-statistics-variance"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Variance</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance">variance</a> of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">20-percent
            <a name="observation-statistics-20-percent"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>20th Percentile</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The 20th 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile">Percentile</a> of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">80-percent
            <a name="observation-statistics-80-percent"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>80th Percentile</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The 80th 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile">Percentile</a> of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">4-lower
            <a name="observation-statistics-4-lower"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Lower Quartile</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The lower 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile">Quartile</a> Boundary of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">4-upper
            <a name="observation-statistics-4-upper"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Upper Quartile</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The upper 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile">Quartile</a> Boundary of N measurements over the stated period.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">4-dev
            <a name="observation-statistics-4-dev"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Quartile Deviation</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The difference between the upper and lower 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile">Quartiles</a> is called the Interquartile range. (IQR = Q3-Q1) Quartile deviation or Semi-interquartile range is one-half the difference between the first and the third quartiles.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">5-1
            <a name="observation-statistics-5-1"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>1st Quintile</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The lowest of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.</p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">5-2
            <a name="observation-statistics-5-2"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>2nd Quintile</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The second of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.</p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">5-3
            <a name="observation-statistics-5-3"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>3rd Quintile</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The third of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.</p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">5-4
            <a name="observation-statistics-5-4"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>4th Quintile</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>The fourth of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.</p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">skew
            <a name="observation-statistics-skew"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Skew</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>Skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or even undefined.  Source: 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness">Wikipedia</a>.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">kurtosis
            <a name="observation-statistics-kurtosis"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Kurtosis</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>Kurtosis  is a measure of the &quot;tailedness&quot; of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable.   Source: 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis">Wikipedia</a>.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">regression
            <a name="observation-statistics-regression"> </a>
          </td>
          <td>Regression</td>
          <td>
            <div>
              <p>Linear regression is an approach for modeling two-dimensional sample points with one independent variable and one dependent variable (conventionally, the x and y coordinates in a Cartesian coordinate system) and finds a linear function (a non-vertical straight line) that, as accurately as possible, predicts the dependent variable values as a function of the independent variables. Source: 
                <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_linear_regression">Wikipedia</a>  This Statistic code will return both a gradient and an intercept value.
              </p>

            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
  </text>
  <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg">
    <valueCode value="oo"/>
  </extension>
  <url value="http://hl7.org/fhir/observation-statistics"/>
  <identifier>
    <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/>
    <value value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.1.1126"/>
  </identifier>
  <identifier>
    <use value="old"/>
    <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/>
    <value value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.1.395"/>
  </identifier>
  <version value="6.0.0-ballot4"/>
  <name value="StatisticsCode"/>
  <title value="Statistics Code"/>
  <status value="active"/>
  <experimental value="false"/>
  <date value="2022-12-01T09:29:23+11:00"/>
  <publisher value="HL7 (FHIR Project)"/>
  <contact>
    <telecom>
      <system value="url"/>
      <value value="http://hl7.org/fhir"/>
    </telecom>
    <telecom>
      <system value="email"/>
      <value value="fhir@lists.hl7.org"/>
    </telecom>
  </contact>
  <description value="The statistical operation parameter -&quot;statistic&quot; codes."/>
  <jurisdiction>
    <coding>
      <system value="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm"/>
      <code value="001"/>
      <display value="World"/>
    </coding>
  </jurisdiction>
  <caseSensitive value="true"/>
  <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-statistics"/>
  <content value="complete"/>
  <concept>
    <code value="average"/>
    <display value="Average"/>
    <definition value="The [mean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean) of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="maximum"/>
    <display value="Maximum"/>
    <definition value="The [maximum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximal_element) value of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="minimum"/>
    <display value="Minimum"/>
    <definition value="The [minimum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_element) value of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="count"/>
    <display value="Count"/>
    <definition value="The [number] of valid measurements over the stated period that contributed to the other statistical outputs."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="total-count"/>
    <display value="Total Count"/>
    <definition value="The total [number] of valid measurements over the stated period, including observations that were ignored because they did not contain valid result values."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="median"/>
    <display value="Median"/>
    <definition value="The [median](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median) of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="std-dev"/>
    <display value="Standard Deviation"/>
    <definition value="The [standard deviation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation) of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="sum"/>
    <display value="Sum"/>
    <definition value="The [sum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summation) of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="variance"/>
    <display value="Variance"/>
    <definition value="The [variance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance) of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="20-percent"/>
    <display value="20th Percentile"/>
    <definition value="The 20th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="80-percent"/>
    <display value="80th Percentile"/>
    <definition value="The 80th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="4-lower"/>
    <display value="Lower Quartile"/>
    <definition value="The lower [Quartile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile) Boundary of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="4-upper"/>
    <display value="Upper Quartile"/>
    <definition value="The upper [Quartile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile) Boundary of N measurements over the stated period."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="4-dev"/>
    <display value="Quartile Deviation"/>
    <definition value="The difference between the upper and lower [Quartiles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile) is called the Interquartile range. (IQR = Q3-Q1) Quartile deviation or Semi-interquartile range is one-half the difference between the first and the third quartiles."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="5-1"/>
    <display value="1st Quintile"/>
    <definition value="The lowest of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="5-2"/>
    <display value="2nd Quintile"/>
    <definition value="The second of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="5-3"/>
    <display value="3rd Quintile"/>
    <definition value="The third of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="5-4"/>
    <display value="4th Quintile"/>
    <definition value="The fourth of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="skew"/>
    <display value="Skew"/>
    <definition value="Skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or even undefined.  Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness)."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="kurtosis"/>
    <display value="Kurtosis"/>
    <definition value="Kurtosis  is a measure of the &quot;tailedness&quot; of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable.   Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis)."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="regression"/>
    <display value="Regression"/>
    <definition value="Linear regression is an approach for modeling two-dimensional sample points with one independent variable and one dependent variable (conventionally, the x and y coordinates in a Cartesian coordinate system) and finds a linear function (a non-vertical straight line) that, as accurately as possible, predicts the dependent variable values as a function of the independent variables. Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_linear_regression)  This Statistic code will return both a gradient and an intercept value."/>
  </concept>
</CodeSystem>